Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oncologia e Ciências Médicas - PPGOCM/NPO

URI Permanente desta comunidadehttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/4631

O Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oncologia e Ciências Médicas (PPGOCM) integra o Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia (NPO) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA). Trata-se do único centro de referência em pesquisa e formação de recursos humanos stricto sensu na área de oncologia na região Norte do Brasil. Os outros centros se concentram nas cidades do Rio de Janeiro e São Paulo.

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Navegando Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oncologia e Ciências Médicas - PPGOCM/NPO por Orientadores "DEMACHKI, Samia"

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    Análise da expressão de miRNAs em carcinoma hepatocelular
    (Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-02-11) SANTOS, Ian Barroso dos; DEMACHKI, Samia; SANTOS, Ney Pereira Carneiro dos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7568391537270652; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1290427033107137
    Hepatocellular carcinoma represents the most common primary malignancy of the liver and the fifth most common solid tumor worldwide. Highly lethal, remais a serious public health problem because of difficulties in early diagnosis and the development of effective therapeutic measures. Recent in the field of molecular biology studies suggest that define the profile of miRNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma may considerably influence the identification of risk factors associated with oncogenes and suppressor genes. The objective is to evaluate the expression of miRNA 135b, miRNA 181a-5p and miRNA 181a-3p in samples of Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Chronic Hepatitis C and correlate them so likely to seek biomarkers related to the mechanism of carcinogenesis. The research was done in six patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and twenty four cases of Chronic Hepatitis C, Para, northen Brazil. All samples Hepatocellular carcinoma underwent microdissection for subsequent RNA extraction. For the extraction of total RNA and microRNA All=Prep the DNA / RNA FFPE kit (quiagem), quantified by the Qubit® 2.0 Fluorometer (Invitrogen) for final concentration of 5ng/μL standard equipment was used. The cDNA was obtained using TaqMan® MicroRNA Reverse Transcription (Applied Biosystems). Statistical analyzes were performed in softwares SPSS 17.0, using the Mann-Whitney test, with significat differences in the expression levels of the miR181a-3p and miR 181a-5p in hepatocellular carcinoma (average 3.94 and 17.9, respectively) compared with chronic hepatitis C (average 1.18 to 1.8, respectively) with P-value of 0.005 and 0.003. In this study, it was observed that miRNAs 181a-3p and 181a-5p, especially the 181a-5p way were significantly more highly expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma samples when compared to non-tumor liver tissue with chronic hepatitis C. Therefore, microRNAs have interesting characteristics that favor them as possible in biological screening for early diagnosis of tumors and targeted therapies selected markers.
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    Expressão imunofenotípica da PD-1 e PD-L1 em adenocarcinoma gástrico de pacientes atendidos no Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto
    (Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-08-31) CANELAS, Érika Thaiane Couto; DEMACHKI, Samia; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7568391537270652
    Gastric cancer is the third leading cause of cancer-related death in both genders, and at an advanced stage the prognosis has been unfavorable. Human tumors are prone to escape from immunovigilance, and one of the axes involved in this scenario is PD-1, a receptor expressed on the surface of cells, and its PD-L1 linker, which have already been detected in samples from gastric adenocarcinoma. This study aimed to characterize the immunophenotypic expression of PD-1 and PD-L1 proteins in tissue adjacent to the tumor, primary gastric adenocarcinoma tissue, associated with clinicopathological and demographic findings from patients attending at University Hospital João de Barros Barreto since 2008 to 2016. We selected 92 samples from patients with gastric adenocarcinoma and 55 tissue samples adjacent to the tumor. Tissue microarrays (TMA) were constructed and automated immunostaining was performed (GX Ventana - Roche ®) for PD-1 and PD-L-1. The immunoreactivity for PD-L1 in tumor cells was observed in 8 cases (8.7%), all of them of intestinal histological type of Láuren and advanced staging, presenting, in the most, grade II of differentiation. Whereas cytoplasmic immunoreactivity for PD-1 in the lymphocyte of the intratumoral microenvironment (TIL) was observed in the cytoplasm and occurred in 64 cases (69.6%), being the majority of intestinal histological type of Láuren, advanced staging and grade II of differentiation. Intratumoral PD-1 positive lymphocytes were observed in a greater number of cases when evaluated intratumoral stroma, as compared to the tumor-associated PD-1 lymphocyte lymphocytes adjacent to the tumor. These data reinforce that patients with gastric adenocarcinoma who features the histopathological characteristics found in predominance for both markers analyzed, may be more likely to activate the PD-1 / PD-L1 pathway and are eligible candidates to use anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody or anti- PD-L1.
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    Investigação de polimorfismo dos genes NFKB1, TYMS, UCP2 e SGSM3 em pacientes com hepatite C crônica em uma população da região norte do Brasil
    (Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-09-11) SOUZA , Susi dos Santos Barreto de; MOIA , Lizomar de Jesus Maués Pereira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8335502787825672; DEMACHKI, Samia; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7568391537270652
    The hepatitis C virus (HCV) affects about 130-150 million people worldwide. Sex, age, smoking, ethnicity, ancestry, and genetic polymorphisms may interfere with the progression of hepatitis C. We investigated the role of functional polymorphisms in genes NFKB1 (rs28362491), TYMS (rs16430), UCP2 and SGSM3 (rs56228771) with the unfavorable evolution of patients with chronic hepatitis C in a population in the northern region of Brazil. Epidemiological and clinical questionnaires were used to conduct a cross-sectional, observational and descriptive study to investigate polymorphisms. The relationship of these patients with the unfavorable evolution of 75 patients with chronic hepatitis C, in 2 groups (with and without cirrhosis), who underwent outpatient follow-up at two hospitals in Belém-PA, were identified. A panel of 48 Ancestral Information Markers (MIAs) was used as a method of genomic control in the study. It was revealed that the sex, age, smoking, alcoholism and polymorphisms of the TYMS and NFKB1 genes do not present statistical significance, respectively: p = 0.775; p = 0.070; p = 0.404; p = 0.498; p = 0.565 and p = 0.809. However, the polymorphisms of UCP2 and SGSM3 genes and African ancestry presented statistical significance. The 10% increase in African ancestry led to a reduction of 0.571 in the chance of developing cirrhosis of the liver, thus conferring a protective effect (P = 0.0417, OR = 0.429, CI = 95% = 0.170-0.898). The genotype of the polymorphism of the UCP2 gene was associated with a risk reduction (P = 0.05, OR = 0.0003, 95% CI = 0-1.90) and the genotype of the gene polymorphism SGSM3 was associated with significant risk (P = 0.024, OR = 7.106, 95% CI = 1,295-39,007) for developing cirrhosis of the liver. It is concluded that the African ancestry and the polymorphisms of the UCP2 and SGSM3 genes are related to the unfavorable evolution of patients with chronic hepatitis C.
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