Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de Infraestrutura e Desenvolvimento Energético - PPGINDE/NDAE/Tucuruí

URI Permanente desta comunidadehttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/9400

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Agora exibindo 1 - 11 de 11

Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise da viabilidade técnico-econômica de implantação de reciclagem de pneus para produção de CBUQ em Tucuruí
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-02-21) MOUSINHO, Mateus Mamede; MESQUITA, André Luiz Amarante; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1331279630816662
Population growth and rapid technological development have contributed to increased solid waste generation by improperly disposing of post-consumer tires, which are not biodegradable and their decomposition time is not yet precisely determined. To be defended that the recycling culture does not only show aspects of environmental and educational preservation, it is also necessary to justify recycling as an economic activity that generates employment and income to the city, contributing to the well-being and quality of life. Therefore, the main objective of this research was to quantify the discard of waste tires and to analyze the technical-economical feasibility for the implementation of the recycling process of waste tires in the production of rubber aggregate in the asphalt mixture at the city's asphalt plant. To do so, it was measured the disposal of waste tires in a given period in Tucuruí and estimated the disposal volume of the adjacent cities, in addition, it was analyzed the operational activities and production costs of the waste as a rubber aggregate. In the field survey, 98 questionnaires were applied in 30 neighborhoods where the establishments were in January 2018. Thus, there was a monthly amount of 1,664 tires in the rubber workshops, 2,347 tires in the mechanical stores, totaling 4,011 tires in the municipality, which allows to conclude that the city presents a large volume of this solid residue. Adjacent cities presented in their estimate a total of 8,031 tires unserviceable per month. For the production of the rubber aggregate asphalt mixture, the conventional CBUQ trait was used in relation to the modified CBUQ developed by Coelho (2018), in which it was estimated that one kilometer of asphalt mixture of thickness of 3,5 centimeters can be used approximately 11.72 tonnes of recycled aggregate (8.79 tonnes of rubber and 2.93 tonnes of wood sawdust), this is equivalent to 1,465 car tires or 5,170 motorcycle tires, leading to an economy in the purchase of raw material from R$ 56,075.41 per kilometer. It is concluded that the results of the three scenarios are satisfactory, the simulations of the study were only the resources available to produce the rubber aggregate generated by the municipality as a pioneer project, with the intention that other municipalities are part of this visual identity of sustainable city.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação de modelo de elemento de pá aplicado a turbinas eólicas com difusores através de análise CFD
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-05-30) BEZERRA, Waldson Melo; MESQUITA, André Luiz Amarante; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1331279630816662
The diffuser effect on free flow turbines shows a possibility of reaching a power coefficient greater than that of a classic turbine, exceeding the Betz limit. The present work evaluated the effect of an Eppler 423 profile diffuser coupled in a horizontal axis wind turbine with a 4-bladed rotor NACA 65(3) 618 profile. Using computational fluid mechanics (CFD, Computational Fluid Dynamics), numerical simulations were performed allowing to obtains more information about the fluid flow and the increase in extracted power for configurations with and without diffuser for the velocity of 7 m/s. Considering the dimensions of the test section, the results obtained in the CFD analyses were validated through experimental results, in which the rotor and diffuser assembly were confined in a wind tunnel. It was observed that coupling the diffuser to the turbine considerably increased the fluid velocity, providing a 37% increase in the initial velocity of the flow. Showed an increase in the power coefficient in the order of 45,45% with the use of the diffuser, for the same flow velocity, 7 m/s. Thus, through the results obtained numerically in this work, it was possible to obtain reliable data for the evaluation of a specified Blade Element Momentum (BEM) model applied to diffuser-augmented wind turbines, which is employed to analyze the same turbine rotor and diffuser designs. Despite the good results of the BEM model, the present study indicates possible improvements for the consistency of the modeling.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Cálculo de ar induzido pela queda livre de materiais granulares via CFD
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-12-17) LIMA, Leandro Ferreira Borba; MESQUITA, André Luiz Amarante; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1331279630816662
The proposal of the work consists of presenting an analysis method via ANSYS-Fluent using the DDPM tool (Dense Discrete Phase Model) of the integrated Eulerian multiphase model, a better understanding of the flow of granulated material with the adjacent induced air due to the drag provided by the free-falling particles, which result in the generation and propagation of dust, avoid simulations with materials where particle density and diameters are variable. The use of this analysis tool will make it possible to improve and improve de dusting projects in industries that work with granular materials that emit dust. The simulations carried out were compared with other computational methods and practical experiments, in addition to previous theoretical formulas.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Critério do coeficiente de pressão mínimo aplicado ao dimensionamento de bombas axiais: caso de estudo para um túnel de água circulante
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-12-15) RAMALHO, Rodolfo Vitorino Correia; MESQUITA, André Luiz Amarante; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1331279630816662
An analysis of the pressure coefficient on the suction side of blades is presented as a design criterium for axial-flow pumps. A CFD model is developed and validated from experimental tests available in the literature. The model uses the finite volume method through the commercial software Ansys CFX. In the criterion application step, the X-Foil software is used to determine the lift and drag coefficients of the blade profiles. A case study is presented for the dimensioning of axial-flow pumps for a large recirculation tunnel, to be used for testing vessels, naval structures and hydrokinetic turbines. Special attention is given to pump cavitation conditions. The criterion of the minimum pressure coefficient is then evaluated by the CFD model, showing good performance for the pump.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Desenvolvimento de túnel de vento para avaliação de bicos de pulverização no abatimento de poeira
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-12-20) SANTOS, Danilo Silva; MESQUITA, André Luiz Amarante; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1331279630816662
Mining is extremely important economically and socially for the industry, especially iron ore, but along with its benefits, it also has environmental impacts generated in different ways, such as dust. This inconvenience has caused disruptions to mining enterprises, such as production shutdowns and heavy fines, as well as problems for people who work in the companies and surrounding communities, due to health problems associated with inhaling dust and dirt from the environments, making them unhealthy and devalued. Dust control mechanisms have been widely studied and one of these is dust control using spraying of suppressant solutions. Studying the efficiency of spray nozzles has become of great importance and bench tests act as efficient means of understanding the mechanism of dust abatement from minerals. Research has been common to use wind tunnels. Thus, a tunnel was built capable of evaluating 5 different nozzles and their efficiencies in suppressing pellet feed and sinter feed at two speeds and different water pressures. It was concluded that the tunnel is capable, through the methodology used, of evaluating and comparing the best nozzle, demonstrating that it is an important tool in consolidating this knowledge in the Fluid Dynamics and Particulates Laboratory.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Desenvolvimento de um túnel para secagem e emissão de minério em condições ambientais controladas
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-12-15) SILVA, Artur José Cunha da; MESQUITA, André Luiz Amarante; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1331279630816662
A dust emission is present in the various stages of the mineral industry, from extraction in mines to ship loading in ports. Transport in train wagons, storage in stockpiles and handling are three major sources of particulate emissions into the atmosphere. Suspended dust does not only affect the local environment, as the wind transports the particulates and brings disturbances to urban centers close to railway networks and ports. Larger particles are deposited on surfaces, outperforming visual surfaces, and smaller, unresearched particles with a size between 10 and 2.5μm are easily inhaled and lodge in lung tissue, potentially causing irritation or necrosis. Dust emission is enhanced by local atmospheric conditions, which cause the evaporation of surface moisture from the wet ore, breaking the liquid bridges that keep the particles linked together. Aiming at studying the dynamics of drying ore, a drying tunnel was designed and built, comprising a wind tunnel, cooling, heating and humidification equipment that are interconnected by a supervision and control system. The use of the bench for drying studies using sinter feed is known to be satisfactory, as the temperature remained stabilized at the setpoint during the drying time, reflecting the good calibration of the temperature PID controller. Moisture and ore mass were automatically measured using a scale and a capacitive moisture sensor positioned in the test section of the bench. The constant rate and descending rate drying curves only in the lightest weather conditions. The biggest limitations and variations were observed only in the period with decreasing drying rate, showing the influence of environmental conditions on the drying dynamics. Therefore, this work leaves as a contribution the preparation tunnel for future research and an experimental database for the calibration of numerical models and models of mathematical models for prediction prediction.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Determinação experimental da vazão de despoeiramento na descarga de carvão coqueificável
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-02-26) CHAVES, Gabriel Guedes; MESQUITA, André Luiz Amarante; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1331279630816662
Dust control mechanisms during industrial processes are often carried out using spray nozzle methods or exhaust systems, equipped with bag filters. The following work aims to develop an experimental method to determine the volume of exhaust in different quantities of materials and different heights of material discharge. A test protocol is presented to design exhaust systems for any material, mass flow and drop height, using an experimental method in which it simulates the material drop in order to evaluate experimental dedust flow rates for an industrial ventilation system. A literature review of the current empirical models of exhaustion volume is presented. The methodology is correlated through the concentration of respirable particles measured by the measurement equipment with the exhaust flow data. The results presented are for coal, comparing existing and suggested correlations with experimental data for three different heights of fall. It is hoped, therefore, to support design engineers in the design of industrial exhaust systems, reducing the damage caused by fine particles in workers and in the population that lives near the polluting source.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estabilidade da geração de energia em usinas hidrelétricas com turbinas Francis reversíveis: estudo de caso UHE Tucuruí
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-10-16) MADUREIRA, Angelo Torres; MESQUITA, André Luiz Amarante; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1331279630816662
Reversible hydroelectric power plant projects have been consolidated on the international energy scene since the 1970s and are increasingly common as a solution in ancillary services for integration with intermittent energy sources (FEI) during peak hours. In Brazil, the large hydroelectric generation base allowed this need to be postponed for a long period. HPP Tucuruí, the last hydroelectric plant in the Tocantins River cascade, is a landmark in national engineering. Equipped with two powerhouses with an installed capacity of 8,535 MW, it has been largely responsible for regulating the FEI in Brazil, especially wind farms in the northeast region. Its Francis turbines at Powerhouse 1 have a nominal power of 350 MW each, maximum flows of 600 m3/s, Francis rotors with a diameter of 8.15m and 12 blades and a specific speed of 86.9 rpm.m3/4 are machines of considerable capacity and has been widely used by the ONS for power regulation. However, the model used for load dispatch shows clear signs of exhaustion, when comparing the growth in the accumulation of electromechanical damage in the generating units. One possibility of mitigating the severity of damage and increasing generation stability is the partial conversion of generating units to TR (Reversible Turbine) operating in hydraulic short circuit, with the aim of stabilizing dispatched power and consequently reducing the frequency of starts and stops. . This work presents the development of a methodology to predict the hydromechanical behavior of Francis turbines converted into reversible turbines in hydroelectric plants. A one-dimensional mathematical model based on the application of the Euler equation for the turbine and pump modes is preliminarily used. The triangle of speeds at the rotor inlet and outlet is formed, for a preliminary analysis of the flow in the Francis rotor. Characteristic curves of flow, torque and power of reversible turbines are produced, based on statistical correlations of existing machines, obtained from the literature. In the end, the hydro energy model is validated and a case study is presented at HPP Tucuruí. The results indicate the technical feasibility of operating stability with a reduction in starts and stops of unconverted generating units. In the dimensionless curves generated, it was not possible to obtain the optimal performance condition in pump mode, with the adoption of the same existing Francis rotor. Therefore, modifications to the mechanical and electrical design of the generating units must be carried out to achieve more stable and safe operation. The use of reversible turbines in this work is not intended to increase energy storage, but rather for the purpose of stability of machine operation and reduction of electromechanical damage, which for this purpose is technically viable.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Partidas e paradas em usinas hidrelétricas: atendimento ao ONS e custos operacionais
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-12-19) MACHADO, Jucileia Cruz; MESQUITA, André Luiz Amarante; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1331279630816662
Hydroelectric plants (UHEs) connected to the National Interconnected System (SIN) have their operation under the rules of the National System Operator (ONS), which generate operational conditions that are often not suitable for the generating units, whether due to low efficiency or limit conditions. operation that affect maintenance, such as wear and cavitation. This work investigates the short-term dispatch process, a one-day horizon, for a large hydroelectric plant that is part of the national interconnected system (SIN). The Tucuruí hydroelectric plant was used as a base and case study, where data on generation, hydrology and the number of starts and stops of the installation were mapped, as well as the influence on costs associated with the number of intervention requests. A strategy is proposed to minimize the number of starts and stops, using the change of operating points of the generating units on the hill curve, observing the drop height, power and yield points possible to meet the system demand, without having to the need for successive starts and stops. The result of this investigation, for the year analyzed, obtained a reduction, for one operating day (24h), of around 26% in changes in status (starting and stopping) of the generating units, proving that it is possible to make adjustments at the points of operation of generating units, within the limits permitted by operational restrictions, with a focus on reducing starts and stops.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Predição de bombas funcionando como turbinas em toda a faixa de operação: estudo de caso de uma rede de distribuição de água
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-06-18) GAIA, Juliana Garcia; MESQUITA, André Luiz Amarante; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1331279630816662
Nowadays, the importance of reducing energy costs and/or obtaining alternative forms of generation has increased more and more. In this context, pumps working as turbines (BFT) emerge as a sustainable alternative for energy generation taking advantage of the hydraulic potential of a location. However, the adversity found is related to the BFT operating range in turbine mode. This work aims to theoretically determine the operating range of pumps working as turbines of pumps selected to work as pressure reducing valves (PRV) in the water supply system (SAA) of Vila Permanente, in Tucuruí. Three experimental studies were evaluated and the methods of Sharma & Williams (1995), Yang et al. (2012) and Alatorre-Frenk (1994) to achieve the PATs head (Ht) and flow (Qt) prediction results in turbine mode at the best efficiency point (BEP); after that, the method developed by Rossi (2019) was applied, which works outside the entire operating range of the BFT, combined with the methods in the BEP to obtain the characteristic curves Q x H (flow x head) and Q x η ( flow x efficiency) of the BFT in turbine mode; and finally, the results obtained through the methods were compared with the results of experimental studies, so that the best combination of methods was selected. Then, with the height and flow values of the pressure points in the SAA of Vila Permanente, centrifugal pumps were selected to work as turbines, applying the best combination of method and then obtaining the characteristic curves Q x H (flow x head) and Q x η (flow x efficiency) of the BFT in turbine mode, in order to reveal various points where the BFT can operate; in addition to energy recovery calculations with values in KW per day, month and year. In water supply systems, energy costs are excessive and it is common to use pressure reducing valves at points where this reduction is necessary to ensure the right circumstances for the transport of water in the pipeline. In this way, it is understood that there is a waste of energy that could be used in the system itself.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Procedimentos experimentais para avaliação da emissão de poeira em manuseio de minério
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-11-29) SANTOS JUNIOR, Ronaldo Menezes dos; MESQUITA, André Luiz Amarante; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1331279630816662
The generation of dust during the handling and transportation of bulk causes a series of problems, such as the erected air and loss of valuable material. Due to the risk associated with inhalation of dust, several control mechanisms have been adopted. The use of water is a viable option to inhibit the generation of dust, although the use of chemical suppressants is in some cases more appropriate. However, standards and methods for characterizing the generation of particulates are not very consolidated in the literature, for the proper selection of the control mechanism. Therefore, this study aimed to develop test methodologies to evaluate the emission of minerals particulate. The emission of particulate during transport was evaluated in a test bench developed by adapting an existing wind tunnel, using a wagon model and air speeds of 40 km/h and 70 km/h, for different iron ore moisture values. Results show that the increase in flow speed increases the loss of material mass contained inside the wagon model and the increase in material moisture significantly reduces the loss of mass, being enhanced with the use of dust suppressants applied to the material surface. To simulate material handling, a bench was developed using the dust tower technique concept, which allows dust generation tests during material discharge. In the results obtained, it is also verified that the increase in material moisture significantly reduces the emission of particulates, being more evident for materials that have a higher percentage of fines. The influence of suppressants was also evaluated, and among the tested reagents Fe2(SO4)3 showed the best result for the pellet feed milled, greatly reducing the emission of particulates in relation to the use of water only. For pellets, Ca(OH)2 showed the best results without curing time and CaCl2 for the condition with curing time of 2 hours. Therefore, the results show that the benches and experimental procedures developed, presented satisfactory and coherent results, which are reliable for the characterization of the emission of particulates from different materials.

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