Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geofísica - CPGF/IG
URI Permanente desta comunidadehttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/2355
O Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geofísica da UFPA (CPGF) do Instituto de Geociências (IG) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA). Foi o segundo no Brasil a formar recursos humanos em Geofísica em nível de pós-graduação stricto sensu. Criado em 1972, funcionou até 1992 junto com os Cursos de Pós-Graduação em Geoquímica e Geologia.
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Navegando Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geofísica - CPGF/IG por Orientadores "FIGUEIREDO, José Jadsom Sampaio de"
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Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Aplicação de modelos de substituição de fluido em rochas sedimentares oriundas do nordeste brasileiro(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-06-06) TROVÃO, Ana Alzira Fayal; FIGUEIREDO, José Jadsom Sampaio de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1610827269025210Carbonates reservoirs corresponds on about 50% of the hydrocarbon reservoir in the planet . This type of lithology presents different forms of heterogeneity, which are the main causes of errors in its characterization. This misunderstanding, can induces erroneous estimative elastic modules of rocks in saturated state. The main goal of this work is to perform a comparative analysis of fluid substitution models in unconventional carbonate reservoir. Specifically, fluid substitution processes analyzed in outcrops from Brazilian Northeast, under controlled laboratory conditions (temperature, pressure and degree of saturation) and under perspectives of the petrophysical and ultrasonic features by conventional theories (Gassmann, Biot) and unconventional (Brown and Korringa, Muller and Sahay). In this research, we analyzed six samples of carbonate rock and one sample of sandstone rock. The input data our analysis were: permeability, porosity, rock and grain density, elastic measures of compressional (Vp) and shear (Vs1 and Vs2) velocities. The measure of velocities was performed in cases of 100% gas (dry rock) and then replaced by water (100 % saturated by water). Our results show, that predictions performed by conventional fluid substitution models best fit in experimental measurements of sample considered homogenous. However, predictions performed by unconventional models (e. g., Muller and Sahay) shown best fit with most carbonates types, including tufa and limestanes.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Experimental verification of Hudson and Eshelby-Chen’s effective crack theory(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-12-04) HENRIQUES, Jéssica Pena; FIGUEIREDO, José Jadsom Sampaio de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1610827269025210Physical modeling of cracked / fractured media in downscaled laboratory experiments has served as a great alternative for understanding the anisotropic media behavior. In this work, it was performed ultrasonic measurements on samples with low crack densities and different aspect ratios. The main goal was to investigate the experimental behavior of elastic parameters, such as: waves velocities and Thomsen parameters ε and 𝛾 and elastic stiffness coefficients for transverse isotropic media. Comparison of the results with the predictions made by the effective models of Hudson (1981) and Eshelby-Cheng (1993), it was also investigated in this work. Twelve samples were prepared with two types of cracks density, 5 and 8%. The cracks that have three different aspect ratios (0.133, 0.1778 and 0.2667) were formed by rubber inclusions in a homogeneous isotropic matrix resin. Moreover, an isotropic matrix sample was constructed by only epoxy resin. Among all samples, six (three for each density) have only one aspect ratio type (samples with single crack), while another six (three for each density) have three types of different aspect ratio (mixed samples). Among the predictions of the models, the Eshelby-Cheng (1993) shows a better fit in relation to the experimental results for samples with single crack (for the two densities of inclusions). However, none of the models predicts accurately with minimal tendency for the mixed samples.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Joining diffraction filter and residual diffraction moveout to constructo a velocity model in the depth and time domains: application to a Viking Graben data set(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-08-14) COLLAZOS GONZALEZ, Jaime Andres; FIGUEIREDO, José Jadsom Sampaio de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1610827269025210Diffracted seismic waves are generated by unsmooth structures in the subsurface with a size on the order of seismic wavelengths. Because the incident wave field can be significantly affected by these discontinuities, many important properties of the seismic events can be used to improve the velocity model building. In this thesis, we propose a practical approach to construct velocity models in the time and depth domains using diffractions. This methodology applies the plane wave destruction (PWD) filter jointly with the residual diffraction moveout (RDM) method to construct velocity models in time and depth domains. Our method does not depend on any requirements except for identifiable diffractions filtered from reflection events and an arbitrary initial velocity model as input. The post-stack migrated images (in the time and depth domains) are compared with the mi- grated images derived from conventional seismic processing steps. In both cases, we used post-stack Kirchhoff Migration. Beyond the to the need to identify and select the diffraction events in the post-stack migrated sections in the depth domain, the method has a very low computational cost of processing time. To reach an acceptable velocity model was less compared with conventional processing. The applicability of our methodology was verified using a real Viking Graben seismic dataset.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Rock physics attributes analysis for identification and characterization of fluid content at hydrocarbon reservoirs - revisiting the Viking Graben basin dataset(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-04-17) TERUYA MONROE, Jorge Antonio; FIGUEIREDO, José Jadsom Sampaio de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1610827269025210In the characterization of hydrocarbon reservoir, most of methodologies used in rock physics or seismic reflection are based on the physical properties analysis of rocks which are associated to anomalous effects in seismic sections. These anomalies are, many often, associated to indicators of fluids (oil, gas and/or water) in the hydrocarbon reservoir. In this work, we perform a study in order to characterize a hydrocarbon reservoir at north Viking Graben region, in the North Sea. In addition to the seismic data, well-logs from two locations (wells A e B) were also used in our analysis. However, in our data set analysis, beyond to perform AVO analysis, Vp/Vs versus impedance (Ip) and Vp/Vs - Φ we applied the trend angle methodology and well-logs data set analysis as well as Gassmann fluid substitution. Through AVO analysis in the re-processing of Viking Graben seismic data set, where found three anomalous zones with a high potential for the presence of fluids (gas/oil). Thus using templates of rock-physics and the analysis by attributes (trend angle) to classifying the fluids and determinate the possibility of gas-sand that are present at wells A and B.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Seismic amplitude analysis and quality factor estimation based on redatuming(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-04-25) OLIVEIRA, Francisco de Souza; FIGUEIREDO, José Jadsom Sampaio de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1610827269025210Amplitude correction is an important task to correct the seismic energy dissipated due the ineslasticity absortion and the geometrical spreading during the acoustic/elastic wave propagation in solids. In this work, we propose a way to improve the estimation of quality factor from seismic reflection data, with a methodology to estimate de quality factor based on the combination of the peak frequency-shift (PFS) method and the redatuming operator. The innovation in this work is in the way we correct travel times when the medium is consisted by many layers. In other words, the correction of traveltime table used in the PFS method is performed using the redatuming operator. This operation, which is performed iteratively, allows to estimate the Q-factor layer by layer in a more accurate way. A redatuming operation is used to simulate the acquisition of data in new levels, avoiding distortions produced by near-surface irregularities related to either geometric or material property heterogeneities. In this work, the application of the true-amplitude Kirchhoff redatuming (TAKR) operator on homogeneous media is compared with conventional Kirchhoff redatuming (KR) operator restricted to the zero-offset case. Our methodology is based on the combination of the peak frequency-shift (PFS) method and the redatuming operator (TAKR with weight equal 1). Application in synthetic and in seismic (Viking Graben) and GPR (Siple Dome) real data demonstrates the feasibility of our analysis.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Seismic physical modeling based on the physical similitudes: application in isotropic media(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-12-02) SANTOS, Léo Kirchhof; FIGUEIREDO, José Jadsom Sampaio de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1610827269025210Throughout the decades seismic physical modeling has been used to help the geophysicists to understand the phenomena related to the elastic wave propagation on isotropic and anisotropic media. Most of the published works related to physical modeling, use physical similitudes between model and field (geological environment) only in the geometric, and sometimes, in the kinematics sense. The dynamic similitude is approximately or, most of the time, not obeyed due to the difficulty to reproduce, in laboratory, the forces and tensions that exist inside the earth when elastic waves propagate. In this work, an analytical expression for dynamic similitude in isotropic media in the sense of dynamic stress (stress due wave propagation) was derived. The resulting expression for dynamic similitude shows that this type of similitude has multiple solutions in context of dynamic stress (non-unicity problem). However, the regularization of this problem can be reached by controlling porosity and clay content. Ultrassonic measurements(elastic) as well as petrophysical measurements (density, porosity and clay content) in synthetic sandstone samples show how difficult it is to reproduce in the laboratory the three physical similarities studied in this work. Other important result of our analysis (from the kinematic similitude), is the achievement of an expression that relates the seismic frequency source with ultrasonic sources which are used in laboratory.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Verificação experimental do modelo efetivo de Hudson-Crampin para meios anisotrópicos fissurados cujo o meio de fundo apresenta isotropia transversal(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-03-17) CHIBA, Bruce Fabini Franco; FIGUEIREDO, José Jadsom Sampaio de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1610827269025210The physical modeling of cracked media, using scaled laboratory experiments, has been used as an alternative for understanding the effect of anisotropy on the characterization of the cracked hydrocarbon reservoir. The main objective of this work was to verify experimentally the predictions of Hudson-Crampin’s effective model to cracked media. For this purpose, ultrasonic and petrophysical measurements were performed on sixteen synthetic anisotropic samples with different crack densities distributed in four groups with distincts aspect ratios (0.08, 0.20, 0.32 and 0.52). Beside theses, one sample no cracks and weak VTI ansisotropy were used as reference sample. The cracks were simulated by void spaces in the form of discs in an matrix (made with sand and cement). Related to the estimatives of velocity performed by the theoretical models, Hudson-Crampin’s model presents a better adjustment for VP and VS propagating perpendicular to the plane of cracks for the dry and saturated conditions. These estimatives became more evident in the case where the crack density and aspect ratios are low. In addition to the velocity values, our comparison was also performed in terms of Thomsen’s parameters ε, γ and δ.