Teses em Engenharia Elétrica (Doutorado) - PPGEE/ITEC

URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/2317

O Doutorado Acadêmico inicio-se em 1998 e pertence ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Elétrica (PPGEE) do Instituto de Tecnologia (ITEC) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA).

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Agora exibindo 1 - 16 de 16

Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise comparativa das propriedades ressonantes de nanopartículas e de nanoantenas bowtie de ouro de diferentes geometrias
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-12-14) SANTOS, Thaís Lira Tavares dos; COSTA, Karlo Queiroz da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7932708321834647; DMITRIEV, Victor Alexandrovich; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3139536479960191
This work presents a comparative analysis of the resonant properties of gold nanoparticles and gold bowtie nanoantennas with new triangular geometries. The proposed geometries are as follows: the curved side triangular ones and the triangular geometries with one corner formed by three tips. The investigated properties are the resonant responses, the spatial distributions of the electric near-field and the resonant wavelengths. The current density inside the nanostructures is also analysed for better understanding of the electric near-field enhancement. For the case of bowtie nanoantennas, the research is also focused on the study of the influence of a silicon dioxide substrate on their resonant properties and on the study of their characteristics in the far-field region (scattering cross section and radiation pattern). The numerical results are obtained in the visible and near infrared regions of the electromagnetic spectrum, simulated by the finite integration technique. For isolated nanoparticles, these results show that the suggested geometries have electric near-field intensity around 160% higher and resonant wavelength redshifted by 15%, as compared to the equilateral triangular geometry. In the case of bowtie nanoantennas, the new geometries have electric near-field intensity 90% higher and resonant wavelength blueshifted by 15%, as compared to the triangular equilateral bowtie nanoantenna. The results of this work can serve for modeling, fabrication and designing of gold nanoparticles and gold bowtie nanoantennas for different applications, for example, microscopy and optical fibre sensors.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise de estruturas planares em THz baseadas em grafeno
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-01-28) NASCIMENTO, Clerisson Monte do; DMITRIEV, Victor Alexandrovich; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0684541646225359
In this work we analyse the properties of scattering of electromagnetic waves in graphene surfaces and the planar plasmonic based devices made of the same material, both in THz frequency region. The work is presented in form of four scientific papers. In the first one a numerical analysis of the plasmonic waves propagation in graphene elements is performed. The influence of geometrical configuration, chemical potential variation, angle of incidence and polarizations is analysed. That results give us the information to project two devices (the second and third) based on frequency selective surfaces (FSS) on THz range and that are composed only by graphene elements and dielectric substrates without the insertions of different metals. The first device consists in a THz electromagnetic filter made by an planar array of graphene ring-shaped elements placed in both sides of a dielectric substrate. The second device presents new multifunctional graphene device that can operate either as an electromagnetic, dynamically controlled, filter or as an eletromagnectic switch. Both devices operates based on Fano resonance effect. The fourth paper presents a new method of analysis of periodic planar structure, based on group theory approach. This method takes account the transversal and longitudinal components of induced current in the structure. By using this, one can obtain more information about the device properties than by using exitenting methods, which uses only longitudinal components of the induced currents. As application, we suggest an analyse a periodic array of graphene elements.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise e otimização de coberturas de invisibilidade esféricas estratificadas em camadas homogêneas e isotrópicas
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-06-29) MARTINS, Tiago Carvalho; DMITRIEV, Victor Alexandrovich; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3139536479960191
In this work, we analyze and optimize invisibility cloaks stratified in concentric spherical homogeneous and isotropic layers, in which both the total scattering cross section and the number of layers have been minimized. In order to increase the range of frequencies in which there is invisibility, dispersive effects are taken into account. In microwaves, We obtained discretized invisibility cloaks (obtained from anisotropic cloaks) with significant reductions (greater than 20 dB) of the total scattering cross section, for only 20 layers (which is achieved in the literature with at least 80 layers). We obtained a reduction of 32 dB in the total scattering cross section for a cloak stratified in only 13 layers. This result was obtained in microwaves. In microwaves, we optimized dispersive invisibility cloaks which present a bandwidth 5.4 times larger than would be obtained by a optimized cloak without dispersive effects. Cloaks are designed to operate in optical frequencies, for a wide range of frequencies.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise multifísica e experimentos em sensores ópticos usados na medição de temperatura em rotores de hidrogeradores
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-04-12) LEITE, Reinaldo Corrêa; DMITRIEV, Victor Alexandrovich; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0684541646225359
Fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) offer new possibilities to monitor accurately the rotor temperature. Dozens of sensors can be mounted in series in a single fiber and used to measure the temperature in several points of the rotor winding. Such sensors installed directly on the rotor winding surface are thermally isolated from the cooling air by a silicone layer. Because of the temperature gradient in this structure, the sensor is exposed to thermo-mechanical stresses and therefore can be deformed. Since the FBG probes are sensitive to both temperature and strain, the knowledge of each effect separately is necessary to ensure that the temperature readings are not affected by strain. Experimental results obtained in rotor winding mockup tests with thermistors and FBG sensors show that the temperature readings by the FBG are 4.5°C above the temperature defined by the thermistors which were used as references. Multi-physics simulations were carried out to calculate the strain and temperature in the FBG assembly. The theoretical and experimental results are in a good agreement and show that the temperature gradient across the FBG sensor assembly is sufficient to cause a strain that induces an axial stress in the FBG sensor causing an error in the temperature reading.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise teórica de novos circuladores de 3-portas em cristais fotônicos bidimensionais
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-12-07) SOUZA, Francisco José Mota de; DMITRIEV, Victor Alexandrovich; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0684541646225359
This work presents a theoretical study on new compact 3-ports circulators of W- and Y-types, based on two-dimensional photonic crystals. In the Y-type circulator, the waveguides that composes it form angles of 120° between each other (having the shape of a Y). The W-type circulator is a modification of the Y-type, obtained by repositioning one of the ports between the other two with an angle of 60° between them (having the shape of a W). The geometric parameters of crystals were obtained from band-gap diagrams. The three-port circulator of Y-type, designed to operate at microwave frequencies, was investigated with the aim of generating a innovative prototype, while the W-type, for optical frequencies, was investigated to demonstrate the feasibility of developing a more compact circulator compared to the known Y-type. The W-type can also be a more adequate alternative geometry for the design of integrated circuits. The models are reasonable in the sense that they present high isolation (higher than 20 dB in both circulators) and low insertion loss (less than -0.5 dB in the case of Y-type circulator). The W-type circulator has about 100 GHz of operation bandwidth, centered at the wavelength of 1.5 um. The simulations were performed using the commercial software COMSOL Multiphsics, which is based on the finite element method.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise teórica de novos tipos de antenas de banda larga e de dimensões reduzidas
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-04-28) COSTA, Karlo Queiroz da; DMITRIEV, Victor Alexandrovich; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3139536479960191
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Antenas compactas de microondas de banda larga e banda ultra-larga (UWB)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-12-16) MÉLO, Dilermando Ramalho de; DMITRIEV, Victor Alexandrovich; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0684541646225359
In the last years, with the sprouting of new services and devices for the system of mobile communication that have large bandwidths of operation band frequency and occupying small volumes, the development of new antennas of broad bands and with reduced dimensions if became one of the main challenges of the research in the field of antennas. In the present work, two structures of large bandwidth antennas and dimensions reduced had been analyzed and optimized. In the first part, the wire built-in folded monopole antenna (W-BFMA) was investigated and optimized in different feeding impedances. For modeling of antenna structure W-BFMA the numerical method of moments (MoM) was used, and for its optimization the methods: parametric, hill climbing and genetic algorithm (GA) were used. Computational programs based in the Matlab language had been developed for modeling, optimizing, and generation of the main characteristic curves of the antenna. In the second part, two different configurations of planar monopole antennas using the technology ultrawideband (UWB) had been investigated and optimized with the aid of commercial program CST - Microwave Studio. Both UWB antennas had been fed by a line of microstrip in the impedance of 50Ω. The UWB antenna with the small return loss was constructed and measured experimentally. The main characteristic curves of the antenna as return losses, gain and radiation patterns had been analyzed. The simulated results had been compared with the measured results.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Circuladores de grafeno de banda ultralarga para região THz
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-06-07) SILVA, Samara Leandro Matos da; DMITRIEV, Victor Alexandrovich; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3139536479960191
Non-reciprocal components are indispensable parts of many microwave and optical systems. In the future, THz communication systems will also require these components. Existing publications show that the bandwidth of graphene-based circulators in the THz region can be 10% to 20% with the use of rather complicated structures. The suggested circulators are formed by a graphene junction with concave pattern connected to the waveguides. Graphene is supported by SiO2/Si layers. The circulating behavior is based on the nonsymmetry of the graphene conductivity tensor that appears due to magnetization by a DC magnetic field normally applied to the plane of the graphene. We discuss the main parameters that define the bandwidth and its influence on it. Circulators have record bandwidth that is twice as high as those published. We have shown that the circulator Y can have the bandwidth of 42% in the frequency range (2.75 ÷ 4.2) THz, with the insulation better than −15 dB and the larger insertion losses that −2 dB, provided by the DC magnetic field polarization of 1.5 T and the chemical potential of 0.15 eV. For the two 4-port circulators we achieved a bandwidth of 44% for the same physical parameters.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Desenvolvimento de sensores eletromagnéticos para medição de descargas parciais nos enrolamentos estatóricos de hidrogeradores
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-04-14) BRASIL, Fernando de Souza; DMITRIEV, Victor Alexandrovich; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0684541646225359
Stops machines unplanned caused by faults in the electrical insulation of the power electric system equipment is a big problem, because account for high losses to plan and undertake performance indicators due long stop period generating unit necessary for the generation function restoration. In order to solve this problem, many researchers and scholars in the field of large rotating machines found that these failures were often related to the increased level of partial discharges (PD) of electrical insulation of the machine. Occurrences of PDs in insulating systems of high voltage equipment are symptoms of weakness in their dielectric withstand, whose evolution can cause serious consequences for the equipment. The PDs can be detected by measuring quantities associated with current pulses, radio frequency signals (electromagnetic waves), acoustic signals, among others. Among these methods the detection of electromagnetic waves radiated by PDs are proving to be a reliable technique to follow the default process of evolution. In comparison with other techniques such as the detection method based on capacitive couplers (conventional method), the use of electromagnetic broadband sensors is not invasive to isolation. In this way, this paper aims to show the evaluation of three different electromagnetic sensors of Ultra High Frequency (UHF) designed to be installed in hydrogenerators. The sensors used in the experiments are: microstrip directional coupler, loop antenna and log-periodic antenna. The sensors were evaluated by high-voltage tests to measure partial discharges which were evaluated all kids of discharges found in hydrogenerators, like internal discharges, delaminations, slot discharge, bar-bar and surface discharges, and through the accelarated aging test. The results obtained in the laboratory demonstrated that the directional coupler showed a high sensibility to all types os simulated discharges which results were validated by log-periodic antenna, and the loop antenna showed a low sensibility. The results also demonstrated that is possible to identify discharges through the UHF characteristics. The evolution of the PDs levels were evaluated through the directional coupler during the accelarated aging test, it was possible to observe the appearance of two types of discharges, delaminations and corona, the results were similar to those measured by the capacitive coupler.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Dispositivos de controle não recíprocos baseados em cristais fotônicos para utilização na faixa de frequências óptica
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-09-11) PORTELA, Gianni Masaki Tanaka; DMITRIEV, Victor Alexandrovich; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0684541646225359
The study of the photonic crystals technology is being performed by many research groups, mostly because of their many practical applications. Photonic crystal structures are comprised by materials with different refractive indexes, periodically arranged in one, two or three dimensions. They can be employed in the construction of passive photonic devices, for use in optical systems. Photonic crystal based devices have reduced dimensions when compared to the traditionally employed ones, favoring an increase on the component integration density in optical systems. On the basis of studies related to the symmetry groups of several geometrical configurations of photonic crystals and by performing many computational simulations, eight unprecedented passive devices were developed, with new operating principles. Five switches, one circulator, one nonreciprocal power divider and one multifunctional device were designed, on the basis of photonic crystals technology. The designed devices can be used, for example, in the next generation optical computers, as well as in optical communication systems.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Dispositivos não-recíprocos baseados em grafeno na região de THz
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-02-28) CASTRO, Wagner Ormanes Palheta; DMITRIEV, Victor Alexandrovich; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3139536479960191
Four new types of nonreciprocal graphene-based devices operating in the Terahertz region are suggested and theoretically analyzed in this work. They are two three-port circulators with Y and W geometries and two power dividers with different geometries. The cross section of the components has a three-layer structure, composed of graphene, silica and silicon. The planes of the figures of these components consist of a circular resonator of graphene and waveguides connected to it. The graphene resonator is magnetized normally of its plane by an external DC magnetic field, and the physical principle of operation of the devices is based on the dipole resonance of the magnetized graphene resonator. Using the Magnetic Group Theory, we analyze the scattering matrices of the symmetrical components of the devices. In addition, for the analysis of the circulators, the Analytical Temporal Coupled Mode Theory was also used. Numerical simulations were performed by a full wave computational program and the calculations demonstrate isolation levels better than -15 dB for both the circulators and the dividers. The Y-circulator has insertion losses around - 2.6 dB, bandwidth of 7.4% at the center frequency of 5.38 THz, whereas the circulator W showed insertion losses of - 2 dB, bandwidth of 4.5% at the center frequency of 7.5 THz. The DC bending magnetic field in the two cases was 0.45 T and 0.56 T, respectively. The power dividers have shown to posses the division of the signal between the two output ports of -4.4 dB with in the frequency band of 4.5% and 3.4% with magnetic filed of 0,8 T. The influence of geometric and physical parameters on the characteristics of the circulators is discussed. The frequency bands of the devices can be controlled dynamically by changing bias voltage applied between the graphene layer and the substrate.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Efeitos de Faraday e Kerr em estruturas periódicas metálicas: Grafeno na faixa de THz e Ouro-Dielétrico-Bi:YIG na faixa do infravermelho
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-10-05) SANTOS, Carlos Rafael Marques dos; DMITRIEV, Victor Alexandrovich; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3139536479960191
Photonics is a research field whose purpose lies in the use of light (photons), rather than electrons (electronics) in the realization of certain functions such as storage, transfer and processing of signals. In this context, it opens the possibility of development and production of devices whose storage capacity surpasses those of electronic devices. To do this, it is necessary to control the photons similarly, to what is done in electronics with the electrons. The control of radiation, in the context of photonics, can be realized through magneto-optical effects, such as the Faraday and Kerr effects. The Faraday effect is used as the basis of operation of devices such as optical isolators, current sensors and others. In turn, the Kerr effect is the basis of the operation of data storage devices (optical magnetic memory). In the present work, magneto-optical effects of Faraday and Kerr, as well as the transmission of electromagnetic radiation are studied in the regions of terahertz and infrared. In the frequency range that corresponds to the THz, the Faraday effect, the Kerr effect and the radiation transmittance are analyzed in periodic structures of graphene with different geometries. The structures analyzed in this work can present RF, for weak magnetic fields (B =1 T, for example), greater than 3_ depending on the choice of geometry that can be circles, squares, squares with small cuts in the corners and ribbons. Faraday rotation in these systems can be explained by a simple circuit model where the introduction of periodicity in the graphene promotes the increase of the system impedance and consequently changes the magneto-optical properties of the system, improving the rotation of Faraday at high frequencies (larger than 8 THz) still with magnetic field values taken as weak. This characteristic can not be obtained in a uniform sheet of graphene, since it is possible to obtain a strong rotation of Faraday at high frequencies with strong magnetic fields (10 T, for example). Additionally, for the three periodic structures it was calculated the Kerr rotation that can reach the value 3.96_ depending on the geometry chosen. For all cases, the maximum frequency of Faraday and Kerr rotations occur for frequencies greater than 7 THz. These results are better than results already published. In the infrared region are studies the effects of Faraday, Kerr, as well as extraordinary optical transmission in a plasmonic hybrid structure composed of four layers. For this, the Faraday rotation is of 7_ and 0.25 of of transmittance For wavelength 945 nm. Additionally, the Kerr effect can reach 23_. These results are better than results already published. In the proposed structure, the improvement of Faraday’s rotation is due to the increase of the Q factor of the resonances in the magneto-optical material layer.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Um estudo sobre a influência de defeitos de diferente natureza nas propriedades eletrônicas de nanotubos usando o método das ondas cilindricas linearizadas aumentadas
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-12-12) GOMES, Fernando Antonio Pinheiro; PELAES, Evaldo Gonçalves; DMITRIEV, Victor Alexandrovich; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0684541646225359
The carbon and boron nitride nanotubes are one-dimensional structures which exhibit behavior both as metallic and semiconductor, depending on their chirality, except for the nanotubes of boron nitride which always have semiconductor characteristics, for pristine nanotubes. Due to their electronic characteristics, the nanotubes have great potential for application in nanoelectronic devices, such as nanodiodes, nanotransistors, interconnection elements, etc. For this reason, it is important to understand how external factors influence on the properties of such materials. One such factor is the introduction of external defects in the nanotubes. Such defects are the absence of one or more carbon atoms belonging to carbon nanotube and nitrogen or boron for boron nitride nanotubes, or the substitution of carbon, nitrogen or boron atoms by different ones in the structure of the corresponding nanotubes. This work presents a theoretical study of the effects of the introduction of a substitutional defects in the electronic properties of carbon and boron nitride nanotubes, via ab-initio simulation. The energy band and density of states structures was evaluated for both semiconducting and metallic carbon nanotube armchair and zig-zag types respectively and for boron nitride nanotube only armchair type using the method LACW - linearized augmented cylindrical waves. Furthermore, due to the boron nitride nanotubes are growing in importance, we make an additional systematic study of the electronic structure for these nanotubes, for a super cell formed by three unit cells, using intrinsic doping as well as quantitative analysis about relative stability based on the total energy and band gap value of these structures.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Modelo para representação de ambientes 3D utilizando composição de modos do método FDTD-2D
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-05-26) LIMA, Bruno Wallacy Martins; DMITRIEV, Victor Alexandrovich; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3139536479960191
In this work, we use the two and three-dimensional versions of the finite-difference time-domain method, FDTD, for simulating the propagation of the electromagnetic waves in an indoor environment. First, the validity of the FDTD-3D method is proven by comparing the values of the power delay profile obtained via a measurement campaign carried out in the indoor environment. The losses expressed with the FDTD-3D method were used to propose corrections to the FDTD-2D results by taking into account the propagation in the free space and the propagation in the indoor environment. The advantages of the FDTD-2D method with corrected transient responses are reduced processing time and memory requirements when compared to other numerical methods. It is possible with the FDTD-2D with corrected signals to simulate wave propagation for large and complex environments and to develop simulation software for personal computers and mobile devices.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Sistema para detecção, localização e monitoramento de descargas parciais em estatores de hidrogeradores
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-11-30) VILHENA, Paulo Roberto Moutinho de; DMITRIEV, Victor Alexandrovich; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0684541646225359
Stops machines unplanned caused by faults in the electrical insulation of the power electric system equipment is a big problem, because account for high losses to plan and undertake performance indicators due long stop period generating unit necessary for the generation function restoration. In order to solve this problem, many researchers and scholars in the field of large rotating machines found that these failures were often related to the increased level of partial discharges (PDs) of electrical insulation of the machine. Occurrences of PDs in insulating systems of high voltage equipment are symptoms of weakness in their dielectric withstand, whose evolution can cause serious consequences for the equipment. Because of these consequences, the evaluation of the operating status of the stator winding through the on line PDs measurement system proposed in this thesis presents strategies to increase the reliability of the measurements. As PDs sensor, it has been suggested to use electromagnetic microstrip directional coupler can detect the signal with the highest bandwidth in the UHF band, compared to existing traditional sensors. The development and implementation of virtual simulator PDs caused by the need of having Examples of signals that allow testing some PDs signal processing techniques. The main result of this thesis is the DP measurement system (called SIM_DP) including sensor, data acquisition system, PDs signal processing software and analysis of results. By studying the propagation of the signal in a stator bar was possible to develop a new methodology based on spectral analysis for PDs location. Through the structure created in the laboratory, it was possible to validate the SIM_DP system which favored the review of the PDs phenomenon. Finally actual data were analyzed for DP measurements in the field and correlation of PDs with mechanical vibration. The results of the work contributed to a more accurate diagnosis of the phenomenon. The results of the thesis have been improved in laboratory and field producing new: implementation of new laboratory tests as Voltage Endurance Test (VET), new non-invasive sensors such as antennas capable of measuring partial discharges and new techniques used in the analysis and diagnosis of related DP phenomena which will be presented in future work.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Superfícies eletromagnéticas de microondas com controle do regime de trapped-mode
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-03-09) KAWAKATSU, Marcelo Nobuyuki; DMITRIEV, Victor Alexandrovich; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0684541646225359
In this work frequency selective surfaces (FSSs) with high quality factor (Q-factor) resonance and polarization independence for a normally incident plane wave were investigated. These FSSs are based on a planar array of metallization on a substrate. A high Q-factor is obtained by excitation of trapped-mode and polarization independence by means of high rotational symmetry of the elements that compose the array. For the design of FSSs with trapped-mode regime control, substrates made of materials with the possibility of controlling their electric or magnetic properties (magnetized ferrite or optically activated silicon) were used. The two concentric rings array on a dielectric substrate analyzed in this work presents a trapped-mode resonance with a Q-factor around 12 and maximum transmittance of 70 %. With the utilization of a magnetized ferrite substrate in this array, it is shown that we can shift the resonance frequency of the trappedmode around 20 % without significant degradation of the transmission resonance. With the use of an optically activated silicon substrate, it is demonstrated the possibility of an almost complete switching of the transmission band in that array. To perform the computer simulations the spectral domain moment method (SDMM) and the commercial programs Ansoft Designer 5 PlanarEM and CST 2009 were used.

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