Dissertações em Física (Mestrado) - PPGF/ICEN
URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/2340
O Mestrado Acadêmico iniciou-se em 2003 e pertence ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Física (PPGF) do Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Naturais (ICEN) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA).
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Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Modelo teórico de sensores ópticos baseados em fibras com grade de Bragg(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2007) CUNHA, José Renato Ferreira Alves da; ALCANTARA JUNIOR, Petrus Agrippino de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8771105422068014By applying an external stress to an optical fiber its refractive index can change due to the photoelastic effect. When the optical fiber contains a Bragg grating inscribed in its core besides of the refractive index their spacial period changes too, allowing its application as high sensitive optical sensors for measurements of temperature and stress. From the theoretical point of view, up to date the operation of sensors using optical fiber with Bragg gratings (FBG) is explained by the photoelastic effect through appropriate components of the photoelastic tensor but for germanosilicated optical fibers only, which may to represent limitations to understand the responses of other classes of FGB used as optical sensors. In this work we show an alternative theoretical formulation for the studies of the operation properties of an optical sensor of longitudinal stress based on optical fiber with FBG, which do not depends from previous knowledge of the components of the photoelastic tensor, but just depends on the refractive index of the core, Poisson’s ratio, and relative deformation. The results shown good agreement with the literature and experimental data, allowing to estimate other features related with the reflectivity of the FGB.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Propriedades ópticas e térmicas da oleína de palma(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2008) NUNES, Edson Carlos de Barros; ALCANTARA JUNIOR, Petrus Agrippino de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8771105422068014We used an experimental methodology to investigate optical and thermal properties of palm olein (PO), the liquid fraction of the palm oil (Elaies guineensis) obtained by natural fractionation with physical properties very different of the oil. In a first approach, we study both the absorption and emission spectra monitoring the modifications in the spectral curves caused by the increase of the concentration of β-carotene diluted into PO. This procedure allowed to find the molar absorption coefficient of the β-carotene (ε = 920,802 L.mol-1.cm-1). This value is very small compared with β-carotene diluted in pure solvent like benzene or n-hexane. Measurements of the absorption spectra of β-carotene in pure hexane allow us to measure ε = 117.900 L.mol-1.cm-1, only 18% below of that reported in the literature. In a second approach, the absorption spectra were used to measure the absorption coefficient of the PO, A = 0,028 cm-1 at 532 nm, the wavelength of a laser used as excitation source to investigate thermal properties of the PO by thermal lens spectroscopy. In this sense, was measured too the thermal coefficient of the refractive index of the PO, dn/dt = -3,821 x 10-4°C-1, using an Abbé’s refractometer coupled to a thermal bath with controlled temperature. These results associated with the aberrant model for thermal lens spectroscopy studies, allowed to measure the thermal diffusion coefficient, D = 2,19 ± 0,11 x 10-4 cm2/s, and the thermal conductivity, k = 5,96 ± 0,08 W/m°C, from the palm olein. Although the thermal properties measured for the PO not been knowledge in the literature yet, one observes that they has the same order of magnitude of the similar thermal properties measured in other vegetable oils reported in the literature.