Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia Aquática e Pesca - PPGEAP/NEAP
URI Permanente desta comunidadehttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/3478
O Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia Aquática e Pesca (PPGEAP) integra o Núcleo de Ecologia Aquática e Pesca da Amazônia (NEAP) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA). Focaliza os problemas relacionados com a conservação e com a gestão dos ecossistemas aquáticos amazônicos, decorrentes do uso dos seus recursos naturais pelo homem, em particular os recursos pesqueiros, para atividades de desenvolvimento econômico e regional.Tem como objetivo geral capacitar recursos humanos capazes de compreender de forma integrada a complexa dinâmica dos ecossistemas aquáticos da Amazônia, visando o uso racional dos seus recursos e sua conservação.
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Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Biologia reprodutiva e dinâmica populacional de Hypancistrus zebra Isbrücker & Nijssen, 1991 (Siluriformes, Loricariidae), no rio Xingu, Amazônia brasileira(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-05-25) ROMAN, Ana Paula Oliveira; ROCHA, Rossineide Martins da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4371300451793081; ISAAC, Victoria Judith; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3696530797888724Hypancistrus zebra is a specie used with ornamental purposes, endemic and rare in the Middle - Lower Rio Xingu, which has strong demand from the international ornamental fish market, which created a strong pressure of exploitation associated with this species. H.zebra is included on the list of Brazilian fauna threatened with extinction and their capture is prohibited. It is known that even prohibited, it continues to be captured and exported illegally, together with the construction of this hydroelectric Belo Monte in his patch of distribution, which threatens their geographical distribution and lack of information on its biology and ecology make it difficult planning actions for this species. So, if this work aimed to study aspects of reproductive biology and population dynamics to contribute to conservation measures for this species. Specimens of H. zebra were taken monthly from March 2009 to February 2010, by diving with a compressor, on the Xingu River, between the location of the weevil and Rita village of Belo Monte. The captured individuals were weighed and measured (total weight and total length). The gonads were removed and immediately fixed in Bouin solution. This was followed by routine histological techniques and the slides were stained with hematoxylin-eosin (HE). The stages of gonadal maturation were described based on the presence of germ cells at different stages of development. Through the length frequency data, estimates of population parameters such as growth models, recruitment, mortality, yield per recruit and size of first gonadal maturity. The species showed a seasonal spawning peaks between the two transition seasons of drought and flood (and vice versa) of the river, and two periods of recruitment, with different growth rates. It was estimated that the species has a lifespan of five years, and is at the limit of maximum sustainable yield, which is characterized as a dangerous situation for the species, because any increase in effort will compromise the stock and it is not known impacts that occur as a result of changes in their habitat caused by dam construction.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Composição, abundância e pesca da ictiofauna como indicadores do estado de conservação de dois lagos de várzea no baixo Rio Amazonas (Brasil)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010) ALMEIDA, Morgana Carvalho de; ISAAC, Victoria Judith; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3696530797888724The Amazon floodplain has a rich biodiversity and its characteristics influence the economically and ecologically important natural aquatic resources for the people. On the basis of these information, the objective of this research was to characterize the composition and abundance of ichthyofauna in two floodplain lakes in the Santarem region, and to understand the use I buy fishers in the Piracãoera and Campos fishing communities, in the Urucurituba region, and Barreira and Correio communities in the Tapará region. Samples were taken in the Aramanaí and Curiquara lakes considering the four hydrological periods (rising, flood, low, dry) for the period between July of 2006 and April of 2007. For the fish sampling were used set gillnets batteries. To collect data on catches of fishermen, forms were used that contained information about the characteristics of the fisheries. We caught 10,146 fish, which were distributed in 156 species, 27 families and 8 orders. The most abundant families in number of individuals were Sciaenidae and Loricariidae. In Aramanaí Lake, the Loricaria sp, was the species with the highest CPUAn with 0.02 individuals per m². hour. In terms of CPUAp featured species Potamotrygon motoro, with 0.13 g.m ². hour and Pterygoplichthys pardalis with 0.11 g. m². hour. In Curiquara Lake, the main catch in number of individuals was represented by the Pachypops fourcroi with 0,001 individuals per m² of gillnet. Curiquara and Aramanaí lakes 9 trophic guilds were identified and for both lakes fish piscivores and detritivores showed the largest catch by weight. The average length of individuals caught in the lakes was 20.27 ± 7.53 cm. The highest mean length of individuals was in the flood and lower in the low period. When fishing is practiced by fishermen used a variety of fishing gear devices highlighting the gill netting. The use of gear depends on the environment exploited, target species, and in addition to the season, and there may be combinations of more than one gear during the catch. The average yield of the fisheries in the two regions was 10 kg.fishermen.dia-1. In Urucurituba region the CPUE average was 16kg.fishermen.dia-1, in Tapará was 4.5 kg.fishermen.dia-1. The Urucurituba’s fishermen showed the higher catch volume and fish marketing. These communities are partially fulfilling the rules of the fisheries agreements.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Ecologia, pesca e dinâmica populacional do camarão-da-Amazônia - Macrobrachium amazonicum (Heller, 1862) (Decapoda:Palaemonidae) – capturado na região das ilhas de Belém - Pará - Brasil(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011) SILVA, Bianca Bentes da; MARTINELLI-LEMOS, Jussara Moretto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5264841936875017; ISAAC, Victoria Judith; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3696530797888724In monthly biological samples of M. amazonicum in Guajará Bay and Mosqueiro island, were studied reproduction, density, morphometric relationships and population dynamics. Two other sample designs was realized in two perennial the same estuary. Results indicate differences in capture of this species using different bait of meal, but is solely on the abundance and population structure does not change. The species is most abundant in the dry season, supporting the idea higher catchability of fishery resources. In Combu island was found species with larger sizes. Females are significantly larger and heavier than males, indicating the differentiation in metabolism due to reproduction. Sex ratio of males is higher in smaller size classes, which may indicate an increase in predation on smaller sizes of males due to their behavior more aggressive than the females or males simply because they reach lengths larger than females are more heavily preyed upon by fishing, with the recruitment of only the smaller males. First maturation length for both sexes resulted in 11.5 mm – carapace length - (11.5 mm in males and 11.2 mm in females). Reproduction in M. amazonicum is continuous or periodic a gradual increase during the months from October to March. The most common sites housed, as inner regions of tidal channels or holes (common in Amazon estuary) sites are preferentially sought by mature females for spawning and juvenile growth. Von Bertalanffy growth parameters obtained were very similar between the sexes, where L ∞ = 44.8 mm and K = 0.35 for males and L ∞ = 46.5 and K = 0.31 for females. Mortality and exploitation obtained was in maximum sustainability and the management should be treated fairly care. In this situation, any increase in effort may result a state of over-exploitation of growth. Allied to near commitment of the stocks of M. amazonicum of the socio economic fishing is no different from other systems of coastal fishery Para: poor education, poor performance of professional associations, chain productive complex and that its main underprivileged. We suggest the statistical monitoring of production, the delineation of the minimum capture length in 4.5cm; suppression of fishing with matapis in headwater areas of creeks and tidal channels, a census of users and the use of models bioeconomic that include major aspects of its biological and productive chain.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Efeito de características ambientais no uso dos canais-de-maré por três espécies de peixes bentófagos durante o período transição-seca no estuário de Curuçá (Pará-Brasil)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2009-08-10) ALMEIDA, José Bruno Araújo de; GIARRIZZO, Tommaso; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5889416127858884; ISAAC, Victoria Judith; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3696530797888724The Curuçá estuary is part of a Conservation Unit (RESEX Great Mother of Curuçá) since 2002 and has as main water courses the Curuçá River and Muriá bore. This study aimed to analyze the effect of environmental characteristics in the use of the creek on the benthophagous species Colomesus psittacus, Sciades herzbergii and Genyatremus luteus. The analysis involved the relationship of environmental data (salinity, submergence area and tree cover) and biotic data from the three species studied (density, biomass, feeding intensity and distribution of total length). The first expedition took place in July 2008 to collect the fish fauna and the second in October 2008 to conduct the tree inventory, and each campaign lasted for three days. For all the estuary of Curuçá, more precisely, along the Curuçá River and Muriá bore were allotted a total of six study sites, where within each site were sampled two creeks, making a total of twelve creeks sampled. The species C. psittacus, S. herzbergii and G. luteus were among the five most abundant and occurred in all sites, except for S. herzbergii, which was captured only in five of the six sites. The three species showed, among sites, highly significant differences for changes in their average density, biomass, index of fullness and length, except for G. luteus which did not show statistical differences in their average total length. All variations of the average environmental characteristics related to tree cover (density, height and diameter), as well as, the area of flood creek showed significant differences between sites. This study has showed: the influence of salinity gradient in the distribution of species within the estuary; spatial relations between the flooded area and availability of food resources, where the creek with larger flooded area were more conducive to forage fish fauna benthophagous; likely, there is a better yield when feeding species benthophagous occurs in creek surrounded by vegetation developed.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Estrutura populacional, uso de ambientes e crescimento corporal de Rhinoclemmys punctularia punctularia (DAUDIN, 1801), na Ilha de Algodoal/Maiandeua, Maracanã, Pará, Brasil(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010-02-26) FIGUEIREDO, Manoela Wariss; PEZZUTI, Juarez Carlos Brito; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3852277891994862; ISAAC, Victoria Judith; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3696530797888724For Rhinoclemmys punctularia punctularia (Daudin, 1801), until this study, there were no further studies that focused on their ecology in natural environment. In general, the existing works are based on few records at different locations in range of the species and data from animals in captivity, such reports have described the species as a generalist in relation to their feeding and the use of environments. This study aimed to evaluate the use of environments, the population structure and estimate the constant growth of the Rhinoclemmys punctularia punctularia in Island of Algodoal/Maiandeua, which is an environmental protection area (APA). As methodology were conducted experimental fishing in different environments of the APA of Algodoal/Maiandeua, between the years 2008 and 2009. Of the sampled specimens were captured only environments without the influence of marine waters and abundant food resources, such as the fruits of Annona sp. and Chysobalanus sp.. Environments used by R. p. punctularia (flooded forest, temporary ponds and lagoons of the plain), the highest yields were found in lagoons of the plain, where there is a greater availability of fruits of Annona sp. and Chysobalanus sp in water bodies that the species occupies. The population of R. p. punctularia in Algodoal/Maiandeua is mainly composed of adults and is slightly skewed towards females (0.43 males). The average length of females is 195.42±18 mm (range 43-226 mm) (n=68) while the males is 167±12.7 mm (range 133-197mm) (n=64), the females being statistically larger than males (U=454.02; GL=132, p=0.0001, n=132). In both sexes there was a significantly negative relationship between growth rate and length of the carapace. The model of von Bertallanfy was an estimated value of k=0.19 year-1 for males and k=0.16 year-1 for females, since the values of L∞ were 207.36 mm and 237.89 mm for males and females, respectively. When you reach the CRC 237 mm for females and 207 mm for males, the species reaches the age of about 33 years in both sexes.