Teses em Engenharia de Recursos Naturais da Amazônia (Doutorado) - PRODERNA/ITEC

URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/4045

O Doutorado Acadêmico inicou-se em 2006 e pertence ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de Recursos Naturais da Amazônia (PRODERNA) do Instituto de Tecnologia da UFPA (ITEC) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA).

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Agora exibindo 1 - 11 de 11

Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise do escoamento magnetohidrodinâmico micropolar de sangue e da captura magnética de nanopartículas em vasos sanguíneos
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2025-05-09) PONTES, Fábio de Andrade; MIYAGAWA, Helder Kiyoshi; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5848592858919971; MACÊDO, Emanuel Negrão; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8718370108324505
The aim of this work is to numerically analyze the transient two-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic pulsatile flow of micropolar blood considering the heat, mass and momentum transfers through a blood vessel in the presence of a magnetic field applied in the region of a symmetrical stenosis. The flow is considered laminar and incompressible and the magnetic nanoparticles are injected into the blood vessel and captured by the action of the magnetic field in the stenosis. The Method of Lines (MOL) was applied in the spatial discretization of the radial variable of the original 2D-transient model transforming it into a system of 1D-transient PDEs, which was solved numerically by the NDSolve subroutine of the Mathematica 13.1 software. The results of the converged MOL are verified with the results generated by the NDSolve subroutine applied directly to the original 2D-transient model and both are also compared with an analytical solution obtained for the limiting case, obtaining a good agreement between them. The effects of physical model parameters such as Lewis, Hartmann and Womersley numbers, the nanoparticle death kinetic constant and the mass Biot number are studied. The results show that in stenosis the flow is decelerated due to the magnetic field, as well as the microrotation velocity. The nanoparticle fraction field is also affected by the presence of the magnetic field, with concentration being increased in the stenosis region. The average velocity and microrotation increase in stenosis due to the narrowing of the arterial lumen. The average temperature and volumetric nanoparticles fraction are also elevated in the stenotic region due to the action of the magnetic field.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise experimental e numérica da fluidização para aplicações industriais
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-03) LOURENÇO, Reimar de Oliveira; MESQUITA, André Luiz Amarante; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1331279630816662; MACÊDO, Emanuel Negrão; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8718370108324505
The gas-particle fluidized beds have great importance in the processing industry, due to have a good effect of mixing between the phases, and high rates of heat and mass transfer, requiring it to lower power consumption. Some typical examples of industrial applications of this equipment can be found in processes involving catalytic reactions, catalyst regeneration, or the combustion and coal of gasification. The understanding of the fluid dynamic behavior of this equipment is of fundamental importance for the fluidized bed can be adapted to new conditions. The literature reports several studies of fluidized bed, reporting varied contributions already incorporated the knowledge of the operation. The CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) tool has proved a good alternative for understanding the operation of this equipment. The use of multiphase granular Eulerian model together with the conservation equations of mass, energy and momentum for each of the phases present, has shown success when applied to fluidized beds. Overall, this work is to study the behavior of the fluid dynamic flow of glass beads and alumina in conventional fluidized bed type gas-solid, varying models Gidaspow, Syamlal-O’Brien and Wen-Yu, as well as Turbulence Models K-ε and RSM. More specifically, the work seeks to study the behavior of the fluid-dynamic equipment, by monitoring the most important fluid-dynamic parameters, among which we highlight the minimum fluidization velocity of the same, the pressure drop at minimum fluidization equipment, its porosity and expansion of the bed particles, also at minimum fluidization. Experimental tests were compared with numerical simulations using CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) tool, in which good agreement of the simulated results compared to experimental results.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Desenvolvimento de processo de zeólita A utilizando o caulim da Amazônia e aplicação na adsorção de Cu+2
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-08-22) MORAES, Cristiane Gomes; MACÊDO, Emanuel Negrão; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8718370108324505; SOUZA, José Antônio da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6157348947425968
Around the world millions of tons of inorganic waste are produced every day in mining and mineral processing. These wastes are stored in sedimentation basins or discarded in landfills, and very often are thrown directly into the environment without any treatment process. However, alternative recycling and/or reuse should be investigated and, where possible. This work shows studies in order to reuse the kaolin waste from Amazon, from a kaolin processing company for paper covering. For the synthesis of the zeolite in static and dynamic hydrothermal processes, was used as the silicon source and the aluminum kaolin waste, which passed through the calcination procedure in a muffle at 600°C to obtain metakaolin; and as sodium source chose to 5M sodium hydroxide solution. In the static method was used stainless steel autoclaves, in an oven at 110°C, using 1,75g of metakaolin, varying the time of synthesis and the mass of sodium hydroxide and the dynamic process, we used 100g of metakaolin, mass 34,5g sodium hydroxide; at 95°C under stirring system, varying the time of synthesis, in order to determine the optimal conditions in the synthesis of the zeolite in the process. Matches materials and zeolitic products obtained in the syntheses were characterized by: X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential thermal analysis and thermogravimetric (DTA/TG), X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and particle size analysis. There is the possibility of scale-up, since the zeolite obtained, the dynamic process in time of 30 min. Data from adsorption experiments determined by iodometric technique copper alloys and metal and minerals, adjusted by Langmuir and Freundlich suggest that the static and dynamic zeolitic materials have good adsorptive capacity reached 95% efficiency for concentrations in the range of 50 to 100mg/L, thereby demonstrating that these materials are efficient and cost effective alternative when used for the removal of heavy metals, in the case of copper, the treatment of industrial effluents.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Desenvolvimento de unidade piloto de transferência de massa gás/líquido: redução da reatividade do resíduo da indústria de alumina através da reação com gases de combustão
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-02) VENANCIO, Luis Carlos Alves; SOUZA, José Antônio da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6157348947425968; MACÊDO, Emanuel Negrão; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8718370108324505
The bauxite refining using the Bayer process produces 0.7 to 2.0 tons of the residue known as red mud and about 1.0 ton of CO2 for each ton of alumina produced. The bauxite residue, although not particularly toxic, poses risks to the environment due to its large volume and reactivity. According to the latest technology, part of the moisture is removed and it is stacked on sealed areas specially constructed. More than 95% of the bauxite residue that has been produced (2.6 Bt until 2007) was discarded, especially in ponds on land. This thesis shows the design, construction and operation of a pilot scale gas liquid mass transfer unity with the objective of testing the reduction of the reactivity of the bauxite residue through a reaction with flue gas. As an additional gain, there is a reduction of carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide emissions. This unity, with three reactors, was designed in order to consume minimal power, process the effluent as efficiently as possible and minimize the investment cost. Twenty-five experiments were realized with duration from 80 to 520 minutes each. The gases were analyzed at the entry and exit with electrochemical cells and non-dispersive infrared sensors. The pH was monitored during and after the reaction in order to evaluate the short and long-term results as well as the stability of the reactions. It was demonstrated the viability of reacting the bauxite residue with the flue gas from the refinery without previous processing with the stabilization pH reaching 10.5.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estudo da extração de cobre utilizando contactores com membranas como alternativa ao processo convencional de extração por solvente
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-12-27) OLIVEIRA, Kleber Bittencourt; FERRAZ, Helen Conceição; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1820877582714129; MACÊDO, Emanuel Negrão; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8718370108324505
This paper studied the extraction of copper using membrane contactors as an alternative to conventional SX process. The relevant process parameters as type and concentration of extractant solvent, the strip solution, operating time and pH were investigated. Furthermore, a mathematical model was developed from a system of partial differential equations resulting from the mass balance in the membrane contactor system, using as the solution methodology of Integral Technique Coupled (CIEA). The experimental studies conducted in this study showed that use of membrane contactors in liquid-liquid extraction of copper is a promising and viable technology, with the potential to replace the method of solvent extraction by direct contact adopted currently yielding 100% extraction LIX 84I copper using 20% (v/v) as extractant, kerosene as solvent and H2SO4 strip solution in an operation time of 80 minutes. The results obtained by mathematical modeling and simulation of the physical problem analyzed in this study were compared with experimental results and shown to be satisfactory, demonstrating the ability of CIEA in treating problems of mass transfer in membrane systems with contactor.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estudo da extração de compostos de ferro da lama vermelha visando a extração e/ou recuperação de compostos de titânio
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-04) MAGALHÃES, Edilson Marques; MACÊDO, Emanuel Negrão; SOUZA, José Antônio da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8718370108324505; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6157348947425968
The main concerns about waste generation are focused on the effects that these materials can have on human health and the environment, since the hazardous waste generated by industries need particular attention and care, because when improperly managed, become a serious threat to the environment. In this context, this work shows the studies for recycling of red mud as raw material to obtain titaniumcompounds. The study covers three hydrometallurgical routes: red mud calcined at 900°C (LV900), red mud without thermal treatment (LV-STT) and red mud sintered in a reducing atmosphere (LV1300). The leaching experiments were performed with temperature values of 60, 80 e 90°C and sulfuric acid concentration of 20 and 30%. Together with the analysis mathematical modeling was carried out leaching process. Such analysis shown that the red mud can be applied as a source of alternative raw material for the concentration and subsequent recovery of titanium compounds. The kinetic modeling of the curves of data extraction as a function of time and the mathematical model developed in this work, shown that, the chemical reaction step describes the leaching tests. The developed model also allowed obtaining kinetic parameters such as activation energy and velocity of chemical reactions of the leaching process.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estudo da magnetohidrodinâmica em dutos usando transformadas integrais
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-11-27) LOBATO, Benedito; SOUZA, Marcelo José Raiol; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2980566423137880; MACÊDO, Emanuel Negrão; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8718370108324505
The present work presents the study of magnetohydrodinamics for the outflow of fluids in ducts with different geometric shapes. The integral transforms technics, in this case GITT, were used to obtain solutions of the momentum and energy transfer equations. In each case a hybrid (analytical-numerical) solution was obtained, and they were treated with computational codes that allowed the analysis of the velocity, temperature and entropy fields. The results were compared with the results obtained in classic situations of the literature and also with the actual results, showing the efficiency and capacity of the utilized technique.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estudo da sinterização em reator vertical de leito fixo: desenvolvimento de processo para produção de agregado sintético a partir de cinza volante e biomassa
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-05-19) QUARESMA, Danielly da Silva; SOUZA, José Antônio da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6157348947425968; MACÊDO, Emanuel Negrão; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8718370108324505
The synthetic aggregates have been employed in civil construction as a measure for the reduction of mineral extraction. Within this context, the recycling of industrial waste configured today as the basis of the majority of processes to reduce the exploitation of mineral resources. This paper presents the formulation of a process of environmental character and self-sustaining from an energy point of view parameters to develop a process for the production of synthetic aggregate from fly ash and biomass fixed bed reactor. Thus, for the production of aggregate pellets were made from a mixture of clay, fly ash and charcoal in fixed proportions. The reactor is filled with 20% pellets (6.35 mm > pellet ≥ 4 mm) and 80% charcoal (3.36 mm > carbon ≥ 1.70 mm) rated for promoting the efficiency of combustion reactions and subsequent sintering process at different air velocities (Darcy at 20 °C) of 0.0059 m.s-1 (1º Experiment), 0.0098 m.s-1 (2º Experiment) and 0.017 m.s-1 (3º Experiment). By means of X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy was identified the presence of mullite in synthetic aggregate. This material is characterized as lightweight aggregate, in accordance with current standards. With synthetic aggregates manufactured to lightweight concrete, according to the established standard, without structural function in civil construction, but with applications of moderate resistance and may be used in the counterfloor. The process if showed interesting for the sintering of aggregates with good adhesion to the matrix of cement, and can easily be controlled by composition, granulometry, temperature gradient and gaseous flow, reducing environmental impacts, to the extent that the material produced implies in not extraction of natural aggregates.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Modelos matemáticos de transferência de calor e massa: extração de metais por membranas poliméricas e sinterização de materiais cerâmicos
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-07-16) VILHENA, Mailson Batista de; SOUZA, José Antônio da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6157348947425968; MACÊDO, Emanuel Negrão; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8718370108324505
The overall objective of this work was to present a mathematical study of multicomponent mass transfer in a metal ion extraction cell through a flat polymeric membrane and to conduct an experimental and kinetic study focused on the production of synthetic aggregate from bauxite residue. In the first part of the work, a mass transfer model for the recovery of metal ions using flat polymeric membranes was developed. Unlike most existing models, which are limited to studying a single component and do not consider the selectivity and effects of multiple components on reaction kinetics, a model capable of simulating the simultaneous extraction of various metals is proposed. This model is based on the mass conservation equation and was solved using the Coupled Integral Equations Approach (CIEA), and validated with experimental measurements and previous simulations. In the second part, an experimental and theoretical study was conducted using a kinetic model for the production of coarse synthetic aggregates from bauxite residue, silica, and clay. The experimental study included the production and characterization of the aggregates in different compositions. To analyze the sintering process of a full-sized pellet, a small electric furnace with an attached balance was built, allowing the monitoring of mass loss measurements as a function of temperature and time. Additionally, a kinetic study was carried out using mathematical models to evaluate the main solid-state reactions and their phase transformations during the sintering process, using experimental data from thermal analysis.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Proposta de modelo matemático e estimativa de parâmetros cinéticos da lixiviação da lama vermelha através de técnicas bayesianas
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-09-13) VIEGAS, Bruno Marques; ESTUMANO, Diego Cardoso; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5521162828533153; MACÊDO, Emanuel Negrão; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8718370108324505
Red mud, a residue from the alumina production industry, is obtained during bauxite processing through the Bayer process. Because it is generated in large quantities and has many oxides of industrial interest, the kinetics of red mud leaching have become the object of study by many researchers. This work proposes the mathematical model and the estimation of the kinetic parameters of the leaching of the red mud, using the Markov Chain Monte Carlo method with the Metropolis-Hastings algorithm. To estimate the parameters, actual data were used, obtained from different experiments involving red mud leaching with sulfuric acid. Based on the shrinking core model, a mathematical model was proposed, in terms of a system of coupled differential equations, aiming to represent the kinetics of the waste leaching. The proposed mathematical model was validated by reproducing experimental data and the use of Bayesian statistics was adequate.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Sinterização de pelotas de argila, carvão vegetal e cinza volante de caldeira em uma célula de combustão de leito fixo: análise da propagação da frente de reação de combustão no leito
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-05-20) MELO, Alvino Oliveira; MACÊDO, Emanuel Negrão; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8718370108324505; MARTINS, Marcio Ferreira
A great preoccupation of humanity turns around the preservation of the environment, seeking to constantly through studies and search, alternatives to find a balance of coexistence between man and nature. Normally, industries in general, produce waste at its majority toxic which damage the environment, humans being and other diversities of life inserted in it. Looking up, insert itself in this context, this work makes a study of evolution of the temperature of combustion of a mixture, in predefined proportions of fly ash from boiler industries located in the State of Pará, clay from the banks of the Guamá River and charcoal acquired in metropolitan region of Belem-Pa, Brazil. The experiments were performed in a combustion reactor, acquired by Programa de Pós - Graduação em Engenharia de Recursos Naturais da Amazônia in order to assess the temperature profile of each experiment during the combustion process and if the values of these temperatures would be sufficient to initiate the process of sintering of the pellets. For the experiments performance, parameters such as inlet velocity of the fluid (air), diameters of the pellets (mixture of charcoal, ash and clay) and grain size of charcoal were varied and the effect of variations of these parameters were analyzed for each experiment. The historical temperatures were recorded by a data acquisition instrument named Paperless Recorder - PHL and subsequently plotted for analysis. Temperatures varying in the range of 800°C - 1290°C, were obtained and these values are sufficient to initiate the process of sintering of the pellets. Data generated by the combustion reactor were recorded by "Paperless Recorder" and compared with numerical results computational.

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