Navegando por Orientadores "CASTRO, Edna Maria Ramos de"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Agro é POP ou a Globo é agro?: relações de poder e dominação através da construção das narrativas de riqueza e dos padrões de consumo pela comunicação midiatizada do campo da agropecuária
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2020-10-14) CUNHA, Larissa Carreira da; CASTRO, Edna Maria Ramos de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4702941668727146
The thesis analyzed the relations of power and domination in the field of agriculture through the construction of narratives and consumption patterns through the communication of the hegemonic agents that integrate the media field, represented by Rede Globo in partnership with the field of the Market and the State. The hypothesis was constituted with the assertion that the belief in the wealth narratives built by the mediatized communication of agribusiness enables the agreement of a hegemonic model of development based on neoextractivism, colonial thought and the Cartesian-materialist paradigm, forging a consumer awareness of society agents. Theoretical and methodological references of the concepts of field, habitus and beliefs of Pierre Bourdieu, Foucault's Power, Kotler's marketing and Bernays' advertising, consumer awareness with the theories of Hegel and Jung, paradigms and development narratives with Rist and Korten, field of development and Amazon with Castro, veganism with Singer and Ferrigno, among others. 103 videos from the “Agro: the industry-wealth of Brazil” campaign were analyzed, as well as other communication materials from the broadcaster, using the media analysis methodology of Leach and Liakopoulos. The thesis demonstrated that Rede Globo, in addition to being a powerful member of the media field, also integrates the market field, these agents being the most dominant within the field of agriculture and livestock, together with the State, whose exercise of power constitutes the construction of standards of consumption and the narrative that constitutes the development model, in a process legitimized and validated by the agents of society, consumers. It was also demonstrated that there is a part of the agent that acts contrary to the rules of the field, exercising an anti-hegemonic consumption capable of promoting a disturbance within the field and the creation of new economic and social dynamics by hegemonic and non hegemonic agents . It was also concluded that the change in the development models involves changing the paradigm of reality, arising from the collective and individual change in consumer awareness. Following the model based on the Cartesian materialist hegemonic paradigm, there is the possibility of real and effective change in economic and development models for a truly harmonious result between economic production, preservation of the environment and respect for the other species that make up the Earth's biosphere. The thesis concludes that the change in the development models does not depend on the ideological change in the control of the hegemonic agents that are in power, and is linked to the conformation of the collective conscience, product of the individual conscience, which is validator of the paradigm.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Biodiversidade da Amazônia e mercados locais
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2003-04-04) MONTEIRO, Raimunda; CASTRO, Edna Maria Ramos de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4702941668727146
The study Amazonian Biodiversity and local Markets analyzes the tendencies of the diversified use of the Amazonian Biodiversity in the conceptual bases of development and sustainable production and the potentiality of the local markets as strategic ally. This research sustains that the Amazonian economy can profit from the tendencies of increase in value for natural products, but founded on the high value set on knowledge and involvement of the local population by strengthening the position of the region in its relationships with the national and global markets. A large number of products derived from Amazonian raw materials has been identified, as well as an expressive variety of industrial uses and a favorable, local, national and international atmosphere. There is a conclusive evidence that big enterprises still look upon the external market as their main target inasmuch as the local cooperation ties can still be deemed fragile. The consumers in the city of Belém indicate that the local market is receptive to new products, but it has its own characteristics that demand a renegotiation on the non-traditional trends and uses. And it is well known that the development of an economy system set on diversified bases demands the construction of productive and institutional links as well as adequate public policies, without which many of the emerging initiatives are likely to be unsuccessful.
Desconhecido
Conflitos, gestão ambiental e o discurso do desenvolvimento sustentável da mineração no estado do Amapá
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010) CHAGAS, Marco Antonio Augusto; CASTRO, Edna Maria Ramos de; http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4787433Y1
The industrial mining in Amapá has been developed for six decades (1950-2010, since the settlement of the project ICOMI into the recent investments in gold and iron mines carried out by the enterprises MBPA (current Beadell Brasil) and MMX (current Anglo Ferrous Amapá). Starting from the analysis of data contained in environmental licensing processes, monitoring reports, performed interviews, among other sources, the interpreted activities have been identified as social-environmental conflicts coming from the ore mining enterprises in Macapá, the relations of these conflicts with environment administration and the sustainable development speeches. It has been evidenced that there exists a direct relationship between the state organ environment performance and the efficacy of environment administration put into practice by the mining business of enterprises and that the social-environmental conflicts are a result of the fragility of performance of public institutions responsible for the politics of environment administration. Nevertheless, it has been observed that harmful political agreements have advanced legal proceedings of environment instruments administration. These issues have shaken inexorably the principles that lead the environment politics, as the care, the democracy and the sustainability among others. However, it has been verified that inherent idiosyncrasies exist about the form of managing each commercial enterprise and that the environmental administration is the answer to the challenges of viability of each enterprise, as it was with ICOMI in the 1950’s that established programs of environmental health in order to create habitability conditions in the middle of the Amazon forest and more recently with MPBA when, in its short performance activity in Amapá, it created voluntarily funds of social and community development, besides the publication of sustainability reports to communicate their actions. Another askew issue has been also detected; it is concerned with the time of transactions; they weren´t compatible with the environment licensing fulfillment, as it has been proved by the MMX, Amapá performance time; nevertheless, the registered results are due to the violations performed by the company, resulted positive, when they are assessed under the focus of profits measured at the stock market and in the subsequent sale of the iron mine of Amapá to the Anglo American Mining Company. It has also become well-known that it is the Department of Justice, the mediator agent most looked for in order to decide the social environment conflicts provoked by the mining enterprise performances but the results of the means applied still lacks evaluation. The conclusion is that the environmental administration practiced in Amapá is a potential field of conflicts, where public power commits omissions together with the private enterprises, due to lack of technical education and technology in order to produce the modernity of industrial mining and also the lack of the pro-active environment and the adoption of a sustainable development far away from where it is accomplished.
Desconhecido
De que Amazônia vocês estão falando?: a categoria Amazônia para o Banco Mundial e o BNDES
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-11-22) RIBEIRO, Domingos Antonio Feitosa; CASTRO, Edna Maria Ramos de
The Amazon category is treated in different ways by different people, therefore, it is necessary to understand how the World Bank and the National Bank for Economic and Social Development (BNDES) understand the Amazon. What is the Amazon for the World Bank and BNDES? How do they think about Amazon? Do the Amazon concepts for the two banks change over time? How many concepts do the two banks use for Amazon? How do they see the Amazon? The objective is to understand how the World Bank and BNDES think about the Amazon. This general objective unfolds in others that would be to understand the history of the Amazon; analyze the documents of the World Bank that deal with the Amazon; study the BNDES documents that address the Amazon category. To achieve these goals, documents dealing with the Amazon are used and are available for public debate in the portals of the two banks. There are four hypotheses raised: both the World Bank and BNDES understand the Amazon as a source of natural resources available to the world market; the definition of the Amazon category for both the World Bank and the BNDES involves the dependence of the Amazon on the world market; there is a common project between the World Bank and BNDES about and for the Amazon and, finally, the World Bank continues to dictate, finance and project the future of the Amazon. The Amazon category varies with the time of production and reproduction of world capital, as at one time it was an "empty" region ready to be explored and occupied, while at another moment it is a region of natural resources that need to be preserved, but without detachment of the “vocation” of exporting primary or semi finished goods supplying the great centers of the world and national market, while the promises made by the two development banks do not arrive. During this wait, both at the World Bank and at the BNDES, the idea, also aimed at the Amazon, of “sustainable development” arises. For the World Bank, “sustainable development” is the redemption of the sins committed during the 1970s and 1980s, as the World Bank did not blame the financing it gave and the projects it carried out in the Amazon during this period. For the BNDES, which was born with one foot in the concern of the “environmental issue”, the path is not so difficult, despite doing the opposite of what the World Bank did, and they only did it because it was what had to be done. The concept of Amazon is variable for the World Bank and BNDES, it depends on what the capital, as a whole, wants for the moment.
Desconhecido
Dinâmica ribeirinha e a periferia na metrópole amazônica: subcentralidade urbana e representação social no distrito de Icoaraci em Belém/PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2020-12-29) RAMOS, Erick Afonso Santiago; CASTRO, Edna Maria Ramos de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4702941668727146
On the amazon context of the 1970s, the intensified migratory motion towards Belém was one of the elements that provided the urban decentralization to spaces futher away from the central area, causing, an urban shape marked by dispersion. With this, new spaces for settlements were being constituted in distant areas, especially towards Icoaraci, historical district of Belém. Such growth and consequent sprawl of the urban tissue, although it has been done in a discontinued way in the territory, presupposes the reinforcement, or even the creation of new spaces of consumption aimed at the meeting the growing daily demands of this population. It is understood that in the last decades, as all city of Belém, Icoaraci has gone through relevant transformations associated to the reproduction process of space and, most importantly, on the reconfiguration of its sub centrality. In this sense, the current work focused on studying the redefinition of Icoaraci’s sub centrality, on a way that the social agents producers of the space would obtain a singular focus. Therefore, a set of narratives from the subjects that constitutes the sub centrality of the district was covered, involving their memories, social-spatial experiences and apprehensions about the scope of their daily practices, providing a comprehension of the dynamics of sub centrality from of an investigative and theoretical-methodological differentiated conception. The research problem was based on the following question: how it does the redefinition of Icoaraci's sub centrality take place in the perspective of the practice and representations of social agents? In this sense, it sought to understand the redefinitions ocasionated on the sub centrality icoaraciense from the daily practices and the social representations of the agents, including discussions about the historic formation of the sub centrality of the district and their two sub centers; the daily practices of the agents involved on the redefinition of their sub centrality and the social representations built that made it possible to analyze this redefinition. With an approach of qualitative nature, the type of investigation developed was the field study (GIL, 2012), dialoguing with the social representation methodology with the intention of develop a research guided on the perspective of the social subjects and from interdisciplinary coverage. The methodological procedures are strutted on five steps: bibliographic research, documental research, complete observation on field, realization of open interviews and semi structures and elaboration of cartographic contents. It is considered that on the context of Belém’s metropolization the local reality presents on a complex mode, because in the two sub centers stands out dynamics towards to reinforcements of the sub centrality of the district due to the activities and logics that involves, however it is been registered the occurrence of an intensification of search for new areas and consumption shape due to the installation of commercials equipments, especially, large wholesale networks and Shopping Center on the axis of the Augusto Montenegro Avenue. Following the theoric perspective of social representation it is believed that this spatial redefinition is product of the cognition process of the subjects and the intercommunicative relationship between then and with the space that guides their daily practices.
Desconhecido
Discurso político, mídia e ação parlamentar: a Amazônia no Congresso Nacional
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010-12-04) CUNHA, Elaide Martins da; CASTRO, Edna Maria Ramos de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4702941668727146
This research paper, with an interdisciplinary approach, transits through both political and media fields in order to display the content of the discourses of the propositions, actions and interviews of the members of the Amazon, National Integration and Regional Development Committee (CAINDR), of the Brazilian Chamber of Deputies. By indicating whether ‘Development’ and ‘Sustainability’ themes are embedded or not in public policies constructed in this forum, this thesis main purpose is to identify which kind of development this Committee stands up for and how The Amazon is portraited by its members. Through a detailed survey of projects, applications, documents, speeches and actions of lawmakers who formed the committee at the 52nd Legislature (2003-2006), as well as the relevant media production related to certain actions and propositions presented at CAINDR, went for the Speech Analysis. More than a methodological tool, Speech Analysis constitutes a theoretical and methodological approach, essentially interdisciplinary, that enables the understanding of discursive strategies in a particular social field. Analyzing the meanings of speeches, marks or clues left in the production of senses, as well as elucidate the social place of production (relations) and the voices convened by the speeches in this forum, allow identifying what is their priority and how they portray the Amazon – result that is even more interesting when you come across the news in question, placing the relation between the political and the media fields. In this sense, the Social Field Theory was adopted as a theoretical reference for this research, not only by seeking to understand relations and representations of the social world. In this sense, adopting the Social Field Theory as a theoretical reference has confirmed itself as the best choice for this research, not only by seeking to understand relations and representations of the social world, but also by helping locate, in dispute for symbolic power, the central thrust of interests and strategies of actors from the studied social field. The result of this research was rewarding and allowed confirming its central point: that development model defended by CAINDR prioritizes the progress of frontiers and markets over the environmental issues – continuing the exploitative and concentrator model which rules for such a long time in the Brazilian Amazon.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Educação ambiental e estratégias empresariais na área portuária: um estudo da Companhia Docas do Pará (CDP)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-07-02) RODRIGUES, Jondison Cardoso; CASTRO, Edna Maria Ramos de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4702941668727146
Since ECO-92 there was a substantial increase in stock for Environmental Education (EE) in Brazil and word, linked to various segments of society, social movements, neighborhood, associations, NGOs, schools, universities, research institutions and companies. EE‟s shares gained visibility in the business sector, particularly in the port area, the object of interest of this work. This thesis aims to analyze critically the logic of the introduction of EE port in the business sector an its impacts, from the analysis of the Companhia Docas do Pará (CDP). Studies of EE in the port sector not clarify the intentions of "economic order" to adopt environmental programs. We assume that EE is a field of knowledge of systemic character. Following the notion of field of Pierre Bourdieu, we show that the logic of the introduction of EE is to accumulate “symbolic capital” (credit/recognition) to achieve the legitimacy of the modus operandi business, showing his actions as sustainable. This allows you to promote a good image of the company, with the conquest of stamps and certificates. It was observed that there was building a “habutus eco-logical”, reproduced in labor relations by the professional qualification, in o other words, for the environmental management of the business, and increased ownership of the intellectual and cognitive dimension, trying to involve workers more intensely for the ordering, and hence, resulting performance gain business. We conclude that the rationale for entering the EE is the accumulation of “symbolic capital” to achieve the legitimate business of the modus operandi, showing how sustainable their actions, thereby promoting a good image of the company (increase in stock price, also its partners) and the decrease of investments in technology and make plans to mitigate environmental impacts. In summary, the analysis examines relevant elements of the restructuring of logistics Companhias Docas in Brazil, particularly in Pará.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Entre “rejeitos”, riscos e resíduos: perspectivas e desafios no gerenciamento de resíduos em hospitais públicos do Estado do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-05-25) GOMES, Jocileide de Sousa; CASTRO, Edna Maria Ramos de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4702941668727146
The Waste of Health Services, especially hospital waste, are configured in important object of analysis because they involve complex environmental issues that dialogue with the challenging relationship consumption and environmentally proper disposal and, above all, minimizing the potential risks to environmental health, occupational and collective. Considering the normative instrument which guides its actions for sustainability in the management of this waste, this thesis aimed to identify the prospects and challenges the Commission's public three hospitals Waste Management from Pará State in attending to what is established legally. With technical, methodological tools for data analysis and field research and documentary, interviews and participant observation, evidence of political, social, economic and technical fragility between the members responsible for minimization, reuse, recycling and disposal of waste generated environmentally by their respective hospitals. From the analytical contributions of theoretical and methodological framework used, it was found that the economic interest together with the rejection of the changes demanded by the waste management outnumber the interests focused on the prevention and reduction of risks they may pose to global health. The identification of watering "beyond gaming" also allowed strip that waste management visibility and effectiveness is only achieved when there is commitment to the interest to go along with the social and environmental perspective that the subject requires.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O Estado a contrapelo: lógica, estratégias e efeitos de complexos portuários no oeste do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018) RODRIGUES, Jondison Cardoso; CASTRO, Edna Maria Ramos de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4702941668727146
Brazil, starting in the 2000s, began to compete competitively in the global productive and financial circuits, through policies to increase commodity exports. This insertion in the process of globalization was done through the construction of territorial policies and state infrastructure projects, whose Growth Acceleration Program (PAC) is emblematic. The PAC, as a State policy, has built a perspective of planning and public policies in a continuous and long-term way. The eastern Amazon region, particularly in the state of Pará, is in the region that stands out, with projects and investments (public and private), in infrastructure works: energy, logistics (transportation) and construction of private port terminals. Considering this discussion, this thesis seeks to critically analyze the logic and strategies of the Brazilian State, through public policies in the Production of Port Complexes (PCP) in the West of Pará, and its effects. Following the field theory of Pierre Bourdieu, we tried to engage and dialogue with the perspective that the particularities of interests, logic, strategies and their effects are linked to the struggles for control of several capitals and the correlative power of the agents that compose the that is denominated of "Field of the power of the State". The interdisciplinary approach was the guiding element, whose analysis was based on the "articulation of the political and economic dimension", following the theoretical contributions of: i) the Economic / Political Sociology, of Pierre Bourdieu; ii) Political Sociology, by Nicos Poulantzas; iii) Economic Geography, from David Harvey; iv) Financial Economy, from François Chesnais; and v) Critical Sociology of Development (SCD), from Edna Castro. The analytical path is structured in three axes of analysis, with data from: a) Government agents, commercial agents and spaces of collective action. a) Government agents: interviews with members of the public power and institutional and official documents of the Brazilian State (plans and programs, federal and state), laws, agreements, participatory diagnosis and master plan - data analyzed based on the confrontation with observations, interviews and field research photographs, on the materialization of port policies; b) Commercial agents: interview with a businessman and major investor in the port sector in the state of Pará; speeches and market contents in public hearings, EIAs / RIMAs, the agreement between Itaituba City Hall and the Association of Port Agents in Western Pará; in the master plan, which was financed by this association; and, c) Collective Action Space Agents: with semi-structured interviews and questionnaires with the Comisssão Pastoral da Terra (CPT) - Itaituba Region and the Movimento dos Atingidos por Barragens (MAB) (from 2014 to early 2018), as way of analyzing the strategies of resistance, of social struggles and actions, by virtue of the PCP. There are two intrinsic logics: the logic, in the foreground, of public policies on infrastructure by the Brazilian State, in the PCP, is mainly due to the fact that most of the financing, foreign investment and credit (especially Chinese) are announced globally for the agribusiness sector, the State seeks to capture capital and stimulate the "landing" of foreign investments, directly and / or indirectly linked to agribusiness. Secondly, new agents emerged and new relationships were forged between "modern oligarchies" (conservative-liberal and agribusiness), who are inside and outside the state, with interests and games for fractions of hegemonic classes linked to agribusiness. The strategies are a sequence of coordinated actions: laws / decrees, plans and policies for structuring and legitimating the agribusiness field, in which the State also composes; and, the effects are: socioterritorial transformations and conflicts. In addition, the "emergency" in terms of struggles and resistance, such as CPT and MAB, with respect to the PCP. Within this context, the PCP, through the public policies of the State, constitutes the materialization of distant and capitalist logics (import and territorialization of logics) based on finaceirization, corporatization, the commodification of territories and the spoliation of various orders, whose "official 'is the state - for structuring, regulating, and subsidizing: capitalist spatial adjustments and executing selective policies that are viewed as state policy, as material and symbolic gains.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Uma estrada na reserva: impactos sócioambientais da PA-136 em Mãe Grande, Curuçá, (PA)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2007) FIGUEIREDO, Elida Moura; FURTADO, Lourdes Gonçalves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1828475659148260; CASTRO, Edna Maria Ramos de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4702941668727146
The ambiental changes of the Amazonia, are going along a certain seria of factors and performances who demonstrate certain complexity of interests who go since any substitution from the forest to pasture and for agroindustry, until a superexploration of the fishing recourses, the construction of hidrelectrical units and exploration of minerals, among others. Despite an continued criction of Conservation Unids for the sense to maintain integrity as an part of the forest, it’s perceble that the devastation continued with alarmant numbers in each new year ho comes along. This canary, as roads have a fundamental paper. The arise ant expansion of roads in Amazonia are an great vectors of these changes, originating farther devastation, social changes, ambiental, economic and cultural, allowing conflicts and various tensions. On this mather, this work identifies and analisaises the social-ambiental impacts of the PA-136, road who connect the municipality as Castanhal to the community São João do Abade, area moun legally sinse 2000 as Extrativism Reserve Marina Mãe Grande, of the municipality Curuça, northeast of Para Stat.
Desconhecido
Estratégias de dominação empresarial e resistências comunitárias na Amazônia maranhense
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018) CASTRO, Raifran Abidimar de; CASTRO, Edna Maria Ramos de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4702941668727146
This research had as object of study the relationship between the companies Vale S/A and Suzano Papel Celulose S/A, with their rural communities of the settlement Francisco Romão, in Açailândia (MA), and the Extractive Reserve of the Ciriáco, Cidelândia (MA). This study aimed to analyze/interpret the repercussions of these relations in everyday life in the community, and in forms of corporate performance before the settlers and the tappers coconut. To access all the intricacies of these relations adopted the theory of Pierre Bourdieu as a theoretical-methodological axis; interviews were held with representatives of the communities and enterprises; complementing with documentary analysis and in the field. It was identified that companies seek, with its strategies of domination, using mainly their financial and cultural capitals, extend its powers on communities. Vale and Suzano exploit the economic weaknesses of the settlers and the tappers coconut, to establish a representation that strengthens its corporate powers. In relation to the settlers and the tappers coconut, it is noteworthy that it must strengthen them to the political struggles, legal, and mainly symbolic, considering that it was identified important demonstrations of resistance to business strategies. It was found that, while there is commitment of the valley and the Suzano in implementing strategies of domination, the communities have lit in their practices the essences of everyday resistance in defense of their rights.
Desconhecido
Fronteiras invisíveis de gênero: impactos da dominação masculina em viagens solo de brasileiras
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-11-13) AIRES, Jamyle Cristine Abreu; CASTRO, Edna Maria Ramos de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4702941668727146
Tourism plays a central role in social life, facilitating cultural exchanges and generating social, cultural, and political impacts. This study investigates masculine domination in the solo travel experiences of Brazilian women in Europe, with an emphasis on the gender dynamics that shape their perceptions of agency, freedom, and safety. The increase in female participation in solo tourism reflects socioeconomic changes that have provided women with greater autonomy; however, challenges still persist, such as the sexualization of their bodies and experiences of harassment, which affect their perceptions of freedom and safety. Using a qualitative approach grounded in critical theory, the research aims to understand how gender dynamics influence these women's experiences during solo travel. The methodology involved a literature review, data collection through questionnaires and semi-structured interviews, and a critical data analysis, allowing for the identification of complex power relations that shape travel experiences. The results indicate that, by revealing their nationality, Brazilian women often face stereotypes of hypersexualization and submissiveness, leading to situations of discrimination and harassment. However, these experiences also challenge patriarchal norms, enhancing the women’s perceptions of autonomy, freedom, and self-esteem, and highlight their resistance to gender domination in the tourism context. Based on the findings, the research proposes guidelines for institutional strategies that could contribute to the reinterpretation of gender power relations in the context of solo female travel.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Grandes projetos urbanos, segregação social e condições da moradia em Belém e Manaus
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-06-27) CRUZ, Sandra Helena Ribeiro; SÁ, Maria Elvira Rocha de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9993934259448457; CASTRO, Edna Maria Ramos de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4702941668727146
The central object of the research that led to this thesis was to analyze the segregation effects that cause large urban projects on the living conditions in Amazonian cities of Belém and Manaus. Adopt the projections theoretical interpret urban dynamics as a product of capital accumulation and generates social apartheid, a perspective that allow compare of urban interventions in these two cities. In each of these cities large urban projects are being implemented. For purposes of this study the experiences of the Portal Project Amazon, in Belém city, Pará state, and Environmental Sanitation Program Streams of Manaus (PROSAMIM), in Manaus city, Amazonas state, were analyzed as the experiences of large urban projects in the Amazon Region. The theoretical and methodological had the contribution of the theories produced by the French Sociological School of reflections Anglo-Saxon and Brazil, allowing the construction of critical thinking about the logic that permeates the major urban projects in cities of the Amazon Region. To this chosen operating procedure of the type-quality quantitative, in primary and secondary data the main sources of information, materialized by historical documents, official statistics, direct observation and interviews with leaders of the movement in defense of the housing and urban reform, residents of areas affected directly and indirectly by the programs under study and agents of public bodies. The main results are that in Amazonian cities the process of urbanization has been occurring since the late nineteenth century with the advent of the economy gomífera, intensifying from the military coup of 1964 when they were strengthened processes of exploitation of natural resources and population density with consequent changes in physical-territorial Belem and Manaus cities. In recent years, the two cities are following the trend of globalization of capital, by adopting the large urban projects as the main strategy of urban renewal, with technical and financial support of the Interamerican Development Bank (IDB). Finally, these results showed segregation effects determined by the implementation of major urban projects, since the actions of compulsory displacement negatively impacted the living conditions and work of significant fractions of the working classes, making the law inaccessible to the City, both in Belém and Manaus.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O Grito dos silenciados contra a devastação neoliberal na BR-163
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2020) ARAÚJO, Roseane de Seixas Brito; CASTRO, Edna Maria Ramos de
The research aims to analyze the current capitalist accumulation's phase from the intensification of social conflicts in Itaituba, in the Brazilian Amazon, due to the socio economic impact generated by neoliberalism. The municipality's strategic location on the Santarém-Cuiabá highway (BR-163), into the banks of the Tapajós River, in western Pará, it has extraordinary mining reserves it owns, that long has been attracting transnational corporationsinterestslinked to agribusiness, mineral exploring, and construction of large infrastructure work. During the analysis period, from 2007 to 2017, there was a vertiginous growth in the activities linked to these interests, wherein the large public and private investments on the banks of the highway that has shown the neoliberal capitalism's dynamism in recent decades, marked by the association of large capitals around the world, denationalization of state public assets, and economy's financialization. Mainly, are targeted countries and regions that, like Brazil and the Amazon, have a rich natural heritage, weak environmental management, flexible rules and legislation, in a historical context aggravated by fragile democracy and disrespect for social and ethnic rights. Moreover, the highway is a part of a major axis of agricultural production to circulate commodities, which led to the construction of large port structures, in a multimodal transport logistics to enable the shipment of production to world markets. More, the agricultural and mineral neo-extractivism practiced without limits in the region also requires large infrastructures for energy production, which implies the construction of hydroelectric plants. Thus, if the Tapajós's Hydroelectric Complex mega-project is carried out by the federal government, the lives and work of thousands of people will be rendered unfeasible, and the surrounding nature will be destroyed, causing immeasurable proportions of socio- environmental damages. These are the priorities of the neoliberal agenda that reinforce Brazil's subordinate position in world geopolitics, as a producer of raw materials to serve the industrialized countries at the center of capitalism. International laws and agreements signed by the country have been systematically violated to favor the accumulation of the region's wealth. In this sense, the Brazilian State acts as a participant in the power games controlled by the dominant countries worldwide, leading the region to disastrous impasses. Such dynamism overlaps and enhances structural and historical problems, such as the grabbing of public lands, lack of environmental control, violence, arbitrariness, and disinvestment in smallholder production, producing more and more concentration of wealth, which generates poverty and misery to life and work of most of the populations from the region. From this, the theoretical- methodological perspective of the research combines the propositions from Bourdieu (1983; 1989; 1997) and Foucault (1999), and has a qualitative perspective, by using semi-structured interviews with different social actors in the region, combining also a documentary analysis. The investigation purposes to identify as has been the organization of the counter-reactions to neocolonialism domination, under the leadership of indigenous people, traditional communities, social movements, and workers, together with the investigation that leads understanding the importance of 'the locality' to provoke displacement of power and impose the recognition of territorial and socio-cultural rights. The results point to the strengthening of resistance networks, which urgently demand the aggregation of other political forces from the counter-hegemonic field.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Hidrelétricas em Rondônia: tempos e conflitos nas águas do Madeira
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-11-28) SILVA, José Guilherme Carvalho da; CASTRO, Edna Maria Ramos de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4702941668727146
This thesis is based on the conception that the universe, our society and ourselves experience different life spans inextricably interwoven. It means that past, present and future cannot be understood apart from each other and / or as a sequence of steps. However, modernity has established the idea which time is linear, uniform, eternal and universal. Such perspective has become hegemonic in our society and, moreover, adopted the concept that time is ascendant and progressive. The work presented here seeks to demonstrate that thinking the time into this way imposes barriers to intelligibility of the world we live in; both in social phenomena and nature. On the basis of distinct theoretical contributions from Physics, History, Sociology and Geography, among other sciences, the assumptions of modernity are questioned over the time, so that it is introduced another viewpoint concerned about the three temporal dimensions in a plural and integrated aspect. In consequence of this analytical course, it is raised to discuss pasts, presents and futures, as well as randomness and uncertainty are considered as integrated part of history itself. In regard to this framework, it is possible to analyze the conflicts arisen from the construction of Santo Antônio and Jirau hydropowers in the Madeira River, in the state of Rondônia, the repercussions on regional populations, especially on coastal communities. The clashes fought by these people against companies and other stakeholders in the erection of dams are named as temporal conflicts. The focal point of this reflection deals with multiplicity of time and temporal conflicts which are current in waters of the Madeira River.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Histórias contracoloniais em Abaetetuba e Barcarena: grafias de vida e resistência do ser-em-comum na Amazônia
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-06-26) GUERREIRO NETO, Guilherme Imbiriba; CASTRO, Edna Maria Ramos de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4702941668727146
This thesis proposes listening and assembling counter-colonial stories told by leadership from traditional territories of Abaetetuba and Barcarena, located at Baixo Tocantins, an ancient-occupied region of the Amazon, invaded by industrial and logistical enterprises derived from the mining and agribusiness sectors. The research consists of two parts: the book Vidas em Confluência: day-to-day and struggle in Abaetetuba and Barcarena communities, with stories and life tales about the lives of eight living storytellers, mainly women of black and indigenous descent from six traditional communities; the discussion about history writing and worldview wars in the Amazon, neocolonial death tales of capital and State powers while also reassembling the life tales that make up the book. The thesis starts from the following issue: how do crossed life tales from leaderships that live on traditional communities threatened/hit by colonial-capitalist progress in Abaetetuba and Barcarena weave existence, conflicts and resistance in a way to converge, by diversity and contrast, towards shaping collective-beings in the Amazon? This question unfolds into two objectives, each one complying with each part of the thesis: (1) composing a crossed narrative using speeches and writing from the lives of community leaderships of Abaetetuba and Barcarena, that retells and reshapes stories from the collective-being in the Amazon, with its junctions and distinctions; (2) analyze the tension between life tales of the collective-being and death tales of capital and State powers in Barcarena and Abaetetuba that arise from counter-colonial thoughts and stories. The methodological path crosses worlds using cosmo-hearing, crosses languages using memory transcription and delivers a crossed composition/assembly of the stories in two ways: with a narrative quality in the book and with an analytical quality in the deduction. The hypothesis is that the methodological disruption brought up by the thesis allows to: (1) identify reproductions of the colonial event and converge to new counter-colonial entries to reshape stories from the Amazon; (2) understand thoughts and tales that surface as potential resistance to total violence and traces of existence in the midst of colonial-capitalist ruins
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A importância da definição das áreas de influência(AI's) no licenciamento ambiental para a sociedade - estudo de caso: as minas de caulim no município de Ipixuna do Pará-PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2009) CARVALHO, Salma Saráty de; CASTRO, Edna Maria Ramos de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4702941668727146
Research on the relevance of defining areas of influence (AI) to society, approached about Environmental Impact Assessments (EIAs) for projects of mining. We analyzed eleven (11) Environmental Impact Studies, filed with the State Secretariat of Environment - SEMA, involving the decade from 1990 to 2000, and laws and specialized literature. Therefore, it was addressed to mining in the state of Para and the licensing process, defining areas of influence in mining projects and the creation of six criteria, specific to this thesis, with the aim of AI's out in 11 EIA's for the middle anthropic. The test results led to detect the reasons that confirm the relevance of AI's, as well as implications associated with the quality of the EIA and its functionality to society. Seeking grants that strengthen the argument made about the relevance of AI's work has been done in the field of mining of kaolin. These mines have been operating for over 10 years, and it was possible to see some changes in their AI's. The result of the field, confirmed the analysis made in the 11 EIA's, it was clear notice that the decision to select and set the AI's, presented in the EIA's aiming the licensing of mines kaolin, triggering consequences for the local community that can influence the course of life of the licensed project. Finally, there is awakened the need for development of scientific studies that are able to contribute with specific methodologies for the definition of AI's for the Amazon region and thus, treat the licensing process from legislation directed the Para state.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A influência do estado no crescimento da economia do setor mineral: o caso da CVRD de 1942 a 2010
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-05-11) SOUSA, Raimundo Valdomiro de; CASTRO, Edna Maria Ramos de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4702941668727146
This work has as its theme “the influence of the State in the economic growth of the mining sector: the case of the CVRD from 1942 to 2010”. In order to guide this research and the construction of its thesis, the following problems were established: which changes occurred in the legal and institutional plan, in Brazil and in Pará, since 1990, that could be interpreted as part of the constitution process of a new regime of accumulation and how those changes are related to the privatization process and to the mining growth under the CVRD or Vale management? As March theoretical, worked with the categories of analysis regime of accumulation and mode of regulation, considering the contributions of Lipetz (1988) and Harvey (1998) called the regulation school. The objective was to understand the changes in the economy and in the legislation, in Pará and in Brazil, as a transition from the scheme of accumulation and mode of regulation Fordist-Keynesiano to a new scheme called flexible accumulation. Was selected a set of events to be analyzed as part of the transition mode of regulation: -Economic stabilization plan; -Constitutional Reform (1995); -Complementary Law nº 87/96 (Law Kandir); -Provisional Measure nº 2166/67 which created the concept of works of public utility; -Conama Resolution nº 369 on Mining Permanent Preservation Area; -Fiscal Responsibility Law; -Port Modernization Law. Other events were selected and analyzed as part of a new regime of accumulation: Public investment in construction of the infrastructure of transport and energy;-privatization in Brazil, including CVRD and its subsequent expansion, along with economic growth of the mining sector. It was concluded that, with influence of the state for the stabilization of a new regime of accumulation, which deepens the profile primary export economy in the Pará. In 2010, when the mining sector contributed 86% of total exports, this the total mining industry participated with 77% and the transformation industry with 23%. In the period 2002 to 2007, the mining industry participated with 60% and the transformation industry with 40% of exports. The CVRD or Vale, in Para, since 2010, has prioritized the export of primary products, particularly iron ore, reducing its participation in the transformation industry through the transfer to Norsk Hidro of its actions in the Albras, Alunorte and Companhia de Alumína do Pará.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Mandatos nacionales y realidades locales: análisis de la política pública del agua en la frontera amazónica
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-05-16) CHINDOY, María Ernestina Garreta; CASTRO, Edna Maria Ramos de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4702941668727146
Comparative analysis of public water policy in Colombia and Brazil and its effects on Amazonian border areas like Leticia and Tabatinga has allowed understanding power relations established between State and Society. Therefore, drinking water becomes a tension element between the administrative authorities and the different actors that need adequate water for consumption. Space that inherited social inequalities resulting from their peripheral status, from its location on the margins of State. So, our purpose is to analyze the national public water policy in Colombia and Brazil, and its effects on municipal context in Amazonian border urban areas (Leticia and Tabatinga). From an interdisciplinary perspective, based mainly on reflexive sociology and political science, as well as social mapping and conducting interviews, it reveals that the effects of national public policies for water in territory analyzed contradict its effectiveness in these local contexts.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Mercado imobiliário e verticalização de empreendimentos residenciais na produção da segregação socioespacial em Belém
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-06-12) CARDOSO, Welson de Sousa; CASTRO, Edna Maria Ramos de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4702941668727146
The general objective of this research was to analyze the processes of expansion of the real estate market with an emphasis on verticalization in Belém and its repercussions on the (re) production of social and spatial segregation, which was developed in the following specific objectives: Identify the levels of expansion of the real estate market from Of social and economic factors determining different levels of socio-spatial segregation in Belém; Analyze the logic of the real estate market in the city of Belém and the production of segregative processes and socio-spatial inequalities, with emphasis on the (re) configuration of verticalization; Analyze from socio-spatial indicators, conditioning processes of the relationship between trends in real estate verticalization and the pattern of urban segregation in Belém, contextualizing the socio-historical and economic particularities of the Amazon, which determine this relationship. In order to achieve these objectives, I opted for a methodology that would allow the object to be unraveled with a quantitative approach, through socio-spatial indicators constructed from the elaboration of four (4) databases, whose intersection resulted in the construction of 34 urban socio-spatial indicative indicators of the process of verticalization and socio-spatial segregation in the city of Belém. The option for the dialectic approach was the possibility of analyzing the object of research in a methodological perspective of totality, based on the main works produced by social scientists of the French Sociological School, in addition to American Sociology Contemporary studies that develop studies on the relation between the State and capitalist urbanization, as well as contemporary Brazilian authors, who take as object of investigation the city and the processes of urban and regional development planning. The analysis of the research results point out that the occupation of the urban space in Belém by verticalization deepens the socio-spatial segregation, consequently, the unequal appropriation of the urban land by the capital in detriment of the working class, finally inserts the housing in the logic of the financial capital. The occurrence of the relationship between the reproduction of segregation from verticalization not only reinforces segregation, but also induces the State to contribute to its deepening, when in different spaces of the city it foments verticalization tendencies concentrated in the segments of high income, guaranteeing the Supply of urban infrastructure in areas coveted by the real estate market.