Navegando por Orientadores "COSTA, Maria Cristina dos Santos"

Agora exibindo 1 - 13 de 13

Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Atributos funcionais como características distintivas de comunidades: o que diferencia anuros do Cerrado e da Caatinga?
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-01) SANTOS, Mayra Caroliny de Oliveira; COSTA, Maria Cristina dos Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1580962389416378
Environmental conditions influence the distribution of organisms and modify functional characteristics. These characteristics may be morphological, behavioral, and physiological with a function. We evaluated the taxonomic and functional diversity of anurans in Cerrado and Caatinga environments in Piauí, Brazil. The anurans were collected in Floriano Municipality in the Cerrado area with cerradão phytophysiognomy and in Alvorada do Gurguéia municipality in the Caatinga with a arboreal caatinga phytophysiognomy. The sampling method was visual encounter and acoustic survey between January and April of 2018. We established six plots at least 500 meters distant between them in each location. The species composition was verified by PCoA and PERMANOVA analysis. For functional diversity, it was used the Rao’s quadratic entropy. The RLQ and the fourth-corner method related the traits to the environmental characteristics. The results showed separation and difference in the composition of the species according to the different areas. Cerrado and Caatinga phytophysiognomies showed differences in functional diversity values of anurans. Cerrado area had relation with the temperature and precipitation and the Caatinga area with the litter. The anuran composition was affected by environmental variables, but the influence on functional traits composition was not significant. Then, the composition was influenced by the environment and the distinctions between phytophysiognomies, such as the rainy season and quantity of microhabitats, were important for the differences in functional traits of anurans species, and consequently on functional diversity
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação dos efeitos da plantação de palmas (Elaeis guineensis) na conservação de anuros na Amazônia oriental
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-06-30) CORREA, Fabricio Simões; JUEN, Leandro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1369357248133029; COSTA, Maria Cristina dos Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1580962389416378
In this thesis, we analyzed the effects of oil palm cultivation (Elaeis guineensis) on taxonomic and functional diversity of anurans in the eastern Amazon. In addition, we analyzed the response of anurans to environmental variation in oil palm plantations and surrounding forests. We surveyed for the presence of anurans in April 2012, 2015 and 2016, in 2100 m² plots through visual and acoustic searches. In April 2016, we also measured microclimatic (air temperature and humidity) and habitat structural variables (water body width and depth, leaf litter depth, canopy openness and number of trees) in both habitat types. We found higher functional diversity and species richness in forests, with difference in species composition and functional characters distribution between forests and oil palm plantations. Water body depth and width positively affected species richness and number of individuals, while water body depth and diurnal temperature influenced species composition in oil palm plantations. Only number of individuals was positively affected by diurnal temperature and nocturnal humidity in forests, while species composition and richness were not affected by any environmental variable in this habitat type. Our results make clear that conversion of forests to oil palm plantations negatively affects anurans taxonomic and functional diversity, making urgent the maintenance of forests surrounding the plantations as a way to reduce the negative impacts.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Biologia reprodutiva e alimentar de Liophis reginae semilineatus (Wagler,18424) e Liophis taeniogaster jan, 1863 (Serpentes, Colubridae, Xenodontinae) da Amazônia oriental, Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2007) CASTRO, Luiz Paulo Printes Albarelli de; COSTA, Maria Cristina dos Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1580962389416378
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Composição, ecologia e história natural das serpentes de uma região de transição Amazônia - Cerrado, Mato grosso, Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010) ABE, Pedro Santos; COSTA, Maria Cristina dos Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1580962389416378
This study aimed to document the composition and natural history of a community of snakes recorded at Tanguro Farm, Querência municipality, State of Mato Grosso, Brazil, an area which represents a transition between two major neotropical biomes, Amazonia and Cerrado. Six expeditions to the study site were carried out, resulting in the record of 203 specimens (194 captures), distributed in 34 species, 26 genera and 8 families. An estimate based in the incidence of rare species (Jackknife 1) indicated a total richness of 38 species in the study site, which demonstrate that the inventory was relatively exhaustive. The most abundant species were Caudisona durissa (N=50), Philodryas olfersii (N=15), Philodryas nattereri (N=13), Xenodon rabdocephalus (N=12), Lachesis muta (N=10) e Liophis almadensis (N=10). A Principal Coordinates Analysis (PCO) demonstrated that the taxocenosis are superimposed, revealing a trend to formation of three distinct groups: Amazonia’s, Cerrado´s and Mata Atlantica´s taxocenosis. The species composition at Tanguro Farm was intermediary between the groups formed by Amazonian and Cerrado species, occurring species with wide distribution ranges as well as species restrict to either Amazonia or Cerrado. The pattern of habitat use of the studied taxocenosis is terrestrial, followed by semi-arboreous and fossorial. With regards to the feeding strategies, there are a predominance of generalist snake species. An analysis of ecological groupings showed four functional groups, suggesting that the taxocenosis complexity could be explained by ecological and historical factors.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Dieta e uso de hábitat por Physalaemus ephippifer (Steindachner, 1864) (Anura: Leptodactylidae) na Amazônia Oriental
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013) RODRIGUES, Lenise Chagas; COSTA, Maria Cristina dos Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1580962389416378
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Ecologia trófica e espacial de Dendropsophus melanargyreus (Cope, 1887), D. minutus (Peters, 1871) e Scinax ruber (Laurenti, 1768) (Anura: Hylidae) em um fragmento Florestal na Amazônia oriental
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-04-20) BARROS, Rafael de Assis; COSTA, Maria Cristina dos Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1580962389416378
Three key factors determine the main niche of the species: diet, use of space and time. The trophic and spatial niche show an important role in the reproductive success of frog species than cohabit restricted environments as temporary ponds. The target species of this study are common in temporary ponds in areas of urban fragments located in the eastern Amazon region. With this, our main objective were analyse how three species of sintopics hylids, share the trophic and spatial resources among themselves, and what mechanisms are used to avoid potential competition. For this, we use different measures and diet analyses and habitat use, and test whether the species are sensitive to environmental and structural factors in ponds where they occur. None of the factors (diet, use of space, influence of environmental factors) was limiting to the coexistence of the species, due no there are negative interaction between them. The studied hylids utilized several strategies than help reduce overlap among the species, how the use of different microhabitats, perches at different heights, ponds with different depths, using different degrees of food importance to items shared by species and the use of unique food items of each specie. In addition, environmental and structural factors of microhabitats, influence directly the abundance of two of the species studied, regulating their population size and auxiliary in their reproductive period.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Ecologia trófica e reprodutiva de Phyllomedusa hypochondrialis (Daudin, 1802) (Hylidae, Phyllomedusinae) na Amazônia Oriental, Pará, Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011) SILVA FILHO, Heriberto Figueira da; COSTA, Maria Cristina dos Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1580962389416378
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
História natural do lagarto partenogenético Leposoma percarinatum (Squamata: Gymnophthalmidae) em floresta amazônica, Pará, Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012) DIAS, Dina-Mara; COSTA, Maria Cristina dos Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1580962389416378
To understand the ecological role that each species play in their habitat, basic studies of natural history, involving questions about habitat use, trophic and reproductive ecology, are necessary. Aiming to characterize the activity, microhabitat use, diet and reproduction patterns of a population of Leposoma percarinatum (Muller, 1923), we analyzed individuals collected in two areas of the “Floresta Nacional de Caxiuanã” (PPBio and ECFPn), on the municipalities of Melgaço and Portel, Pará state. In order to do that, we analyzed the composition and importance of food items, microhabitat use, period of activity, reproductive cycle and fecundity of the species. L. percarinatum is a component of the humid leaf litter near water bodies. It is a diurnal species of lizard, with period of actibvity between 0800h and 1700h. With a generalist feeding habit, it feeds on arthropods, with Hymenoptera, Coleoptera and Araneae being the most important items, without significant differences on the alimentary index between dry and rainy season. It has a continuous reproductive cycle and the clutch size is up to two eggs, where larger females tend to produce larger eggs.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Influência das variáveis ambientais na comunidade de anuros de florestas de Terra-Firme na Amazônia Oriental
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013) GONÇALVES, Alinne Nayara Negrão; COSTA, Maria Cristina dos Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1580962389416378
The knowledge of environmental variability assists in predictions about how changes in abiotic environment could affect species distribution. In this study, we evaluated the influence of environmental variables in the composition of frogs communities on local and regional scale from three preserved areas of rainforest mainland: Amapá National Forest, Tapajós National Forest and Caxiuanã National Forest. During the rainy season, between January and April 2012, a total of 56 plots were installed, and we survived for amphibians once on each plot, using simultaneously auditive and visual surveys. The environmental variables collected were: leaf litter height, canopy openness, length at breast height of trees and tree density, air temperature and moisture. In each area the species composition was not affected by canopy openness, leaf litter height and length at breast height of trees. On a regional scale, moisture, temperature, leaf litter height and canopy openness influenced the species composition of the community. The partial redundancy analysis for each area did not indicate significant influence of distance and environmental variables locally, but regionally showed that both distance and environmental variables may influence the community.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Influência dos fatores ambientais na diversidade e modos reprodutivos de anuros em área de floresta de transição, Mato Grosso
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010) BITAR, Youszef Oliveira da Cunha; COSTA, Maria Cristina dos Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1580962389416378
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Recursos alimentares e local de forrageio de três espécies de Helicops wagler, 1830 (Serpentes: Dipsadidae) na Amazônia Oriental, Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012) TEIXEIRA, Cássia de Carvalho; MONTAG, Luciano Fogaça de Assis; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4936237097107099; COSTA, Maria Cristina dos Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1580962389416378
Close related species that coexist in the same environment with similarities in the use of resources are potentially competitors. Therefore, it is expected that they present differentiation in some of the main axes of their ecological niche. Helicops angulatus, H. hagmanni and H. polylepis are abundant species found in the state of Pará, Eastern Amazonia, and they are sintopic sometimes, what suggests that these species present some variation in their diet or in the foraging place. This work aimed to verify variations in the composition of the diet, the width and overlap of food niche, as well as variations in the foraging place, based on ecomorphological characteristics of the consumed fishes of three species of the genus Helicops in the Eastern Amazonia, Pará state. We verified that the three species of snake possess similar diet composition, however, the proportions in that the items are consumed differ between them. Helicops angulatus is the most generalist species and H. hagmanni the most specialist. The food niche overlap between the three species was intermediate. In agreement with ecomorphological data of the fishes consumed by H. angulatus, H. hagmanni and H. polylepis, it can be concluded that these species forage in the same place, that would be the medium and superior strata of the water column, especially in the lentic waters of the margins. The coexistence of those species can be favored by the abundance of the consumed resources.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Sobreposição de nicho de duas espécies simpátricas de Arthrosaura (Squamata: Gymnophthalmidae), na Floresta Nacional de Caxiuanã, Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012) SILVA, Kleiton Rodolfo Alves da; COSTA, Maria Cristina dos Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1580962389416378
In general, species with phylogenetic relationship use resources in similar ways and can be potential competitors. However, they can diverge in one of the three axis of the ecological niche; it may be at temporal axis, spatial and/or trophic axis. Those differences can be determinant for the existence of these populations. Assuming that these populations of Arthrosaura have had contact and that maybe has niche overlap, which strategies these species use to minimize the competition? Based on that, this study has the aim to investigate the spatial, temporal and trophic niche of these populations of Arthrosaura kockii e Arthrosaura reticulata in two sites at Caxiuanã’s National Forest. This is located between Melgaço and Portel county, Pará state, Brazil. Where were made three expeditions. The specimens were collected with the active search mode that began at 06:00 hours a.m and ended at 18:00 hours. Were collected data on 107 of A. kockii and 115 of A. reticulata of these, 107 and 113 had prey items in the digestive system, respectively. Stomachs were removed and the prey items were separated carefully and after were identified at the lowest taxonomic level. Were counted 26 prey items, which 25 were consumed by A. reticulata and 14 by A. kockii. Arthrosaura reticulata has a bigger niche breadth at the raining months and transitional months, A. kockii has a bigger niche breadth at the raining months and at drier months. The most important prey items consumed by A. reticulata were Araneae, Blattaria, Orthoptera-Gryllidae and Homopera, for A. kockii were Araneae, Blattaria, Orthoptera-Gryllidae and Isoptera. A. reticulata has a longer activity period initiating at 07: 50 am and ends at 5 pm, and has its peak of activity was between 09:00 hours and 14:30 hours. This specie was considered non-heliotherm. A. kockii had a smaller activity period, starting at 08:40 hours and ending at 15:25 hours and its peak of activity was between 10:00 hours and 14:30 hours. This specie was considered heliotherm. A. reticulata was found at the leaf litter with height between 2.5 cm and 13 cm, above and below this it was not found. A. kockii was found at the leaf litter with height between 1.5 cm and 10 cm, above and below those values it was not found. A. reticulata was found at many forest environments, near the water at low forest and at the terra firme forest, but A. kockii was only found at the terra firme forest. The deepness of the leaf litter and the distance from the water were important to the species distribution.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Turnover de anuros da Amazônia, perspectivas em multi escalas e habitats
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-03-31) BITAR, Youszef Oliveira da Cunha; JUEN, Leandro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1369357248133029; COSTA, Maria Cristina dos Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1580962389416378
Understanding the processes involved in the species spatial distribution and the reasons leading to compositional dissimilarities among sites (turnover) have been studied on different scales and habitats. In the present study, we investigated the factors affecting frogs turnover from three different perspectives. In our first chapter of this thesis, entitled "Anuran beta diversity in the mosaic anthropogenic landscape in transitional Amazon", we tested how five environments, classified according to their human pressure, can structure frogs turnover. Sampling units (SU) on this first chapter are located in a ecotone between the Amazon and Cerrado biomes, also known as "Arc of deforestation". We observed that the conversion of forested areas (riparian forests) in open environments (monoculture of grains and rubber tree) result substitution of the original species and low turnover rates, something we can call faunal homogenization. However, the concept that turnover may change over structurally different environments is not new, specially if they have a strong degradation gradient, as found in the study area. Thus, in the second chapter of this thesis, "Species turnover in Amazonian frogs: Low predictability and large differences among terra firme forests", we seek to identify how environmental and spatial variation contribute to structure communities in well preserved terra-firme forests in Amazonia. The SU for this second chapter are located over three conservation units (National Forests of Amapá, Caxiuanã and Tapajós). We observed that, despite considered within the same class (terra firme), each community responds to a singular set of environmental variables. Testing the factors influencing species turnover over different scales, we observed that both the portion explained by environment and space had greater explanatory power (r2) in regional scales when compared within each of the areas (local scale). Another interesting result was that the spatial component showed no significant influence on Caxiuanã community, where only 3% of turnover was accounted for by any of the measured environmental factors. Finally, on third chapter titled "How differences in anuran reproductive modes can affect their turnover: Comparing scales and habitats", we discusses how frogs with different reproductive modes respond to environmental and spatial variations, comparing these processes in terra firme and varzea forests. Additionally, we evaluated species probability of occurrence along measured environmental gradients. The SU in this chapter are located in three areas of terra firme 12 forest (the same as in Chapter 2) and two areas of varzea (Sustainable Development Reserve Mamirauá and Amana). Species with aquatic oviposition were prevalent in varzea, while there was a higher proportion species laying on the vegetation in Caxiuanã and more species with terrestrial reproduction in Amapá and Tapajós when compared to the other areas. By dividing the species according to their reproductive modes, clearer response patterns were observed. Also, we can assert that changes in environmental characteristics appear as major turnover driver and are important in all scales, while the spatial distance is more evident at larger scales. Thus, we can conclude that in disturbed areas faunal homogenization decreases species turnover, due to the conversion of forests into open and less heterogeneous areas. Moreover, we also observed that even in areas within the same classification and without human disturbances, there are great differences in turnover partitioning patterns, which can be assigned to a specific set spatial and environmental factors inherent to each area, in addition to species with different reproductive modes.