Navegando por Orientadores "MARTINS, Paulo Fernando da Silva"

Agora exibindo 1 - 8 de 8

Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Crédito e pecuária bovina leiteira em assentamentos da reforma agrária em Marabá-Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-02-29) PEREIRA, Taynã Zandely da Silva; MARTINS, Paulo Fernando da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3223618156268542
The agrarian changes occurred in the Amazon region after the settlements and programs creation to support family farmers deserve to be addressed, especially the implications they have in the expansion of pastures and increased deforestation on the one hand, and the expectation that these changes may influence farmers to stay in the same area keeping their production systems. This work presents research results of two settlements of Agrarian Reform located in the town of Maraba-Para at different historical contexts. Relationships between rural credits, implantation of pasture and cattle activity were analyzes. It also evaluates the current situation and prospects of farmers who develop this activity remain on their lots. Uses observation in loco, surveys and interweaver and statistical comparisons to compare groups of establishments with and without credit, with or without the sale of milk, and to assess the differences between indicators of deployment pasture and livestock activities to identify which variables best justify the progress of implementation of pastures as well as of production, productivity and the sale of milk. The increase of pastures implantation is more closely linked to size farm and the time elapsed from first implantation of pasture and less of the credit, but milk production is higher when credit is present. The expansion of livestock by establishment of agrarian reform is hampered by the extensive form of development of this activity, which weakens the perspective of farmers remain on their lots with implications with advancement upon new forested areas and the rural exodus.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Entre leiras e labaredas: a adoção da roça sem queima pelos agricultores do Município de Lago do Junco - MA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-08-03) MATOS, Francinaldo Ferreira de; MARTINS, Paulo Fernando da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3223618156268542
This work evaluates why extractive family farmers of COOPALJ (Small Farmers Agroextractive Cooperative of the Lago do Junco municipality, Maranhão state) accepted to practice cultivation without burning while others rejected it, and why some initially accepted it and then gave it up. The cultivation without burning is a technical encouraged by ASSEMA (Association for Settlement Areas in the Maranhão state) and pursues the babauçu-trees preservation and the sustainability of small farms. The research utilized the hypothetical deductive method supported by semi-structured interviews and not participative observation. The results pointed that farmers that accepted the no-burning cultivation as a technical innovation were those with agricultural production systems likely to suffer various degrees of integration, while for those who rejected the technical innovations there were a high risk of transformation of production system and that could not be overcome. For the farmers that persisted, the non-burn cultivation is not an alternative in relation to burning cultivation but its complement for meet partially the technical, social, environmental and productive goals, negotiated with the cooperative. These innovations include partials acceptation or rejection, dropping or persistence and the farmers can to appropriate of them, transform them and used them in other agricultural activities on the property. On the other hand, adopting or rejecting of non-burning cultivation is associated, respectively, with balance between labor and consumption or imbalance in the agricultural system for meet the food needs of family members, the abandonment of non-burning is associated with increase of imbalance between labor and consumption after the adoption, and the persistence with the increase of balance. Even farmers who have rejected the non-burning cultivation or give it up, includes fields burned with practices from the non-burning cultivation in degrees and different farm activities.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Manejo de população de açaizeiro (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) em parcelas de produção de frutos em área de várzea
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-05-31) AGUIAR, Amália Gabriela Rocha; SIMÕES, Aquiles Vasconcelos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0471255070027912; MARTINS, Paulo Fernando da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3223618156268542
The management of the açaí stem is done with the objective of increase fruit production and is given by the elimination of the little productive stems or surpluses stems, as well as others of their surroundings, for the purpose of reduce ecological competition for water, light and nutrients. The objective of the research was to contribute with the sustainable management of acai from the study of the relation between the different forms of management and the production of fruits. The study was carried out in three management parcels adopted in an area of one producer selected from among the 6 producers visited in the community of Manoel Raimundo, district of Janua Coeli in the municipality of Cametá, the case, therefore, of an establishment in peasant environment. From a qualitative and quantitative approach, as well as methodological procedures such as: observation and analysis of the landscape, interviews, forms and semi-random sampling it was possible to identify and select the management parcels through different management modes in relation to plant density control practices due to the thinning of stems in the acai plant, the elimination or thinning of the accompanying vegetation. Considering the management history of the parcels they were taken as treatment and called: Parcel 1 (Farmer management), Parcel 2 (Management of technical guidance) and Parcel 3 (Extractivism). Inside of each of them were demarcated with pickets three subparcels with dimensions of 6 m x 12 m each that corresponded the repetitions of the experiment. They were incurred samples to characterize the plant population morphologically through the indicators: number of açai palm per area, number of stems per plant of açai palm, number of bunches per stem, number of rachis per bunch, number of fruit per rachis and fruit weight. The data collected at the sites refer to the accompanying plants, the acai plants, pH and soil moisture. The results showed high variability of the indicators studied in the parcels and in the repetitions. Besides that, three forms of thinning of stems were identified, being classified as light, strong and without thinning. The research concludes that there is a thinning intensity in açaí plants in floodplain areas which results in a rhythm of production proportional to the control of thinning of stems and points to management as the main factor of fruit yield.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Relações do manejo do açaizeiro com as mudanças da vegetação e com a economia do estabelecimento familiar ribeirinho em várzeas na comunidade de Manoel Raimundo, Cametá, PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017) PINTO ROJAS, Carlos; MARTINS, Paulo Fernando da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3223618156268542
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Transformação dos sistemas técnicos da agricultura familiar camponesa em Cametá, Pará: a intervenção da Associação Paraense de Apoio as Comunidades Carentes (APACC)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-08-26) SCALABRIN, Andreia Cristine; SIMÕES, Aquiles Vasconcelos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0471255070027912; MARTINS, Paulo Fernando da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3223618156268542
This paper evaluates the results of APACC'sperformance in the changes made in the productive systems of lowland and upland, with the encouragement and support that this NGO provides agriculturists with the aim of increasing productivity of farms throughout sustainable practices. It is made from the comparison of production of agriculturists who participated of the training program of multipliers and non- participating agriculturists of the APACC training program, seeking to identify the transformations of technical systems of production in the floodplain and uplandenvironments, as they were made by agriculturists and how did the process of change happened. The data collection in the field was made through non-directive exploratory interviews with agriculturists and non-participant observation of production systems. Six agriculturists were interviewed,three of them were multipliers and the other three non-participating neighbors of the training program, following a pre-defined script. The Field observation was made covering the property of each of the agriculturists interviewed, seeking to understand what the proximities and differences relating to crops, diversity of production, the practices of their production processes, as well as the existing technical innovations. It was observed that agroecological practices stimulated by APACC motivated diversification of production bringing a greater diversity of auto-consumption and income. The systems were introduced to pisciculture in the floodplain and the apiculture and horticulture on upland. Agroecological innovations were attempted in cassava production, acai, black pepper and management of shrubbery forests. The innovations did not result in higher productivity of cassava from those who adopted in relation to their neighbors, while the productivity of acai showed greater effects of management practices on the floodplain environment.The pisciculture and apiculture, of theintroduced systems, were those that stood out for income generation. It was found that the amount of area and labor are essential conditions for the adoption of new production systems and the development of agroecological and technological innovations encouraged.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A várzea está para peixe: viabilidade socioeconômica da piscicultura praticada na Bacia do Aricurá, Cametá, Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-05-30) SILVA JUNIOR, Walmiro Amador da; MARTINS, Paulo Fernando da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3223618156268542
From the decade 1980, in response to the reduction of fish stocks of the lower Tocantins farmers they began to breed fish in captivity, through excavated nursery in floodplains which the creators call tank. Because it in an activity introduced recently production system, it is aimed through this work to investigate whether the introduction caused changes in the socioeconomic aspects of rural establishments. The search it was made in the district Seat of the municipality of Cametá, more precisely in the river basin Aricurá that has bayous Ajó and Merajuba as its tributaries. The study área stands out through the diversity in the ecosystem in the presence of floodplains and land. The study involved 18 establishments and it was carried out in 3 stages. In the first was elaborated a typology of the production system. In the second stage, already with the formation of two types, one formed by establishment presenting floodplain area and land, and the other with establishments presenting only area in floodplain, was selected 4 establishments to represent each type. In selected establishments were raised technical itineraries of pisciculture, conducted a landscape analysis, interviews about the historical and elaborate a sketch of each establishment. In the third and last stage, to analyze in profundity possible changes in the social relations of work, it conducted a case study of a production unit. In family establishment by virtue of the small size, about 54 ha production occur consortial way. Although of the great diversity, the activities are organized to reduce competition for productive space between them. Therefore, although of the introduction of the pisciculture make the system even more complex, it did not cause the rearrangement of the production áreas, or establishment with availability only floodplains, as those with floodplain and land. Per other side, there was a reduction in the intensity and workforce recruitment applied to water extraction (fishing and captures shrimp) this before was practiced almost every night, now it carried out about three days a week. Another thing importante important is that when the creation started to be planned to meet the local market, the fish originating from pisiculture it became a ticket to the market and income generator with effects on capital circulation, assuming the role, that before was only of aquatic products. The pisciculture practiced in floodplain by family farmers have secured the socioeconomic reproduction of the family group without there is competition for labor and space and can be developed without environmental impact.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Várzea ou terra firme? A (re) produção do sistema família- estabelecimento na microbacia do Aricurá- Cametá- Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-03-26) AMARAL, Ana Julia Mourão Salheb do; SANTOS, Sônia Maria Simões Barbosa Magalhães; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2136454393021407; MARTINS, Paulo Fernando da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3223618156268542
Várzea and terra firme environments are used by populations inhabiting the Amazonian floodplains, and often residents may or may not simultaneously dispose of these two environments, which require differentiated survival strategies. On farmers´ properties, acai palms (Euterpe oleracea Mart.), have increased due to the expansion of national and international markets. The Aricurá River, tributary of the lower course Tocantins forms a micro-basin located to the south of the city of Cametá, state of Pará, which is formed by environments of várzea and terra firme; these environments are sometimes associated to one another; here açaí collection is one of the main activities carried out by residents. Thus, the conditions of this micro-basin allow us to approach, in one landscape unit, how these environments are used by families and what relevant factors operate in terms of exploration, especially those related to the production of the açai palm, by these families on their rural establishments. In this way, the main objective of this research was to evaluate the influence of the availability of floodplain areas for productive activities, especially the production of açaí fruits, and in the socioeconomic reproduction of the family-establishment system. Research used a dual approach, one a productive technical and another of socioeconomic nature, this junction being considered a differentiated element of the current project. Research was carried out in eleven agricultural establishments distributed between the communities of Aricurá and Ajó; field research was done in three stages. Data collection involved different elements and categories: social, economic, epistemic and agronomic according to the requirement of the objectives and the hypotheses; the following categories of analysis were included: historical and the life dynamics of the residents of the communities; family income; labor relation (relation UT / UC) and labor used; use and management of establishments; production systems; landscape analysis. Plant diversity and palm bunch thinning index. Research shows that in the Aricurá micro-basin three factors are of great relevance, acting on the possibilities for natural resource use carried out by the families in their rural establishments: the availability of a floodplain environment, family characteristics and açaí as the main production activity.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Viabilidade de estabelecimentos agrícolas da reforma agrária em áreas periurbanas no Município de Castanhal - Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-08-17) SILVA JÚNIOR, Bruno Ribeiro da; HERRERA, José Antonio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3490178082968263; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8249-5024; MARTINS, Paulo Fernando da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3223618156268542
The process of urbanization in rural areas grows throughout the world. In the Brazilian Amazon, the occurrence of this expansion process allows for increased economic performance of farms due to land use intensification and diversification of production in peri-urban settlements. The objective of the research was to evaluate the economic performance of farms, pondering the prospects of farmers as to stay in the Settlement Project Cupiúba. We sampled 30% of the settlers, which corresponds to 65 farms to survey data by applying semi-structured questionnaire. The data refer to various aspects of the characteristics of establishments, including family data, economic data, agricultural practices, hand labor, marketing, basic infrastructure and assets acquired. Data analysis was performed by comparing the average ANOVA - single factor analysis and correlation between variables with simple correlations. In the economic and financial aspects were investigated income-generating activities in agriculture and non-agricultural establishment. Based on the results analyzed, it appears that the establishments if enable the agricultural income while the Chiefs are young, and the receipt of retirement when they are in old age. The viability of agriculture is through the sale of plant products. Both intensification as diversification showed no clear effects on income. Establishments have economic viability and the vast majority is above the level of simple reproduction. The income, which allows the purchase of consumer goods, infrastructure and the proximity of the settlement urban center enable the well-being of families and contribute to the farmers remain in the settlement.