Navegando por Orientadores "PEREIRA JÚNIOR, Antônio"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Ajustes motores compensatórios após lesão isquêmica focal unilateral do trato corticoespinhal
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-06-30) CARVALHO, Walther Augusto de; BAHIA, Carlomagno Pacheco; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0910507988777644; PEREIRA JÚNIOR, Antônio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1402289786010170
The aim of this work was to develop a new model of spinal cord injury caused by focal and unilateral transient ischemia after ET-1 microinjection in the dorsal funiculus and to evaluate the sensorimotor alterations of the anterior paw of rats (Wistar). Fifty (n = 50) animals (CEPAE / UFPA protocol BIO007912), who were trained, thirty-three (n = 33) were selected to compose control (n = 15), sham (n = 6) and injury (n = 12) groups. By using a micropipette, we injected the volume of 250 nL of saline (sham) or endothelin-1 (lesion) near the medial dorsal artery of the cervical segment C4 at a depth of 1 mm from the pial surface of the spinal cord. ET-1 induced cystic cavity formation of 0.421 mm2 (± 0.035 mm2, n = 3) on the corticospinal tract and suprajacent white matter, ipsilateral to the microinjection site that can be measured in cross-sections (50 μm) stained by the Nissl technique. The motor functions of the forepaw were evaluated by specific sensorimotor tests before and after injury at 3, 7 and 14 days. The results were evaluated by the ANOVA statistical test with Tukey post-hoc analysis (α = 0.05). Our results show in pasta test that after injury there is a compensatory motor behavior in which the non-preferential forepaw assumes the functions of the preferential forepaw. The Staircase test revealed a decrease in the ability to grasp the object with the preferred paw and the Contact test showed a decrease in sensitivity of the preferred paw.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise cinemática do mecanismo ação-percepção em seres humanos
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-08-31) SANTOS, Narrery Silva dos; GOMES, Bruno Duarte; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4932238030330851; PEREIRA JÚNIOR, Antônio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1402289786010170
We used a manifold reaching paradigm, in two experiments, to evaluate the lateralization of motor control of arm movements. In the first experiment, we compared the kinematics of reaching movements in a manifold reaching paradigm towards a vertical bar performed with the right and left arm. Capture of kinematic data was performed with a Microsoft Kinect camera while the participants remained seated during the task. In a second experiment, participants estimated the endpoint of a third-person’s arm trajectory performing the same reaching task, but with last one-third of the movement trajectory occluded. This study included 14 individuals of both sexes with a mean age of 24.6 ± 3.9 years. The results corroborate the theory of hemispheric specialization of control of upper limb movements, with the left hemisphere being associated with precision movements and the right hemisphere with supporting movements and being more sensitive to the influence of gravity. Importantly, this difference is also reflected in the mental simulation of arm movement.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise citogenética como bioindicador para pacientes com diagnóstico sugestivo de Alzheimer
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-08-02) NEGRÃO, Igor Patrick Ramos; BAHIA, Carlomagno Pacheco; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0910507988777644; PEREIRA JÚNIOR, Antônio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1402289786010170
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease that causes neuronal death and consequent progressive loss of cognitive functions, reducing the capacity for work, interfering with social relationships and behavior of the patient. Among the diseases that cause dementia, AD is the most frequent nature of the vascular a ratio of 4:1, respectively. In addition to the pharmacological therapies, diagnostic methods assist in the early identification of the disease by helping the pretreatment, thus reduced disease progression. Currently cytogenetic studies have demonstrated chromosomal abnormalities in individuals with AD and may aid in the diagnosis of disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of karyotype analysis of peripheral blood lymphocytes as a diagnostic biomarker of Alzheimer's disease. For this work, we used two groups of women aged 65 or more, one group (10) suffering from AD and other normal group (10). Each subject was submitted to the socioeconomic survey, a cognitive screening test (MMSE) and the Venous blood lymphocyte culture and chromosome analysis. Our results demonstrate that the group of women with AD showed high rate of monosomy and trisomy compared to normal women. Through the study of history via questionnaire, we found the lifestyle of both groups. Compared the relationship of chromosomal abnormalities with the cognitive level of the AD group, we evidenced an inverse trend between the number of monosomy / trisomy and cognitive performance. Another aspect of our analysis was the role of each chromosome linked to AD. Chromosomes 1, 14 and 21 showed no trisomy and verify the frequency of monosomy, each chromosome has frequency below 3 % of aneuploidy, i.e., the chromosomes studied did not have a great importance in chromosomal alterations found in the study.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise morfométrica do sistema auditivo periférico da preguiça (Bradypus variegatus)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010-08-27) SOUSA, Pêssi Socorro Lima de; FRANCO, Edna Cristina Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5939607544965550; PEREIRA JÚNIOR, Antônio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1402289786010170
The mammalian super order Xenarthra is composed of about 31 extant species of armadillos, anteaters and sloths. The tree sloths belong to two genera, Choloepus and Bradypus, which diverged close to 40 million years ago. The similarities between the two taxa, such as the presence of green algae in the fur and the suspensory locomotor ability, are remarkable examples of convergent evolution. The exact location of the xenarthran lineage within the mammalian phylogenetic tree isn’t completely understood yet, with some recent rearrangements of the placental mammal family tree considering xenarthrans to be either most closely related to Afrotheria (that includes shrews, aardvarks, seacows and elephants), or Boreoeutheria (that includes primates, rodents, carnivorans and ungulates). The aim of present work is to describe for the first time the morphological features of both the middle and the inner ear of Bradypus variegatus and compare them to other placental mammals whose data is available in the literature. We used 13 mature postmortem specimens (males and females) and 15 skulls from the collection of the Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi. Than measurements, techniques were used optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and computed tomography. Within the sloths’ phylogenetic tree, the genus Bradypus is positioned as the sister-taxon to all other sloths. Our results show that the morphology of the middle and inner ears of Bradypus variegatus are similar to other mammals with data published in the literature and they present allometric scalation.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Atividade antineoplásica da 1-desoxinojimiricina em modelos de câncer in vitro
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-12) FONSECA, Suzanne Suely Santos da; PEREIRA JÚNIOR, Antônio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1402289786010170; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0808-1058
Cancer is one of the diseases that kill the most in Brazil, with alarming projections until 2030. In view of the problems related to cancer treatment, such as the compromise of healthy cells and, consequently, the presence of adverse effects, it is imperative to seek of alternative substances that may have antineoplastic effects and that are effective in the treatment of patients with this disease. In this way, the use of bioactive compounds has been widely used in the fight against neoplasms. Thus, the substance 1-deoxynojimyricin (1-DNJ) isolated from Bagassa guianensis may have great anticancer potential. In view of the problems related to cancer treatment, such as the impairment of healthy cells and, consequently adverse effects, it is necessary to search alternative substances that may have antineoplastic effects and they are effective in the treatment of patients with this disease. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of 1-deoxynojirimycin (1-DNJ) extracted from wood residue of the species Bagassa guianensis in different cancer cell lines to investigate possible antineoplastic actions in vitro using gastric adenocarcinoma and glioblastoma cancer cell lines. To do that, it was evaluated the effect of the substance 1-deoxynojirimycin on cell viability in vitro after 72h of treatment in cell lines ACP02 and A172. We also evaluated the effect of this bioactive compound on cell migration pattern, cell death by apoptosis and cell cycle changes using flow cytometry and reactive oxygen production. The results showed that 1-deoxynojirimycin makes a significant reduction in cell viability of cancer cell cultures in both glioblastoma (A172) and gastric cancer cell (ACP02) cell lines. The reduction in viability appears to be more effective in glioblastoma cell lines, with a common ic50 much lower when compared to other cell lines. We propose that the reduction in viability may be related to the decrease in reactive oxygen production in both lines after treatment with 1-DNJ. Besides that, 1-DNJ interrupts the cell cycle, prevents cell migration and induces necrosis-like cell death in the ACP02 lineage and apoptosis in the A172 lineage. Therefore, we suggest that 1-deoxynojirimycin may be an important and effective chemopreventive substance for the treatment of glioblastoma and gastric adenocarcinoma cancers.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Efeito combinado do exercício físico e da degradação da matriz extracelular na plasticidade do córtex cerebral após isquemia
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-04-14) CASTRO, Ketlin Jaquelline Santana de; BAHIA, Carlomagno Pacheco; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0910507988777644; PEREIRA JÚNIOR, Antônio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1402289786010170
Cerebrovascular diseases are major cause of neurological disability and death in Brazil, and more than 80% of them are caused by ischemic stroke. The survivors subsist with a variety of sensory, cognitive and motor deficits. Therefore, it becomes necessary to develop therapeutic strategies to promote functional recovery in this patients. After ischemia, there is an increase in the inhibitory molecules expression as proteoglycans of chondroitin sulfate (CSPGs) presents in the extracellular matrix of the nervous tissue. The removal of these molecules, as well as physical exercise, have been used as strategy to induce another window of brain plasticity and improve functional recovery. In this work, we running experimental ischemic injury on sensorimotor areas forepaw representation (S1/M1) and tested associations between removal of CSPGs and physical exercise in n=16 Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus). To delivery drugs to the forepaw representation in the cerebral cortex, we used a biomembrane previously ChABC-saturated or BSA-saturated and all animals had 21 days of survival divided in: Control group or BSA; Exercise group; ChABC group; and ChABC + Exercise group. The lesion area was no different across groups (control: 0,48±0,12; exercise: 0,46±0,05; ChABC: 0,50±0,18; ChABC+exercise: 0,50±0,18; ANOVA and Tukey post-test). Animals that were subjected to CSPGs enzymatic removal showed immunostaining for anti-chondroitin-4-sulphate (C4S) antibody in lesion area at the end of survival, with no evidence of CSPGs degradation in Control and Exercise groups. We evaluated the functional recovery of affected paw running vertical exploration test and ladder rung walking test. The vertical exploration test showed ischemic injury did not cause extensive functional loss, not changing exploratory behavior, or the use frequency of the affected forepaw after injury (Control group: baseline (0,03±0,10), 3d (0,29±0,17), 7d (0,30±0,10), 14d (0,29±0,16) e 21d (0,27±0,13) days after injury; Exercise group: baseline (0,30±0,12), 3d (0,32±0,24), 7d (0,19±0,37), 14d (0,31±0,10) e 21d (0,32±0,09) days after injury; ChABC group: baseline (0,34±0,07), 3d (0,20±0,11), 7d (0,23±0,07), 14d (0,33±0,14) e 21d (0,39±0,16) after injury; ChABC + Exercício group: baseline (0,34±0,04), 3d (0,20±0,09), 7d (0,26±0,04), 14d (0,18±0,08) e 21d (0,27±0,04) after injury (ANOVA and Tukey post-test). The group that only had removing CSPGs presented a better performance on Ladder rung walking test but at the end of the 21-day survival, the control groups and ChABC + Exercise reached a spontaneous recovery (equivalent to pre-injury test) reaching the ChABC group. The group treated with Exercise did not achieve the spontaneous recovery showing a motor performance significantly lower than other groups at all times of reevaluation (baseline: 8,40±0,28; 3d: 4,30±0,48; 7d: 4,75±0,50; 14d 5,35±0,41; 21d: 5,05±0,67; ANOVA and Tukey post-test). We conclude that the removal of CSPGs early improves motor performance in the affected forepaw after stroke on sensoriomotor cortex but associate with specific physical exercise doesn’t improve functional recovery.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Efeito do ambiente sobre o período crítico de plasticidade do córtex pré-frontal de ratos
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-11-19) FOLHA, Otavio Augusto de Araujo Costa; BAHIA, Carlomagno Pacheco; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0910507988777644; PEREIRA JÚNIOR, Antônio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1402289786010170
The critical period of plasticity is a period of postnatal brain development in which neural circuits are most susceptible to environmental influence. The critical period of plasticity of the human prefrontal cortex, which is responsible for executive functions, extends from birth to the end of adolescence and early adulthood. The critical period is defined, among other factors, by the maturation of perineuronal nets, a specialized structure of the extracellular matrix, which surrounds cell bodies and proximal dendrites of inhibitory interneurons. The aim of the present work was to ascertain the effects of environmental, through different adolescence phases, on the morphofunctional structure of the prefrontal cortex of rats and the spatial and temporal distribution of perineuronal nets. Executive functions were also evaluated by testing working memory capacity and behavioral inhibition. We observed that the chronic exposure to unpredictable stressors cause changes the critical period of plasticity in the prefrontal cortex and thereby influence the maturation of executive functions. We also observed that chronic stress induces changes in the spatial and temporal expression of perineuronal nets in the prefrontal cortex. More specifically, it induces the early maturation of these structures in adolescent rat brain. These results indicate the vulnerability of the adolescent brain to the negative effects of chronic stressors present in the environment.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Efeito protetor da flavana extraída da espécie Brosimum acutifolium contra danos causados por hipóxia em células retinianas: um estudo in vitro
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-06-14) FONSECA, Susanne Suely Santos da; BAHIA, Carlomagno Pacheco; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0910507988777644; PEREIRA JÚNIOR, Antônio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1402289786010170
Ischemic stroke causes neuronal death due to excitotocity and oxidative stress. In this work, we investigate the neuroprotective effect of an amazon plant Brosimum acutifolium which is rich in flavanas with antioxidant potential, such as 4',7-dihydroxy-8-(3,3-dimethylallyl) flavana (brosimin b) (Bb), in a experimental model hypoxia in vitro. Neuroprotective effect of Bb was evaluated using cell cultures obtained from chick embryo retinas submitted to hypoxy by deprivation of oxygen and glucose. The antioxidant power of Bb was evaluated by kidnapping of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) molecules. The neuroprotective activity was evaluated through the effects under cell viability, oxidative and antioxidative profile after 3, 6 and 24 hours after hypoxia trough oxygen reactive elements (O2-) analysis and endogenous antioxidant activity power of the catalase enzyme, respectively. We demonstrate that in vitro hypoxia causes time-dependent decreasing of cell viability due to the excessive production of O2-. On the other hands, the Bb treatment (10 μM) significantly preserved the cellular viability after 3 and 6 hours of in vitro hypoxia. This effect contributed to decrease the oxidative stress generated by productions of O2- during the 3 initial hours of hypoxia and also induced the increasing in the power activity of catalase enzyme in all the tested times. Thus, we show that Bb treatment has an antioxidant and neuroprotector effects due to contribute with antioxidant response during the neural hypoxia-induced oxidative stresse in vitro. These results suggest the use of Bb as a potential drug for Ischemic stroke treatment in vivo.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Efeitos do exercício voluntario na recuperação de hemissecção da medula espinhal: mudanças na rede perineuronal e acetilação de histonas
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-03-31) SFAIR, Márcio José Teixeira; BAHIA, Carlomagno Pacheco; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0910507988777644; PEREIRA JÚNIOR, Antônio
Regular physical exercise prevents and combats various diseases over time, especially as a great therapeutic tool for the treatment of lesions in the central nervous system (CNS). After transection (complete or incomplete / hemisection) spinal cord reactive glial cells secrete substances inhibitory to axonal regeneration , for example , molecules of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (PGSCs) that play an important role in the formation of a physical barrier chemical , called glial scar, which prevents the growth of axons damaged by injury. Research involving experimental model of spinal cord injury and rehabilitation by exercise have obtained promising results. However, the physiological and molecular mechanisms by which promote these positive results are still poorly understood. The objective of this study was to analyze the recovery of motor function of the hind paw after voluntary exercise protocol in an experimental model of spinal cord hemisection and investigate two molecular mechanisms involved in functional recovery: the degradation of the PGSCs Perineuronal networks and histone acetylation. To do this, twenty-four (24) male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) mice were used and divided into 3 groups (control, trained and untrained). Except for the control group, all animals were accustomed to racing wheels and followed underwent an experimental surgery hemisection of the spinal cord at the time of the 8th thoracic vertebra. Our results showed that voluntary exercise on wheels racing after experimental spinal cord injury promoted recovery of motor function of the affected hind paw, but did not observe qualitative differences in histone acetylation and degradation PGSCs between groups.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Indução de plasticidade cerebral por remoção da matriz extracelular após lesão isquêmica no córtex sensório-motor de ratos
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-12-14) SOARES, Soanne Chyara da Silva; BAHIA, Carlomagno Pacheco; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0910507988777644; PEREIRA JÚNIOR, Antônio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1402289786010170
Stroke is the third major cause of mortality and disability in whole word and the major cause of death in Brazil. After ischemic injury, functional deficits are generally severe and permanent, because Central Nervous System has a limitated capacity of regeneration. This limitated regeneration is caused, among other factors, by chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPG) accumulation in injury site, what causes inhibition of plasticity in extracellular microenvironment. Chondroitinase-ABC enzyme (ChABC) has been studied to remove CSPG, showing good results in increasing plasticity. This research aimed to evaluate effects of CSPG removing in rats submitted to ischemic injury in sensory-motor cerebral cortex. To achieve the aim, there were used 20 Wistar rats, divided in 4 experimental groups (control and treated) of 7 and 14 days of surviving times. There was induced ischemic injury in sensorymotor cortex by microinjections of endothelin-1 (ET-1), a vasoconstrictor peptide. Treatment was done with an implantation of an ethyl-vinyl-acetate polymer saturated with ChABC (treated-group) or BSA (control group). In morphological analysis, we evaluated injury area. There was no significant difference between treated and control groups, as can be seen in means of each group: control 7 days (1653,8 ± 162,57mm²), treated 7 days (2067,3 ± 235,42mm²), control 14 days (1267,16 ± 280,6mm²), treated 14 days ( 1323,8 ± 297,05mm²). Number of astrocytes was evaluated too, but there was no significant difference between treated and control groups, as we can see in means: control 7 days (16,6±4,67 cells/field), treated 7 days (21,07±1,87 cells/field) control 14 days (17,46±0,80 cells/field), treated 14 days (18,51±2,60 cells/field). The expression of degraded chondroitin was evaluated in qualitative analysis, showing major expression in treated-groups, 7 and 14 days after injury. In behavioral analysis, we have done two functional tests. In cylinder test, treated animals had less asymmetry in 7 days after injury, with significant difference in relation to control group. In horizontal ladder test, treated animals had less difference between surviving groups than control animals. In 7 days after injury, treated animals had the same performance of preoperated baseline. Behavioral performances showed that ChABC was efficient in to increase performances in earlier times of surviving. This means that CSPG removing opens plastic window in ischemic injuries, without influence in injury size or number of astrocytes in glial scar, but with functional increment. New studies have to be done, associated ChABC to supporting therapies in ischemic injuries treatment.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Marcadores funcionais da atividade elétrica do córtex cerebral para identificar atrasos no desenvolvimento de funções executivas no córtex pré-frontal em adolescentes
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-10-30) MIRANDA, Daisy Silva; AMORIM, Ana Karla Jansen de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1231124517027635; PEREIRA JÚNIOR, Antônio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1402289786010170
Human cognition results from the interaction among genetic, epigenetic and environmental factors. Several studies have shown that the prefrontal cortex (CPF) is a critical region for human intelligence. This region has a long maturation period that ends in early adulthood. Previous studies have shown that the amplitude of high frequency waves recorded by resting-EEG correlates inversely with the degree of maturation of cortical circuits. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the correlation between the power of different EEG frequency bands with the performance on the WISC-IV scale (Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children), which measures intellectual capacity, in adolescents. Subjects (N = 23) aged 12-16 years and 11 months underwent resting-EEG recordings for 5-10 minutes and were subsequently tested with the WISC-IV scale. Our results show that alpha power correlates negatively with IMO in parietal (RH and LH), occipital (RH and LH), and central (RH) regions. The IQ correlates negatively with alpha power in the temporal (RH), parietal (RH and LH), occipital (RH and LH), and central (RH) regions. Theta power correlates negatively with WM and IQ in temporal (LH), parietal (RH and LH), and occipital (RH and LH) regions. In genre analysis we observed that the correlation between power in the alpha and theta bands and cognitive indices occurs in both hemispheres for females, but not males
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Plasticidade aumentada no córtex pré-frontal de ratos com a remoção de redes perineuronais
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-11-01) RODRIGUES, Klebson de Jesus Araujo; BAHIA, Carlomagno Pacheco; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0910507988777644; PEREIRA JÚNIOR, Antônio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1402289786010170
Aging is associated with decreasing brain plasticity, especially after the closure of the critical periods of plasticity (a sensitive limited period in life of elevated brain plasticity). Some brain regions may be particularly affected by aging, such as prefrontal cortex (PFC), which has a key role in the organization of higherorder cognitive aspects, the executive functions, including attention, set-shifting, working memory, decision making, etc. Decline of plasticity in the PFC and the brain is attributed mainly to the appearance of a structure called perineuronal net (PNNs) which enwraps the cell body and dendrites of many classes of neurons. PNNs are extracellular matrix structures consisting of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans, hyaluronan, link proteins and tenascin, and are involved in the control of experience-dependent cortical plasticity and the closure of critical periods. Degradation of PNNs with the enzyme Chondroitinase ABC (ChABC) restores juvenile forms of plasticity in the adult brain. Here, we examined the developmental time course of PNN formation in the medial PFC (mPFC) of male rats ranging in age from the seventh postnatal day (PND) to 11 months. We used the lectin Vicia villosa agglutinin that binds to glycosaminoglycan chains present in the PNNs. We also investigated whether the digestion of PNNs by bilateral injection of ChABC in the mPFC may open a new window of increased plasticity in adult rats, evaluated by two executive function tests: object recognition and spontaneous alternation. We found that immature PNNs were observed in PND 20 animals, but mature PNNs were seen only after PND 75-90 and a mature form appeared around 5 months of age. In addition, our results showed that enzymatic PNN removal promoted a significant increase in performance in the ChABC-treated animals in both behavioral tests. The present study reveals for the first time the temporal development of PNN formation in the rat mPFC. We also show that the degradation of PNNs with ChABC not only promotes plasticity but also potentiates cognitive abilities in adult animals.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Plasticidade de modalidade cruzada em córtices sensoriais adulto
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-12-21) DIAS, Ivanira Amaral; BOTELHO, Eliã Pinheiro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6276864906384922; PEREIRA JÚNIOR, Antônio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1402289786010170; BAHIA, Carlomagno Pacheco; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0910507988777644
The central nervous system (CNS) neural circuitry is highly dynamic and is continuously modified by sensory experience, in a process we call neuroplasticity, which gives the CNS the ability to adapt to changes in the sensory periphery and / or in response to environmental stimuli . This ability of the CNS remains lifelong, although it is more intense during early stages of development, especially during the critical plasticity period. The main goal of the present work was to evaluate the effects of bilateral sensory deprivation on cross modal neuroplasticity in the visual, somatosensory, and auditory primary cortices od adult rats. Animals (Rattus novergicus) (authorization CEUA/UFPA: 141-13) were divided into three experimental groups: a control group (CTL), an unimodal deprivation group (DEP), in which the animals were subjected to visual deprivation by bilateral enucleation, and a bimodal deprivation group (DDEP), whose animals were submitted to both visual and whisker deprivation bilaterallly. After 60 days of sensory deprivation, the rats were perfused and the brains were sectioned in the coronal plane for immunohistochemistry procedures aimed at revealing the activation of immediate early genes (c-Fos). The results showed that after bilateral visual deprivation the number of c-Fos+ neurons decreased in the visual cortex (** p < 0.0056), increased in the auditory cortex (** p <0.0099), and had no effect in the somatosensory cortex. Bilateral visual and whisker deprivation decreased the number of c-Fos+ neurons in the visual cortex (* p <0.0268) but did not have any effect in the somatosensory and auditory cortices.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O que os olhos não vêem o coração não sente: implicações para a opinião sobre a redução da maioridade penal
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-04-27) CALDAS, Ivete Furtado Ribeiro; PEREIRA JÚNIOR, Antônio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1402289786010170
The increase in urban violence has led society to charge the State with more severe and punitive measures to solve the problem of juvenile crime. One of the proposals is the reduction of the criminal majority from 18 to 16 years. Discussions on this proposal have been ideologically polarized and instances where the debate is based on reliable scientific evidence are rare. In this research, we try to contribute to identify the implicit social and moral constraints associated with the issue of criminal majority. For this, we designed two experiments to evaluate how socioeconomic factors, sociodemographic factors and the moral development of the individual influence the opinion on the topic. Objective: To verify the relationship between socioeconomic factors, sociodemographic factors and moral development in the opinion about the reduction of the penal majority. Materials and Methods: This is a qualitative and quantitative research with a cross-sectional design that consisted of two experiments: Belem Experiment and Regional Experiment. In the Belém Experiment the data were collected in two public places of the municipality of Belém, Pará, Praça Batista Campos and the Court of Justice of the State of Pará. In the Regional Experiment an on line tool was used with the aim of achieving people from different regions of the Brazilian territory. The sample consisted of individuals older than 18 years of both sex. The instruments used were: (1) Socioeconomic and sociodemographic questionnaire and (2) Dilemma of the adolescent in conflict with the law. Pearson's Chi-square test (χ2) and data mining were used for data analysis. Results: Juvenile court workers display preference for lower stages (stage 1) and a lower level of moral competence (average c-index) (3.97), with a strong adherence to the law, different from the general public that prefers higher stages (stage 6) and c-index (14.29). There was a significant relationship between the stage preference and the opinion of the subjects, only in the juvenile court workers (χ2 = 20,665, df = 10, p = 0.024). However, the former is less in accordance with lowering the age of criminal responsibility than the latter. Conclusion: The accuracy of opinion is greater at the extremes of psychological distance, that is, when the individual is very distant or very close to the reality of this adolescent.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Tendências epidemiológicas em nascimentos prematuros moderados a tardios na Região Norte do Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-03-29) RIBEIRO, Silvia Carolinne Pereira; GOMES, Bruno Duarte; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4932238030330851; PEREIRA JÚNIOR, Antônio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1402289786010170
Premature birth is characterized as occurring before 37 weeks of gestation or less than 259 days from the first day of last menstruation. Brazil is among the 10 countries with the highest rate of preterm birth, which approximately 10% are preterm birth. The north region of Brazil has one of the highest rates of preterm birth in the country. Prematurity is a public health problem that can lead to problems in all systems, as well as sensory and cognitive disorders. The objective of this study was to analyze the epidemiological trends in moderate to late preterm deliveries in the North Region of Brazil. This is an ecological study of the time series of births recorded in the SINASC for residents of the North Region of Brazil between 2011 and 2016. A total of 3,549,525 births were analyzed, of which 433,907 (12.22%) were preterm birth, and the polynomial regression model was used to analyze trends in preterm births: <37 (y = -9.6 + 36.19x - 21.43x² + 6.01x³ - 0.81x4 + 0.04x5); 32 to <37 (y = -9.5 + 34.18x - 20.81x² + 6.01x³ - 0.83x4 + 0.04x5). The analysis of trends revealed a 36.19% increase in preterm births per year (r² = 1, p = <0.05) and moderate to late prematurity, from 32 to <37 weeks, increased by 34.18% (r² = 1, p <0.05). It was observed that there was an increase in the tendency of prematurity in the north region of Brazil, especially moderate to late prematurity (from 32 to <37 weeks), and greater attention is needed to prevent them, since prematurity is the largest cause of mortality in the first month of life and add considerable costs to the public coffers.