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Aspectos da reprodução de espécies de ciclídeos de importância econômica em áreas de várzea do médio solimões
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-02-13) SILVA, Tania Cristiane Gonçalves da; QUEIROZ, Helder Lima de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3131281054700225
The Cichlidae family plays an important economic role in the Brazilian Amazon, since many of its species are valued as food and also as ornamental fish. The family presents one of the largest parental behaviors among the teleosts, and one of the more diverse among all vertebrates. Amazon fish show a great diversity of reproductive strategies and tactics and ensure the survival of the greatest possible number of offspring, and represent the result of long processes of natural selection and adaptation to seasonal fluctuations of environmental variables. However, many reproductive aspects of this family are still unknown or understudied in the Amazon. This work aimed to study the reproductive ecology of seven species of the family Cichlidae: Aequidens tetramerus, Astronotus ocelatus, Acarichthys heckelli, Acaronia nassa, Hypsellecara temporalis, Mesonauta insignis and Pterophyllum scalare. The study was conducted with specimens collected at Mamirauá Sustainable Development Reserve (MSDR), in the várzea ecosystem, made up of white water flooded environments, and influenced by annual flood pulses. The reserve is a protected area near Tefé, at Amazonas State, Brazil. For each species were evaluated the lengthweight relationship, condition factor, sex ratio, type and spawning period (seasonality), variations of the gonadosomatic relationship, fecundity and size at first sexual maturity (L50). For that, were used 209 specimens of A. tetramerus, 168 of A. ocellatus, 170 of A. heckelli, 178 of A. nassa, 109 of H. temporalis, 380 of M. insignis and 264 of P. scalare. All species showed an isometric growth, with exception of males of A. ocellatus which showed a negative allometric growth. The species bred throughout the year, with spawning activity peaks detected during the rising of the water level, and some additional activity during the flooding period. These were corroborated by RGS and condition factor indices. The overall sex ratio of the species was balanced, 1:1. Except for the species A. nassa, that showed a predominance of males of 0.5:1. All species showed a low fecundity, between 700 and 1500 mature oocytes. The species A. tetramerus, A. ocellatus and H. temporalis showed a partial spawning strategy, and A. nassa, P. scalare and M. insignis showed a total spawning strategy. The asymptotic length (L ∞) and the average length at first sexual maturity (L50) for females showed that all species have an early sexual maturation. The cichlids studied here presented two tactics groups of the main reproductive strategies, K and r. For the management of these species, it should be considered that these are low productivity fish species, and their reproductive seasonal peak and minimum size of capture, based on their L50, should be used to limit the catch.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação do efeito dos principais itens da dieta natural de Astronotus ocellatus (Cuvier, 1829) da Reserva Mamirauá (AM, Brasil) sobre a sua coloração reprodutiva em ambiente artificial
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2007) CHAVES, Rui Alves; QUEIROZ, Helder Lima de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3131281054700225
In order to test the influence of feeding items in the coloration of acara-açus the present study was carried through two stages. The first one aimed the identification of the main alimentary groups of Astronotus ocellatus diet through the analysis of the stomachal and intestine research. Secondly, it aimed to compare the effect caused by the different groups of diet, in an artificial environment, on the red coloration and the acquisition of corporal mass of the tested individuals. At the first stage the activities had been developed in the Reserve of Sustainable Development Mamirauá (RDSM) were 216 individuals. After the preservation of the digestive tracts these were analyzed qualitatively, under the microscope. The diet items found in the contents had been classified using broad categories such as: molluscs, crustaceans, insects, fish and vegetables, as well as unknown material. The length of the first sexual maturation was calculated. The variation of the water level in the RDSM during the period of the study was obtained from Mamirauá Institute. The in-dake index for each food item was calculated by the product of the frequency of relative occurrence and relative weight of each item and the total of products for all itens identified. The main itens identified were fish, insects and molluscs. Twenty individuals of Astronotus ocellatus had been captured in Marajó Island in febrary/2006, and placed in fifteen (15) glass tanks at the aquacultive station of Utinga (Belém, Pará). On the basis of the results from the first stage and on current literature, five diet treatments were designed for the experiment: T1 - Commercial formula (control); T2 - Fish; T3 - Molluscs, T4 - Insects; T5 - Crustaceans. The analysis of the Index of Intensity of Red Coloration was based on the comparison of the levels of intensity of proportionate color for specific software, and the Index of Increment of the Red Coloration of oceli and the diffuse lateral coloration were calculated. The diet treatment with molluscs resulted in the largest increment of the index of intensity of red coloration in oceli at the end of 20 days. The diet treatment with crustaceans resulted in the largest increment of index of intensity of the diffuse lateral red coloration at the end of 20 days. The animals submitted to almost all the treatments had presented an increase in body mass throughout 40 continous days of experiment, but those fed with molluscs presented a to greater acquisition of biomass.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Caracterização e dinâmica espacial da caça de primatas em comunidades ribeirinhas da Amazônia Central
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015) PEREIRA, Priscila Maria; VALSECCHI, João; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8353254163114394; QUEIROZ, Helder Lima de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3131281054700225
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O caranguejo-uçá Ucides cordatus (Crustacea, Brachyura, Ucididae), no litoral paraense: uma abordagem sobre a atividade extrativa no Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-03-31) SILVA, Mauro Marcio Tavares da; PINHEIRO, Marcelo Antonio Amaro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6829111589524333; QUEIROZ, Helder Lima de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3131281054700225
This paper initially provides information about the extraction potential of productive mangroves in the municipalities of Quatipuru and Bragança, as well as the socioeconomic characterization of the extractive professionals (crabbers) of this resource. Parallel to the information generated in the mangroves and communities interviewed in Quatipuru and Bragança, this study also seeks to contextualize the extractive activity of the mangrove crab-uçá around the Pará coast, through information obtained by the collection and analysis of data in different mangrove municipalities of Pará’s coast, characterizing the productive activity of this important resource extraction communities. The information collection occurred in the period between 2010-2012, where the extractive potential was examined, in the mangroves of Bragança and Quatipuru confirming these locations as potentially producing regions, with a density of 5.01 ± 1.09 ind/m2 in the Quatipuru magrove and 6.5 ± 1.0 ind/m2 in the Bragança mangrove with an immediate extraction potential (IEP) of 80.91 % in Quatipuru and 86.23 % in Bragança. Concerning extractive activity in the major communities in the municipalities of Quatipuru and Bragança, the profile of crabbers was characterized by male dominated, low education, with at least 16 years of activity for most in Quatipuru and more than 20 years for most of the interviewed in the communities of Bragança. The primary capture technique used is the "braceamento" with the aid of hook in both locations, where they capture on average 51-100 units / day in Quatipuru and 101-150 in Braganca, where the middleman is the main destination of the product for the sites investigated. The data obtained from the Pará coastal reveal that out of all the mangroves studied, the municipality of Viseu was highlighted as an important forest region of Pará, with a density of 4.23 ± 1.40 ind/m2, CPUE 46.6 (crabs / man / hour) and 226.8 ± 113.1 units captured by crabber/day, however , it is important to notice that this municipality had the lowest average price per crab (R$0.18 ± 0,05) among all communities of the municipalities visited. The importance of this resource for the communities in the coastal Pará is clear and requires regulatory actions that support exploration with sustainability, as well as encouraging these professionals of artisanal fisheries through actions of to recover their citizenship.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O Caranguejo-Uçá, Ucides cordatus, (Linnaeus 1763): da captura à comercialização nas comunidades quilombolas cacau e terra amarela, Ilha de Colares, Pará-Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-07-10) CARVALHO, Rogério Lopes; QUEIROZ, Helder Lima de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3131281054700225
This study was conducted at the quilombola communities of Cacau and Terra Amarela, municipality of Colares, Pará State, Brazil. The objective was to describe and analyze the exploitation of the land crab, or mangrove crab (Ucides cordadus), in terms of some socioeconomic aspects, their techniques, strategies and areas of production adopted, and their forms of crab trade. And to compare these aspects with those from other traditional populations also dedicated to the same extractive activity. Semi-open questionnaires, direct observation in the field and trade and flowchart, were techniques applied in this research during 2013. In the communities studied, the extractive economy is predominant, and mangrove crab extraction is among the main activities. At Cacau and Terra Amarela, households have in average 4.3 and 4.9 members, respectively. Most of the families live in their own brickwork houses, built with conventional materials. Despite of this, these extractive households are poor and live in difficult conditions, with almost no access to public services. In general, the inhabitants stop attending school early in their lives, and most of them (72 to 82%) failed to complete the elementary school cycle. A low monthly household income was recorded; the majority of the households earn less than one minimum salary per month. The laço and the braceamento are the main techniques for obtaining the resource. The technique of braceamento is performed during the four days of work per week in average during the rainy months. The application of laço is performed in average during twelve days per month during the drought months. Cacau produces in average 52 (SD ± 15) crabs / work day / person and 110 (SD ± 56) crabs / work day / person in in the rainy and drought periods, respectively. In the Terra Amarela community these averages are 56 (SD ± 24) crabs / day / person and 150 (SD ± 72) crabs / day/ person. The inhabitants of these communities trade with intermediaries from the region. The crabs are sold in natura, whole and alive, transported in cofos in Cacau and bags in Terra Amarela. Are traded at prices that fluctuate throughout the year, from R$ 40.00 to R$ 80.00 each group of 100 individuals. The low pay for they work, together with low education level, deficiencies in infrastructure, low technology for production, and lack of local provision of public services are some of the aspects contributing to the low quality of life of these families in the communities. These factors also contribute for the maintenance of the engagement of local inhabitants in low value activities, such as the extraction of mangrove crabs. The conditions described for Cacau and Terra Amarela are quite similar to those observed in other traditional communities living and working in similar conditions in the coastal region of Pará State, Brazil. The extraction and trade are very similar to most of the traditional communities that exploit this resource in mangroves forests along the coast of Pará. No significant differences or peculiarities were observed in the extractive activity of these quilombola communities, in relation to other traditional populations performing this same activity in the area. However, differences were found between the two communities studied, which represent variations of this general pattern identified. Probably these differences are related to the technologies adopted, and also on the amount of crabs captured in the two locations. These impact the costs of the activity, its profitability, and the quality of life of inhabitants of Cacau and Terra Amarela.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Composição e distribuição espaço-temporal das larvas de peixes do estuário do Rio Quatipuru - Nordeste Paraense
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-10-25) SILVA, Potira Fernandes e; MELO, Nuno Filipe Alves Correia de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4989238044542736; QUEIROZ, Helder Lima de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3131281054700225
In Quatipuru Estuary, located in Northeast Pará two campaigns were carried out in dry season (November/2009) and rainy season (May/2010) with spatial and nictemeral collections. Larvae were collected using a plankton net, conical, with 60 cm mouth opening, 1.80 m long and 500 m mesh opening. The samples were screened and identified as to their stage of larval development and species level, some typed. The family Clupeidae was the most abundant in drags spatial-temporal in dry season and Scianidae (Cynoscion acoupa) characterized the rainy season. In dry season, were observed low density, highest value 8.50 ind./m³ (Clupeidae sp.3) and the lowest value 0.06 ind./m³ (Engraulididae sp.2). In the Quatipuru Estuary 65% of the larvae at the stage of pre-flexion, flexion 25% and 10% post-flexion. In rainy season were observed 64% in pre-flexion, flexion 14% and 22% in post-flexion. In cluster analysis (mode Q) distinguished two main groups according to the seasonal site, so R did not distinguish between major groups and the association of species. According Principal Component Analysis (PCA) the first two axes explained 82% of data variance, a trend can be observed according to the distribution of species richness. In nictemeral drag, the Clupeidae family was mean larval density in dry season (Clupeidae sp.1), and Scianidae family best characterized in rainy season (Cynoscion acoupa). Also very low density, the higher value of 2.96 ind./m³ during the rainy season and the lowest 0.01 ind./m³ in the dry season. During the dry season were 57% in the stage of preflexion, 26% flexion and 17% in post-flexion, since the rainy season 11% in pre-flexion, 38% flexion and 51% in post-flexion. The Q mode cluster analysis also distinguishes two groups according to seasonality (dry/rainy), the R mode also did not distinguish between major groups regarding the association of its kind. In PCA. the shaft 01 is responsible for 70% directly related to the richness and density of organisms, a tendency was observed of distribution according to species occurrence in the horizontal direction.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Diversidade e densidade ictiofaunística em lagos de várzea da Reserva de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Mamirauá, Amazonas, Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2006) CHAVES, Rose Cristine Queiroz; QUEIROZ, Helder Lima de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3131281054700225
The structure of the fish community in amazonian várzea lakes is determined by the flood pulse and seasonal and daily variations in the physico-chemical parameters of the water. The objective of this work was to characterize the fish community structure of four lakes in different stages of the seasonal cycle. Fish samples were taken bimonthly along one year in four lakes at Mamirauá Sustainable Development Reserve, state of Amazonas, Brazil. The richness of species and the fish biomass were analyzed, in order to investigate how much the community patterns were regulated by the environmental variables. A total of 6,058 individual fish were collected, representing 6 orders, 21 families, 76 genera and 116 species. The orders Characiformes and Siluriformes presented the largest variety of families and species, reaching together around 90% of the captured specimens. The fish fauna varied between different periods and lakes, and the highest richness and biomass values were found in the water level dropping season, except in Taracoá Lake with greater richness in the flooding season. The species Potamorhina latior, Potamorhina altamazonica, Mylossoma duriventre, Amblydoras hancokii, Amblydoras sp., Liposarcus pardalis, Psectrogaster amazonica and Osteoglossum bicirrhosum showed the highest number of individuals. Oxydoras niger, Colossoma macropomum, Cichla monoculus, Osteoglossum bicirrhosum, Arapaima gigas and Pseudoplatystoma tigrinum were the dominant species in biomass. The analysis of the physico-chemical parameters indicates that the changes along the year and the flood pulse influence determine the fish community structure, and the set of parameters composed by dissolved oxygen, pH and water temperature seemingly explains the fish community pattern. Similarity Analysis indicates that the fish fauna composition in the same time of the flood pulse in consecutive years are much alike. Therefore, it is probable that the fish community composition is re-established every cycle, with the connection of the different water bodies during the flood.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Ecologia alimentar de Saimiri sciureus cassiquiarensis (Lesson, 1840) (Primates, Cebidae) em florestas de várzea da Amazônia central brasileira
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-02-12) ARAUJO, Michele; QUEIROZ, Helder Lima de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3131281054700225
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Efeito do estado reprodutivo e do sexo no comportamento agonístico do ciclídeo amazônico Mesonauta insignis (Hackel, 1840)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-05-03) SARMENTO , Carolina Gomes; CARVALHO, Thaís Billalba; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1241979155542999; QUEIROZ, Helder Lima de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3131281054700225
Agonistic behavior among animals is a tool to establishing social and regular hierarchy. Reproductive success is closely related to the level of aggressive behavior exhibited during the reproductive activity. Aggressiveness may be manifested in a context of competition by means of fight or conflict in the dispute over access to food, shelter or sexual partners. These disputes include offensive fights with assessment, direct agressions, body injuries and defenses. The present study aims to investigate the effect of reproductive state and sex on the agonistic behavior of the Amazonian cichlid Mesonauta insignis. Initially we describe the patterns of agonistic behavior exhibited by adult fish of the species and evaluate the dynamics of their agonistic interactions (Chapter 1). We also aim to compare the aggressive displays of Mesonauta insignis adults in reproductive and non-reproductive state. In addition, we compare the aggressive interaction of females and males and analyzed the effect of the opponent's gender on the tactics of fights used in aggressive intrasexual and intersexual encounters of Mesonauta insignis adults (Chapter 2). An etogram was prepared, composed of eight agonistic behavioral units that were separated into three classes: assessment, aggression and defense and classified according to their intensity: low, medium or high intensity. The dynamics of the agonistic interaction indicated a scaling of the behavioral units towards the end of the conflict, suggesting the corroboration of the sequential evaluation model. The adults of the species showed a higher level of aggressiveness when they are in the reproductive state. Males showed longer latency times to engaje the conflict than females. Intersex encounters were more often won by males. This study suggests that this cichlid species compete more aggressively in the reproductive season, increasing the probability to defend important reproductive resources, and that females and males show distinct aggressive tactics, probably boosted by selective pressures acting differently in each sex.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estudo comparativo das espécies de Saimiri voigt, 1831 (Primates, Cebidae) na reserva Mamirauá, Amazonas
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2008-05) PAIM, Fernanda Pozzan; QUEIROZ, Helder Lima de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3131281054700225
One of the ten primate species found at Mamirauá Reserve (RDSM) is Saimiri vanzolinii that have the boundaries of distribution hitherto not defined. The distribution area of S. vanzolinii is considered the smallest among neotropical primates species, about 950km². Two other forms of Saimiri occur at the region, but their taxonomic status has not been determined yet. The aim of this study was to establish ecological and behavioural characteristics that might act as causes for reproductive isolation among the Saimiri forms at the Mamirauá Reserve area. Several sample areas were surveyed, near to both river banks and channels that coincide with the boundaries of the geographic distribution of S. vanzolinii. Geographic coordinates were recorded each five minutes of the way with a GPS. For each site where a social unit of Saimiri was found some additional information was registered such as the locality, number of individuals, habitat type, water marks on the trees, and other primate species associated with the squirrel monkeys. The “cackle” vocalization was recorded whenever possible. The total distance surveyed was 218 km, where 328 social units of the genus Saimiri were recorded: 41% of Saimiri vanzolinii, 30% of Saimiri sp.1 and 29% of Saimiri sp.2. One of the limits of distribution (western-northwestern) of S. vanzolini was confirmed. This species were absent from two areas where their presence was previously believed. Sympatric and syntopic areas were also observed. The area in use by Saimiri vanzolinii was 106 km², smaller than previously known, occupying only 870 km², it corroborated that hypothesis that Saimiri vanzolinii have the smallest distribution among the neotropical primate species. The most important results of this study that might determine the reproductive isolation among Saimiri forms are the differential habitat use types (habitat selectivity), size of their social units, discrepancy between use of vertical strata and high initialisation frequencies for the “cackle” vocalization. Saimiri vanzolinii shows preference for the “chavascal” habitat on both sazonal extremes (dry and wet seasons), meanwhile Saimiri sp.1 and Saimiri sp.2 shows preference for the low varzea habitats. The average size of the social unit Saimiri sp.2, at the dry season was smaller than of the other forms. In terms of the the vertical strata use, Saimiri vanzolinii occupied lower levels in the dry season, as Saimiri sp.1. All forms occupied lower strata during the wet season. The initialization frequencies of “cackle” vocalization showed differences among the three groups, where Saimiri vanzolinii < Saimiri sp.1 < Saimiri sp.2. The results suggest that ecological segregation of Saimiri vanzolinii from the other forms occur mostly by the habitat partitioning. The medium size of the social unit of Saimiri sp.2 suggests that this species is ecologically different from the other forms. Differences between Saimiri sp.1 and Saimiri sp.2 were observed on the size of their social units, vertical use of space and high “cackle” vocalization initialisation frequencies. The areas where the Saimiri forms are present in the focal Mamirauá Reserve area probably show different paleogeographic histories, offering distinct resources for each taxon. Field studies about vegetation aspects, geoprocessing and feeding ecology must be carried out in the area to allow the understanding of the ecological and behavioural differences that could act upon the distribution of Saimiri and other primate species.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Fisiologia térmica e vulnerabilidade dos lagartos da Amazônia (Reptilia: Squamata) frente às mudanças climáticas
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-01-12) URTIAGA, Luisa Maria Viegas Becerra; ÁVILA-PIRES, Teresa Cristina Sauer de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1339618330655263; QUEIROZ, Helder Lima de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3131281054700225
Is predicted that the global warming drive the Earth to an increase of temperature of almost 4.8°C by the end of the XXI century, what may negatively affects the distribution of lizards species, considering that they are ectotherms and depends directly on the environmental temperatures to regulate their body temperatures (Tb). This animals usually present as compensatory response to the thermal stress the restriction of activity time in refuges, to minimize the risk of death by overheating. It is believed that the species’ vulnerability would be inversely proportional to Tb and to the number of hours of activity restriction in refuges (Hr), and directly proportional to the maximum environmental temperature (MET), what means that both heliotherm and thermoconformer lizards should be vulnerable to the climate changes. There are little information available in literature about the biology of Amazonian lizards, although it is the most biodiverse region in the world and house about 210 species of lizards among all its extension. Therefore, the first chapter of this work had as goal to synthetize the knowledge on thermal physiology of these animals and incorporate unpublished data on thermal preferences for some species, besides to characterize their thermoregulation mode and recover the phylogenetic relationships among the characters. The second chapter, in turn, analyzes the persistence/absence status of 29 species, with projections to 2050 and 2070, in order to verify if their vulnerability is in fact associated to Tb, Hr and MET. Fourty-five studies reporting Tbs from 62 species were found, and additional data on Tb, as well as unpublished data on thermal preferences, were collected among 13 localities of Amazonia, encompassing several phytophysiognomies of the biome. Were obtained data on preferred temperature (Tpref), minimum (Vtmin) and maximum (Vtmax) voluntary temperatures and tolerance zone (critical thermals, Ctmin and Ctmax) for 33 species, and performance data (Topt) for 10 species. Tb, Tpref and Vtmin present low phylogenetic signal (K<1), and all variables are correlated, with exception of 1) Topt, which does not present correlation with Ctmax, and 2) Ctmin, which only correlates with Topt. Although shows significant statistical differences, heliotherms and thermoconformers present thermal characters intercalated in the scale of values, demonstrating a continuum between the extreme thermoregulation modes. The use of a species distribution model that mix environmental and physiological data to calculate the potential distribution of species in the present and future, considering a realistic scenario of greenhouse gases’ emissions, allows the verification of the persistence/absence status on 29 species of Amazonian lizards. Three of them, all heliotherms, presents a projection of territorial expansion by 2070. The other 26, presents a projection of reductions in their occurrence area, with heliotherms presenting lower mean values of Hr and higher mean values of Tb than thermoconformers. Has not been verified any pattern of vulnerability related to thermoregulation mode, and the majority of the species present low Tb and/or Hr, agreeing with the hypothesis that relates vulnerability to Tb, Hr and MET. Other eight species were also modeling, but they present issues in the calculation of the potential distribution and thus were not included in the vulnerability analysis. These species are being evaluated by the model’ developers to possible adjustments. Lastly, if the forecasts concretizes, the high occurrence restrictions recovered by the model can reflects a potentially high extinction risk of the species. The result is worrying, even considering the model limitations, and reinforces the need of conservation policies that take into account the effects of climate change on fauna, as well as further studies aimed to improving our understanding about the consequences of the global warming.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O peixe boi da Amazônia no baixo Javari, AM - Brasil: conhecimento local, uso de habitat e conservação
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-06-19) PANTOJA, Tatyanna Mariucha de Araujo; KENDALLl, Sarita; QUEIROZ, Helder Lima de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3131281054700225
Trichechus inunguis plays an important role in food webs and dynamics of water bodies where it lives. It’s ecological importance has not stopped the species from suffering a intense process of hunting despite the legal protection since the decade of 60. The observation of the occurrence of the species in parts of the Javari and Quixito rivers, near the county of Atalaia do Norte, and the registers of hunting events in the region led this research. The research aimed to carry out a study on aspects of local knowledge, habitat use and conservation of T. inunguis in order to support the definition of strategies for their conservation in the lower Javari region, Amazonas, Brazil. The first chapter aimed to compare local knowledge and documented scientific knowledge of the Amazon Manatee. In order to achieve this, interviews were conducted with riverine residents of Atalaia do Norte municipality, or communities or isolated houses along stretches of the Javari river, Itacoaí and Quixito. 50 interviews were conducted covering topics as morphology, metabolism and age, breathing, feeding and migration, breeding and intraspecific interactions. The content of the Compared Cognition Tables (CCT) resulted in an average adhesion value of 0.6. This result demonstrates that it is possible to recognize in reports and utterances of the study population, the existence of cognitive codes perfectly capable of dialoguing with scientific knowledge, indicating the possibility of collective construction of measures geared toward the conservation of the species. The second chapter aimed to investigate local knowledge on the occurrence sites of the species. For a year a sampling was conducted at excerpts from Javari rivers, Quixito and Itacoaí to investigate the suitability of using this type of knowledge on measures directed to the study of the species in the wild. In addition, the study has looked to investigate the effect of environmental variables related to the occurrence of T. inunguis in the study area. Therefore, we use Generalized Linear Models (GLM) to model the distribution of T. inunguis using presence and absence data in sites located within the study area and its relation with variables of environmental and anthropogenic order. We recognize, based on the observed results, the potential of local knowledge about the occurrence sites (detection success rate of occurrence of the sites listed as of the occurrence of the species evidence was 37.66%, in contrast to 1.43 % of sites listed as non-occurrence of the manatee). Therefore consider their owners as key elements in the development of ecological studies of the species, and that should be incorporated into protective actions to these animals. The variable components of the model built (EVD ~ SIT + LARG + DIST.ATN + COM + EMB1 + FLOR.ALAG) validate its objective basis. Furthermore, the model demonstrates that the methodology is capable of replication in similar cases. Still, recommendations regarding data collection bearing in mind the intrinsic features of each variable analyzed (geographical configuration of the sampled rivers, use that animals do the flooded forest, effect of sightings closest communities) are made to maximize potential the use of explanatory models the occurrence of the species, thereby creating greater biological reliability of results. The third chapter raised the species mortality data and studied the perception of the region bordering population on it’s conservation. Individuals contacted for the first component of the study were applied questions about the animals, their relationships with other species, the mythical body of knowledge about the species, their uses, the risks to which it is subject, and the threat of its extinction. A survey was done (by direct observation, participant or not) on mortality of manatees in the study area, and the various causes of deaths recorded. To analyze the perception we used the Discourse of the Collective Subject (DCS). Mortality data were recorded and analyzed descriptively. Impressions beforehand to the questions were mostly positive (73%), and even the negative (27%) can base discussions on conservation actions regionally. The data on the risks and T. inunguis mortality brings evidence that the hunting of these animals still occurs materially and locally and this is an aspect that requires further studies in this regard. Studies are recommended regarding population ecology and dynamics of species populations in the area, under the action of an additional source of mortality: the hunting factor.