Navegando por Orientadores "SANJAD, Nelson Rodrigues"

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A Cidade dos Lázaros: isolacionismo, políticas públicas e lepra no Pará (1900-1934)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-06-28) VIEIRA, Elis Regina Corrêa; SANJAD, Nelson Rodrigues; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9110037947248805; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6372-1185
At the end of the XIX century and the beginning of XX, leprosy went through a process of singularization marked by an intense debate about etiology, therapy and prophylaxis of the disease. In this context, there was a theoric effort to consolidate leprosy as a disease caused by a bacillus and transmitted by contagion. At the same time, if the disease was contagious and its means of transmission was uncertain, the idea of isolating the patients was the only way of avoiding the spread of the disease became strength. In Brazil, many doctors and intellectuals participated in an international network of scientists that debated about the disease. In the same context, the health movement demanded that the Union increase its responsibilities in public health. The leprosy prophylaxis was benefited by these discussions and the federal government started to implement several leprosariums in partnership with the state government. Lazarópolis do Prata, in the state of Pará, was created in this context. It was installed in 1923 and officially opened in June 1924. My thesis proposes that doctors created a model of isolation to Lazarópolis, however, the experience of different individuals recreated the senses of this isolation, challenging the hygienist ideal of a kind, disciplined, and submissive "lázaro" to the doctors. Thus, even an institution seen as a model faced challenges such as escapes and violations to the established norms.
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Ciência, nação e região na Era Vargas: o caso do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi (1930-1945)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-06-27) LEAL, Diego Rodrigo Guimarães; GUZMÁN, Décio Marco Antônio de Alencar; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0656841754619406; HTTPS://ORCID.ORG/0000-0003-3219-4404; SANJAD, Nelson Rodrigues; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9110037947248805; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6372-1185
This dissertation is situated at the interface of environmental history and the History of Science and proposes to the relationship between science and politics between 1930 and 1945, a period known as the Vargas Era. The period is characterid by historiography as rupture in the political, administrative, social and economic sphere of the Brazilian state, in relation to the balance of force and the partten of development the so-called First Republic. This change was reflected in the cultural esphere and had consequences for the institucionalization of the Sciences and the configuration of a Brazilian heritage field. This process will be analyzed in the state of Pará through a case study, particularly the scientific work of Carlos Estêvão de Oliveira at the head of the Emilio Goeldi Museum, where he served as director for amost 15 years, since he was invited by the federal Magalhães Barata, 1930. In this context, the state of Pará was going through a serious financial crisis, as the rubber economic had collapsed since the 1910, and public instituicions, with few resources at their disposal, began to face numerous problems. The aim is therefore to understand the institutional adopted Carlos Estêvão de Oliveira during his time in office, what the scientific agenda built up during this period and how the institution was transformed into a centralizing and nacionalist political enviroment.
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Do Grão-Pará à Amazônia: a invenção da região amazônica frente à centralização do Império brasileiro
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-07-27) SANTOS, Roberg Januário dos; SANJAD, Nelson Rodrigues; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9110037947248805; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6372-1185
This doctoral dissertation addresses the rise of the Amazon region in the second half of the 19th century. Despite focusing on the political sphere, the exchange of ideas, images, and practices regarding local economy at the time are also discussed. Considering the theoretical contributions of conceptual history, this work reflects upon the denaturalization of names and the meanings they assume over time. A corpus composed of a range of historical sources, among which the Annals of the Brazilian Parliament stand out, is used as support. This study contributes to the knowledge of Brazilian history based on the understanding of the regional differentiation and the power relations between the Empire/Central Government and the regional political elites, especially the Amazonian ones. From the Second Reign, the political and economic weight of the court elites, as well as those of the North of Bahia and Pernambuco (agricultural), increased considerably in the Brazilian scenario, which resulted in a greater regional differentiation in the country during that period. On the other hand, in the provinces along the waterways of the Amazon River, while the local elites sought to politically reorganize the area after the Cabanagem Revolt, the rubber industry grew. The political and economic landscape created an environment that fostered political regionalism and was used by the Amazonian elites in favor of their own interests, which could channel considerably the perception of backwardness in the region to the lack of attention of the Central Government. Moreover, it allowed them to increase their political clout, seen by the northern provinces, including the Amazon ones, as centered on the interests of the southern ones. It is argued that this movement, seen from the 1870s, brought about regional reorganization and encouraged the development of a new political identity, resulting in the renaming of the former province of Grão-Pará, known from then on as Amazon. Therefore, it was concluded that the political regionalism of the riverside provinces, considering the administrative centralization of the Brazilian Empire along with the ideas of the time, contributed decisively to the rise of the Amazon as a differentiated region in terms of territory, politics, and culture.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Entre as terras do Rio Branco e a Guiana Inglesa: relatos de viajantes sobre povos indígenas (1835-1899)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-05-12) LAPOLA, Daniel Montenegro; SANJAD, Nelson Rodrigues; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9110037947248805; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6372-1185
The thesis is based on Peter Burke's historiographical approach on the cultural history of representations and on indigenous history to analyze travelers’ reports about the indigenous people in the region between the extreme north of Brazil and British Guiana in the 19th century. We worked on the reports of the Prussian explorer Robert Hermann Schomburgk (1804-1865), the Canadian geologist Charles Barrington Brown (1839-1917), both at the service of the Royal Geographical Society of the British crown; next, we analyze the French traveler Henri Anatole Coudreau (1859-1899), on a mission for the Ministry of the Navy and the French Colonies and the government of the state of Pará. As a central objective, I analyze the relationship between travelers and indigenous peoples, the alliances and strategies used through scientific research to serve the demarcation and land occupation interests of the country sponsoring the enterprise on the border of Brazil and British Guiana between 1835 and 1899.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
História, ciência e natureza na política Ilustrada de D. Rodrigo de Sousa Coutinho para o meio-norte da América Portuguesa (1796-1801)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-04-18) COSTA JÚNIOR, Flávio Pereira; SANJAD, Nelson Rodrigues; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9110037947248805; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6372-1185
Science was an important element in the political construction of the Portuguese Empire in the 18th century. It would be through this knowledge that the economic potential of the nature of the possessions would be evaluated, with the aim of developing trade for the benefit of the Crown. It is thus understood that science was a useful colonial instrument to maintain the union between the European center of that Empire with its other portions on the Globe, especially with the colonial States in Portuguese America. Securing territories and developing projects to reach the other empires economically, above all to compete in markets already established by such empires. Fauna, flora and minerals would be objects of this knowledge, and for that purpose qualified men were sent for such research, entering the sertões in search of new specimens and evaluating the already known ones. Agriculture was also part of this study list, in the interest of expanding production. An exemplary case of this type of symbiosis between politics and science was that of Dom Rodrigo de Sousa Coutinho during the period when he was Minister of the Navy and Overseas (1796-1801). Due to the academic background and situation in which this individual was involved, one can see the attention he devoted to nature. As a case study, the thesis focuses on the States of Maranhão and Piauí. The objective of this work is to present how the political vision, through science in the administration of Dom Rodrigo de Sousa Coutinho, had as a project to insert Maranhão and Piauí in international trade.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Objetos entre contextos e significados: as coleções etnográficas do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi entre 1894 e 1905
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-07-30) COELHO, Matheus Camilo; SANJAD, Nelson Rodrigues; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9110037947248805; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6372-1185
This study aims to investigate the process of musealization of ethnographic collection placed in the Museum Paraense Emílio Goeldi (MPEG), named Lauro Sodré (1897), Henri Coudreau (1898), Frei Gil Vilanova (1902) and Koch-Grünberg (1905). Not only centered in the collector’s protagonism but comprehending the collection processes as a polysemic practice, this research intent to comprehend its role in social and political context, interests of the museums, their scientific agenda, trajectory and conceptions of the producing communities and collectors, the collaboration and circulation networks on Amazon region.. The four collections are relevant to Curt Nimuendaju Technical Reserve Ethnographic Collection at the Goeldi Museum due to their acquisitions during a restructuring and reorganization period, and also, in a way, represent three distinct contexts of collecting indigenous artefacts in Amazon at the end of 19th century and 20th century beginning, led by a French explorer, a Dominican missionary, and a German ethnologist. Their study certainly allows us to analyse how different political and social contexts, religious, philosophical, cultural, scientific thoughts and the relationships between indigenous peoples and collectors acted in objects selection and rejection that make up the aforementioned collections.