Dissertações em Engenharia de Barragem e Gestão Ambiental (Mestrado) - PEBGA/NDAE/Tucuruí
URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/9396
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Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Análise das ações de resposta ao cenário de rompimento de barragem de Tucuruí no contexto do PAE e PLANCON(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-09-10) SILVA, Francisco Júnior Nascimento da; GOUVEIA, Fernanda Pereira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1772072130947378As a result of the latest accidents involving the dam collapse scenario in Brazil and the strong demand from society and supervisory bodies demanding more safety in dam projects, Eletronorte, responsible for HPP Tucuruí, in 2017 prepared the Safety Plan, and in 2023, together with the municipalities located in the ZAS (Self-rescue Zone), it consolidated the integration of Emergency and Contingency Plans. In this sense, this work aimed to analyze the response actions to the Tucuruí dam collapse scenario in the context of municipalities located in ZAS. The methodological steps used to achieve the results were as follows: Characterize the Tucuruí HPP and the municipalities located in the ZAS (Tucuruí and Breu Branco); Description of the history of preparation and integration, PAE-UHE Tucuruí and PLANCONS of the ZAS municipalities; Evaluate the structuring of COMDECs in the ZAS municipalities, based on the criteria of the COMDECs Diagnostic Report in Brazil and Evaluate the operational logistics of the SCI (Incident Command System) defined in the PLANCONs of Tucuruí and Breu Branco. The results revealed that COMDECs are deficient in terms of training, and in Tucuruí, agents need additional training that meets the thematic axes offered by the National Civil Protection and Defense System – SINPDEC. At COMDEC Breu Branco, a lack of training for all members was identified, with courses being carried out only by the coordination. The financial resources verified to support COMDECs' actions are only allocated in cases of occurrences and there is no preventive financial planning in both municipalities. In terms of infrastructure, COMDEC in Breu Branco is not capable of operating in this emergency scenario, as it has limitations in terms of response support from the 8th GBM. Finally, this study presented, for the first time, the weaknesses observed in the context of the collapse of the Tucuruí dam, in terms of the operationalization of the PAE-PLANCONs in the ZAS municipalities, demonstrating that the COMDECS need better structuring and that the Plans must undergo planning adjustments, aiming for better effectiveness in response actions, which can reduce the vulnerability of the population in the post-disaster period.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Análise dos efeitos da detonação na estabilidade de talude em mina de ferro no Quadrilátero Ferrífero em Minas Gerais(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-08-03) AZEVEDO, Daniel Prado; MARQUES, Eduardo Antonio Gomes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6725413897416818; ALENCAR JÚNIOR, Júlio Augusto de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3663658632717465The vibrations induced by blasting in mining are finite waves that can disrupt geotechnical structures. For the present research, seismographs were installed in various positions along a slope with approximately two hundred meters of difference in height from the bottom of the pit to the top, in order to analyze the speed and acceleration of the particles at the moment of the wave transmission and their consequences to the stability of rocky mass. It is known that the course of these vibratory oscillations causes the particles to move and then return to the equilibrium state. Therefore, it is important to study which waves were generated in the detonation and their behavior in the lithology covered. A slope in the selected mine, Vale S.A. property, was analyzed, which is composed mostly of phyllite and quartzite, sometimes continuous, sometimes discontinuous, as there is a fractured zone of N / S orientation that extends from the top of the slope to its base. In this context, there are at least 3 fracture directions that act as an escape zone for groundwater, constituting a geotechnical problem of material disaggregation, resulting in great erosion. The vibrations induced by the detonations of explosives in the mine can increase the erosion condition when they propagate through the fractured area. The highest seismographic reading obtained among the seismographs was used in this study and the evaluation of the reduction in the safety factor of selected sections was carried out. Later, the maximum value for vibration in which the slope remains stable is also calculated, on Slide2 software. The evaluation of the results on the slope Allowed the interpretation of the effects of vibrations on the slopes reduced between 4.1% and 4.8% the values of the safety factors and shows that the lower the slope safety factor, the greater this interference from the vibration in the stability of the structure. A difference equal to 8% was observed when comparing the section with the highest Safety Factor and the one with the lowest Safety Factor.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Avaliação de alternativas para projetos de descaracterização de uma barragem de rejeito de mineração utilizando análise comparativa multicritério(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-10-10) OLIVEIRA, Pedro Lucas Louzada de; SILVA, Adriano Frutuoso da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3321059172343690; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1710-8862The decharacterization of tailings has become an extremely relevant and urgent topic in the contemporary global scenario. Given the recent disasters and environmental tragedies resulting from the collapse of mining dams in Brazil in 2015 and 2019, the need to implement efficient and safe processes for the deactivation and recovery of these structures has become imperative. The complexity inherent to this type of enterprise demands a careful and comprehensive approach in evaluating the available options. The simple selection of an alternative based on a single criterion, such as financial cost or deadline, for example, can result in adverse consequences and negative impacts from both a technical, economic, environmental and social point of view. Given the above, this dissertation aims to explore the importance of analyzing alternatives considering multiple criteria in the process of choosing the best solution for the mining dam decharacterization project. Through a literature review and presentation of a case study of the decharacterization of a Manganese dam using the assessment of technical, environmental, economic and socioeconomic requirements as a decisive element in choosing the solution to be detailed. The methodology consists of analyzing the proposed alternative scenarios, including the definition and weighting of the multiple variables to be evaluated. The result obtained demonstrates that the adoption of multiple criteria, which encompass not only economic aspects, but also environmental, social, technical and safety aspects, was fundamental to guarantee a well-informed and sustainable decision. It was evidenced that the analysis of multiple criteria was also able to favor the decision-making process in mining dam decharacterization solutions, facilitating traceability and understanding between the stakeholders involved in projects of this nature.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Utilização da termografia infravermelha embarcada em RPA como alternativa de monitoramento de surgências em uma barragem de mineração(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-05-17) BARROS, Eudes José Melo de; GOUVEIA, Fernanda Pereira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1772072130947378Safety inspections aim to detect anomalies in structures, and the entrepreneur must guarantee these procedures, in accordance with ANM Resolution No. 95/2022. Therefore, many mining companies have been seeking more efficient methods or techniques that allow for less use of resources and, at the same time, greater control of information from inspected locations. In cases of detecting areas with emergencies, research shows that infrared thermography on board a RPA (Remotely Piloted Aircraft), popularly known as a drone, (TERMO-RPA) is efficient in identifying areas with humidity and infiltrations. Therefore, the objective of the research is to propose the use of this method in the inspection procedures of a mining dam, aiming to detect areas with emergencies. The methodology adopted comprised the following steps: a) Characterization of the dam; b) Description of the methodology of TERMO-RPA inspection procedures; c) Treatment of thermal camera images after inspections; d) Characterization tests of the soil collected from the regions for classification and analysis of possible influence on the detection of emergences; e) Determination of environmental variables in the inspected regions; f) Preparation and analysis of TERMO-RPA thermographic mapping, g) Description of routine dam inspection procedures and advantages of inspection with the TERMO-RPA method. It was concluded that there is an inversely proportional correlation between the temperatures obtained from soil thermography and soil humidity, that is, areas with lower temperatures presented higher percentages of humidity, while in areas with higher temperatures, humidity was lower, This behavior was observed in both periods (dry and rainy). It was not possible to reach an assertive conclusion about the influence of the type of soil and the effectiveness of detecting emergences, since the regions with the presence of humidity are composed of the same type of soil. It was possible to identify advantages in using TERMO-RPA when compared to routine inspections carried out by the entrepreneur, namely: safety aspect with reduced risk exposure; greater agility; absence of restrictions on access to inspection sites; In terms of range, it makes it possible to vary the taking of thermal images of the dam, depending on desired altitudes. Finally, future work is suggested to evaluate the influence of environmental conditions such as temperature and humidity, as well as the presence of vegetation on the soil surface when using the TERMO-RPA method.