Navegando por Afiliação "CARVALHO, A. C. Universidade Federal do Pará"

Agora exibindo 1 - 7 de 7

Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Características socioeconômicas pré-industriais e a eclosão do processo de industrialização na Alemanha
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-10) CARVALHO, André Cutrim; DUARTE, Pedro Henrique Evangelista; CANO, Wilson
This article seeks to identify means of rapid change and development for which Germany has passed. It must be said that there were a number of favorable factors for the process of industrialization was initiated, such as resource potential and underutilized labor looking for entrepreneurs willing to invest their capital, and the influence of English industrialization process, while Germany led to new products, creating markets for the products of this country and incited interest in using new technologies. In addition, another key aspect of German industrialization was the practice of protectionism. While large parts of the industrialized countries followed the liberalizing logic in relation to international trade, Germany followed the opposite path, protecting their industry from international competition and limiting access to technologies developed. It is clear, therefore, that there were many propulsion for the German industrial development, among them forces: a consolidated banking and commercial base, an industrial tradition, natural resources largely favoring the improvement of existing technologies, and finally a population very receptive on this new industrial “wave” as well as a dynamic nationalism seeking expression.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A desigualdade de renda no Brasil: uma análise teórico-estatística sobre a pobreza e a pobreza rural
(Universidade Regional do Cariri, 2015-10) CARVALHO, André Cutrim; CASTRO, Auristela Correa
The primary goal of this paper is to discuss the problem of poverty from a theoretical perspective and empirically analyze the structural evolution of poverty and also of rural poverty in Brazil between 2005 and 2011. In recent years, Brazilian government policies aimed at fighting unemployment and eradicating extreme poverty, have contributed to preventing the spread of poverty in the country. The 2000s, in contrast to previous decades, showed a systematic reduction of poverty in Brazil from a number of government initiatives in an environment of economic growth. The main conclusion of this study is that inequality of income and poverty rate in Brazil fell between 2005 and 2011. Moreover, the index (coefficient) Gini, one of the indicators most widely used by researchers in the social economy, decreased 0.532 in 2005 to 0.501 in 2011, so the decline in regional income inequality is important because it shows that the reduction of inequality was not partial and not localized in some regions of Brazil, however, despite the accelerated reduction of inequality income, Brazil still does not occupy a prominent position among the countries with better distribution of income, which means you have to persist with social policies to reduce income inequality.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Educação ambiental como instrumento de política pública contra o descarte desordenado de resíduo tecnológico
(Universidade de São Paulo, 2023) OLIVEIRA, Moises Santiago de; CARVALHO, André Cutrim
The article aims to discuss essential topics for understanding the theme of environmental education. In this context, certain crucial issues for the development of this work will be presented, namely: capitalism, planned obsolescence, hyperconsumption, environmental policy and legislation, reverse logistics, selective collection and the governance/accountability process. The study was carried out from the theoretical survey of articles in national databases, books and official documents. Throughout the article, the following topics will be addressed: capitalism and the use of programmed obsolescence as a means for the constitution and maintenance of hyperconsumer societies.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estruturação de um planejamento estratégico para aplicação do desenvolvimento sustentável na Amazônia paraense
(Universidade Regional do Cariri, 2014-11) CARVALHO, André Cutrim; SERRA, Maurício Aguiar; SILVEIRA, José Maria Ferreira Jardim da; CASTRO, Auristela Correa
This article seeks to justify the establish ment of hypothetical growth rates of the economy of the State of Pará, also known as the Amazon of Pará GD Pin the coming years, and the amount of investment needed tocarry out implementation of a state wide project of sustainable development.Toinsert this sustainable development project at the same time socio-economic and socio-environmental, it is necessary to break with the archaicvicious circle of poverty and the destruction of nature, substituting the virtuous circle of growth within come distribution and environmental preservation. The results obtained by the method of deterministic simulation, using theHarrod-Domarmodel, which can identify the product by deducting the economy, investment and capital stock variation, it is possible to determine the sum of consumer spendingand private investmentand public between 2007-2010, within the budget constraints of the Amazon Pará, there fore Pará economytogrow, and changeits production structure should investin economic sectorsthat have the potential to form clusters of small sustainablebasis.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Instituições e mecanismos de governança ambiental sob a ótica do novo institucionalismo
(Universidade Regional do Cariri, 2014-11) CARVALHO, André Cutrim; SERRA, Maurício Aguiar; SILVEIRA, José Maria Ferreira Jardim da; CASTRO, Auristela Correa
The aim of this paper is to present a theoretical discussion of the New Institutional Economics. Institutions are characterized by a set of formal rules, informal constraints by, as well as mechanisms for the promotion and enforcement of laws, ie, institutions are formed to reduce uncertainty in human interactions and the ability to delimit choices and possess mechanisms governance and decision-making, soon evolved an institutional system can help in promoting development. Accordingly, the mechanisms of environmental governance adopted in national and state management policies to combat forest clearing in the Amazon region, especially with the implementation, monitoring and use of environmental licensing, bovine traceability chain and rural environmental record, has obtained positive results.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Legislação ambiental e economia do crime na BR-163 e PA-370: análise do mercado madeireiro ilegal
(Companhia Brasileira de Produção Científica, 2018-08) CARVALHO, Abner Vilhena de; SILVA, Fabiane Miranda da; CARVALHO, Rhayza Alves Figueiredo de; GUIMARÃES, Jarsen Luis Castro; CARVALHO, André Cutrim; ALMEIDA, Rodolfo Maduro; TANAKA FILHO, Mario; SANTOS FILHO, Manoel Bentes dos
The state of Pará is home to a significant portion of regional vegetation, and this opens the economic eye toward profitability - licit and illicit, that the forest can generate through logging. The Environmental Crimes Law was created to combat and punish environmental illicit such as illegal logging. In this sense, the general objective is to carry out the environmental economic analysis about the seizure of illegal wood from processes processed / judged and finalized under the jurisdiction of the archive of the Santarém Forum (PA), registered in the years 2006-2016. The data come from cataloging performed in the archive of the Forum of Santarém, tabulating: the year of infraction; the type of person who committed the crime; the type of charge seized - identifying the volume and the species (s); as well as the fine imposed by environmental agents and the final fine paid. From this, through statistical programs, the methodological technique of cost-benefit estimation of the illegal timber market was applied, which compared the estimated value of the load - environmental economic loss, with the fine that was paid by the offender after the final decision given by the judge. The analysis of the results was based on the specificity of Law 9.605 / 98 regarding illegal logging and, in Gary Becker's economic theory, focused on the analysis of criminal activities. In sum, it was observed in the results that the estimated value of the charge seized, in almost all cases was greater than the fine imposed, the latter can still be paid in installments, making the environmental recomposition is minimal. It is evident that if the initial penalty were applied, the offender's average profit margin would be approximately 31.74% in relation to the potential benefit, which, according to Becker's theory, would keep the illegal activity in full employment. operation. However, the results show that, on average, that profit margin of the potential crime benefit amount is approximately 67%, which makes logging illegally attractive and rewarding, as the 'potential benefit' of the activity has been quite higher than the economic costs of the penalties. Therefore, it is necessary to apply more effectively the Law on environmental crimes, as well as governance activities in relation to hiring more environmental agents to prevent, combat and seize loads that are out of illegality, as well as greater activity judiciary in judging cases.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Proposta de indicadores de desenvolvimento socioeconômico e ambientalmente/ecologicamente sustentável – o IDHA e o IDHE
(Companhia Brasileira de Produção Científica, 2018-08) CARVALHO, Rhayza Alves Figueiredo de; CARVALHO, Abner Vilhena de; TANAKA FILHO, Mario; ALMEIDA, Rodolfo Maduro; GUIMARÃES, Jarsen Luis Castro; BARROS, Márcio Júnior Benassuly; CARVALHO, Ednéa do Nascimento; CARVALHO, André Cutrim
This paper aims to propose the development of two indicators that incorporate the sustainable perspective in its methodological framework, from the inclusion of an environmental / ecological dimension, together with the other traditional dimensions of human development (standard of living, life expectancy and access to knowledge. ), in order to verify the importance that this environmental metric reflects in the analyzes of a broader development, filling a gap left by the traditional indicators, which do not consider the environmental dimension as an integral part of the analytical instrument. The inclusion of such a dimension is extremely relevant in the development and sustainability analysis, as it has a direct impact on the population's quality of life. Therefore, the environmental quantification is proposed through two indices: the Environmental Quality Index and the Ecological Footprint, which verify aspects of the quality of the environment as well as biophysical aspects. Then, these environmental indices will be incorporated into the economic (per capita income) and social (education and health) dimensions, allowing to identify the level of human development of a given locality. The results of the study allow us to analyze the level of environmental quality, as well as to indicate the level of human development, showing the essentiality of the environmental dimension in the construction of development indicators, especially of a sustainable nature, which may present itself as a factor that reduces or it increases the level of development of a locality when compared to different ones, allowing comparative analyzes by the ranking method or by the impact estimation through economic-environmental modeling.