Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geofísica - CPGF/IG
URI Permanente desta comunidadehttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/2355
O Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geofísica da UFPA (CPGF) do Instituto de Geociências (IG) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA). Foi o segundo no Brasil a formar recursos humanos em Geofísica em nível de pós-graduação stricto sensu. Criado em 1972, funcionou até 1992 junto com os Cursos de Pós-Graduação em Geoquímica e Geologia.
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Navegando Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geofísica - CPGF/IG por Autor "AMAZONAS, Daniela Rêgo"
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Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Migração FD e FFD com aproximações de grande abertura angular(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2007) AMAZONAS, Daniela Rêgo; COSTA, Jessé Carvalho; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7294174204296739Seismic Migration by downward continuation using the unidirectional wave equation approximations has two shortcomings: imaging steep dip reflectors and handling evanescent waves. Complex Padé approximations allow a better treatment of evanescent modes stabilizing the finite difference migration, and does not require special treatment for domain boundaries. Imaging of steep dip reflectors can be improved using several terms in the Padé expansion. This dissertation discuss the implementation and evaluation of complex Padé approximation for finite difference migration and Fourier finite difference migration. The study of the dispersion relation and impulsive response associated to the migration operator is used to select the number of terms and coefficients in the Padé expansion which assures stability for a prescribed maximum reflector dip. The implementations are validated in the Marmousi and SEG/EAGE salt model datasets, and compared to other wave equation migration methods. The results of FD and FFD complex Padé migrations can handle steeper dips, and present a much lower signal to noise ratio than their real valued counterparts.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Migração por equação de onda em meios anisotrópicos com correção de amplitude(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010) AMAZONAS, Daniela Rêgo; SCHLEICHER, Jörg; COSTA, Jessé Carvalho; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7294174204296739Standard real-valued finite-difference (FD) and Fourier finite-difference (FFD) migrations cannot handle evanescent waves correctly, what can lead to numerical instabilities in the presence of strong velocity variations. A possible solution to these problems is the complex Padé approximation, that avoids problems with evanescent waves by a rotation of the branch cut of the complex square root, and we apply it to the acoustic wave equation for vertical transversely isotropic (VTI) media to derive more stable FD and hybrid FD/FFD migrations. Our analysis of the dispersion relation of the new method indicates that they can provide stable migration results with less artifacts, and higher accuracy at steep dips. These conclusions are confirmed by the numerical impulse responses of the migration operator, and by the migration of synthetic data in strongly heterogeneous VTI media. Wave-equation migration in heterogeneous media, using standard one-way wave equations, can only describe correctly the kinematic of the propagation. For a correct description of amplitudes, we must use the so called true-amplitude one-way wave equations. In vertically inhomogeneous media, the resulting true-amplitude one-way wave equations can be solved analytically. In laterally inhomogeneous media, these equations are much harder to solve, and even numerical solutions tend to suffer from instabilities and other artifacts. We present an approach to circumvent these problems by implementing approximate solutions based on the one-dimensional analytic amplitude modifications. We use these approximations to modify split-step and Fourier finite-difference migrations in such a way that they take better care of migration amplitudes. Simple synthetic data examples demonstrate the recovery of true migration amplitudes. Applications to the SEG/EAGE Salt model, and to the Marmousi data, show that the method improves amplitude recovery in the migrated images. We also show that the method for amplitude correction can be applied to migration algorithm for VTI media, and the algorithm was applied to the HESS synthetic data.