Artigos Científicos - FAGEO/IG

URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/2801

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Araçatuba formation: palustrine deposits from the initial sedimentation phase of the Bauru Basin
(2003-06) FERNANDES, Luiz Alberto; GIANNINI, Paulo César Fonseca; GÓES, Ana Maria
The Bauru Basin (Upper Cretaceous) accumulated an essentially sandy continental sedimentary sequence. In a first desertic phase the basaltic substratum was covered by a widespread and homogeneous aeolian sand unit with minor loess intercalations. The substratum relief favored the formation of an endorheic drainage system under semi-arid climate, a process that started the development of the Araçatuba Paleoswamp. The palustrine deposits (Araçatuba Formation) comprise siltstone and tipically greenish gray narrow tabular strata of sandstone cemented by carbonate. Moulds and gypsite and dolomite pseudomorphs were identified. The moulds seem to be genetically associated with desiccation cracks, root marks and climbing ripple lamination levels, that, on the whole, indicate calm shallow saline waters undergoing phases of subaerial exposition. At the boundaries of the study area, sand units may exhibit sigmoidal features and convolute bedding structure, which is characteristic of marginal deltaic deposits. TheAraçatuba Formation is enclosed in and later overlaid by the aeolian deposits of the Vale do Rio do Peixe Formation.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estratigrafia da sucessão sedimentar Pós-Barreiras (Zona Bragantina, Pará) com base em radar de penetração no solo
(2001-08) ROSSETTI, Dilce de Fátima; GÓES, Ana Maria; SOUZA, Lena Simone Barata
Ground penetrating radar (GPR) is a geophysical method that consists in the emission of electromagnetic waves of high frequency (between 10-2500 Mhz). This equipment has been increasingly applied for mapping of physical properties and chemical compositions of rocks at shallow depth, as well as for stratigraphic and facies analysis. The application of this methodology in Brazil is still reduced to a few studies, mostly emphasizing soil stratigraphy and eolian paleoenvironments. However, previous studies undertaken in northern Brazil have demonstrated that, in combination with traditional studies using outcrop data, the GPR might be a powerful additional tool to help correlating sedimentary successions and reconstruct depositional environments throughout the Neogene in the Bragantina Zone. In this paper, we will document a pioneer investigation applying a SYR-2 GPR system (Geophysical Survey Systems Inc.) in the Praia do Atalaia area, Salinópolis, northern Brazil, which allowed us to characterize, for the first time, facies and stratigraphy of the deposits known informally as Pós-Barreiras Sediments (Pliocene and younger). The equipment was operated using a 200 Mhz monostatic antenna in continuous mode. The acquired sections were processed using the RADANWIN software in order to increase the reflection resolution and thus allow a refined interpretation of the sections. Based on this procedure, it was noticed that the studied sedimentary succession overlies unconformably the Miocene basement, represented by the Pirabas/Barreiras formations. Three stratigraphic units were also distinguished. The lowermost Unit 1 consists of an interval up to 6 m thick dominated by poorly-defined, low amplitude reflections, which intergrade with medium-scale, tangential oblique and hummocky reflections. This unit revealed to be discontinuous throughout the studied radar sections, occurring mainly where the Miocene basement is depressed. The middle Unit 2 is circa 9 m thick and mostly includes large-scale oblique reflections varying in style from parallel, tangential, sigmoidal to sigmoidal complex. The two latter ones might reach up to 7 m thick. A strong, high amplitude and laterally continuous reflection marks the top of Unit 2, forming a bounding surface having local depressions of up to 40 m in relief. The uppermost Unit 3 corresponds to an interval ranging from 3.5 to 9 m thick, which is dominated by hummocky reflections, followed by medium-scale oblique, parallel to sub-parallel and cut and fill reflections. The GPR data allows the interpretation that the Pós-Barreiras Sediments were unconformably deposited over the Miocene deposits, as revealed by the mapping of an erosional bounding surface at the base of Unit 1. In addition, the analysis of internal reflection configurations and reflection geometries led us to propose that the Pós-Barreiras Sediments is more variable in terms of facies than previously thought, including eolian deposits (coastal dunes), as well as beach ridge, tidal flat, channel and mangrove deposits. Furthermore, the mapping of the three stratigraphic units described above is important to unravel the complexity of sedimentation versus erosion during the latest Neogene in northern Brazil. The conclusions obtained from the GPR data lead to suggest a drop in relative sea level after the end of the Miocenelower Pliocene in the Bragantina Zone, which was followed by a transgression and deposition of Unit 1 along embayments and adjacent eolian dunes and/or beach ridges. Renewed phase of relative sea level drop took place, which led to erosion of the uppermost portions of Unit 1, forming a bounding surface that is locally cut by fluvial channel scouring. Large-scale eolian dunes laterally intergraded with tidal flat, filling the depressions formed by channel erosion during a subsequent transgressive phase. At least one more drop in relative sea level appears to have taken place in the study area, as revealed by the discontinuity surface between units 2 and 3, which is in turn mantled by modern sedimentation along mangroves, tidal channels and coastal dune environments.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Facies analysis of the Codó formation (Late Aptian) in the Grajaú area, Southern São Luís-Grajaú Basin
(2004-12) ROSSETTI, Dilce de Fátima; PAZ, Jackson Douglas Silva da; GÓES, Ana Maria
Facies descriptions of the Codó Formation in the Grajaú area are provided for the first time, and its sedimentary characteristics compared to those from the Codó area to allow paleoenvironmental reconstructions. Deposits in the Grajaú area include evaporites, limestones and argillites bearing features indicative of a shallow, low energy, subaqueous, saline environment exposed to meteoric and/or capillary conditions. Floodingevaporative concentration-desiccation cycles suggest a saline pan complex surrounded by extensive evaporitic mudflats. The location of the system, whether coastal or inland, is a matter open for debate. However, the later hypothesis is favored considering: 1. Sr isotopic data, with values higher than those expected for Late Aptian marine waters; 2. calcitic composition of limestones (instead of dolomitic and/or magnesitic as expected in coastal settings); and 3. presence of continental ostracods and lack of marine fauna. This interpretation is consistent with that proposed for UpperAptian deposits of the Codó area, but the depositional system there was one dominated by more stable, well-stratified, anoxic waters and evaporite precipitation in central lacustrine areas, while in the Grajaú area the salt pan was more oxygenated and ephemeral, with salt precipitation mainly in marginal areas or along surrounding mudflats.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Heavy mineral as a tool to refine the stratigraphy of kaolin deposits in the Rio Capim Area, Northern Brazil
(2007-09) GÓES, Ana Maria; ROSSETTI, Dilce de Fátima; MENDES, Anderson Conceição
Studies of heavy minerals in kaolin deposits from the Ipixuna Formation in the Rio Capim area (Northern Brazil) showed a mature to super mature assemblage dominated by zircon and tourmaline, and subordinately rutile, kyanite and staurolite. These minerals do not change much throughout the whole section; however, each kaolin unit displays a particular signature, defined by differences in the proportions of the whole assemblage of heavy minerals, as well as of their textural characteristics. This work revealed that the lower and upper kaolin units can be definitely considered as distinct depositional sequences. A higher proportion of opaque minerals and higher zircon values characterize the lower unit. The higher volumes of anhedric, rounded to sub-rounded grains of zircon and tourmaline in the upper unit suggests that this includes grains that were undergone to a higher degree of reworking. The increased volume of unaltered staurolite and kyanite in the upper unit leads to conclude that, even considering sediment reworking, a distinct source must be invoked. The results also show that the characteristics of the heavy mineral assemblage from the intermediate unit are comparable with those from the upper unit, which suggests they might record a same stratigraphic sequence.

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