Navegando por Autor "AMORIM, Kamilla Borges"

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Mineralogia e geoquímica da ocorrência de palygorskita de Alcântara, bacia de S. Luís-Grajaú, Maranhão
(2011-12) AMORIM, Kamilla Borges; ANGÉLICA, Rômulo Simões
The Alcântara Formation (S. Luis-Grajaú Basin, Alcântara region, northern Brazil) is mainly constituted by mudstones, sandstones and limestones. These lithotypes represent a progradacional succession of lagun/washover and tidal channel deposits that overlap huge shoreface deposits. The main purpose of this work is to carry out a mineralogical and geochemical characterization of the clay minerals association related to the pelitic rocks of the Alcantara Formation, specially the known palygorskite occurrences. One geological profile was sampled (eight samples) and described at the Baronesa beach (Alcântara city). The samples were submitted to mineralogical and chemical analysis by means of the following techniques: X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence, thermal analysis (TG-DTA) and scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that the Baronesa Beach profile is mainly composed by sandstones at the base, followed by mudstones with intercalations of limestones. A wide clay mineral assemblage was described in a lagoon environment, with different contents of palygorskite, chlorite, illite, smectite and traces of kaolinite. Small amounts of dolomite, calcite and feldspars were also observed. The genesis of these minerals assemblage are mainly related to arid to semi-arid climatic conditions during the deposition period, with high evaporation rates. Two generations of palygorskite were described: (1) white macroscopic accumulations easily observed in the field and frequently described in the literature; and (2) massive accumulation, as the dominant mineral, in the upper muddy levels of the Baronesa Beach profile. This second generation is described for the first time in this work, and may constitute metric levels with potential economic interest.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Mineralogia e geoquímica da palygorskita e argilominerais associados da fácies lagunar da Formação Alcântara, Cretáceo Superior da Bacia de São Luis – Grajaú
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-04-01) AMORIM, Kamilla Borges; ANGÉLICA, Rômulo Simões; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7501959623721607
The Alcântara Formation lithotypes (pelites, sandstones and dolomites) outcrop along the cliffs in the town of Alcântara, Maranhão state, and are characterized by the occurrence of the clay mineral palygorskite mainly in the form of whitish pockets, more specifically in pelitic levels. This unit is represented by shoreface deposits generated by storms processes, covered by lagoon/washover and tidal channel, comprinsing a progradational succession. In this paper, the results of mineralogical characterization of these rocks are presented, in order to understand/define palygorskite origin (autigenic or detrital), discuss the geochemical context of paleoenvironmental conditions of rich-magnesium clay minerals formation and theirs paragenesis, specially the relation between palygorskita and dolomite. Furthermore, this research shows a preliminary assessment of mineral potential of palygorskita occurrence, showing the levels where this mineral is massive and the approximate thickness of the packets. A geological profile was described at Baronesa Beach, where 22 samples were collected in two field stages. After laboratorial preparation, they were submitted to the following instrumental techniques: X-Ray diffraction (XRD), X-Ray fluorescence, thermal analysis (DTA-TAG) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The first field stage results and chemical and mineralogical analysis were utilized in the submitted and accepted paper by Cerâmica journal. These data show that Baronesa Brach profile is composed of sandstones, in the base, succeeded by mudstones with dolomites intercalations. In the mudstones, a vast clay mineral assemblage was described, characteristic of lagoonal environment, with variations in the contents of palygoskite, dolomite, chlorite, illite, smectite and traces of kaolinite and feldspars. Two different generations of palygorksite were described: (1) in the form of pockets or macroscopic accumulations in the rich-palygorskite pelitic levels, and (2) in the massive form, as the higher pelitic levels dominant mineral of the Baronesa Beach profile. The second generation, described for the first time in this paper, may constitute metric levels with potential economic interest. In the second field stage, analysis were performed with more detail in pelitic layers, and also, in dolomitic layers. In this stage, it was possible to observe that palygorskite is indeed the dominant clay mineral in pelites, and appear as trace mineral in dolomitic levels. Data reveal that palygorskite contents tend to increase in the upper portions of the profile, showing an inversely proportional relationship with chlorite and illite clay minerals, whose values decrease as palygorskite increases. The relationship between palygorskite and dolomite is also very significant, because when the first mineral is the dominant, dolomite appears as the second most abundant mineral. This relationship is accentuated when SEM data are analysed, because both minerals always occur associated. Palygorskite micromorphological analysis indicate its origin is autigenic, that is, it was formed “in situ”, since its features do not exhibit any wearing or reworking, eliminating any possibility of detrital origin. It is known that palygorskite can be found in association with carbonate rocks and that the appropriated conditions for its formation are semi-arid to arid climate, high Si and Mg activities with Al available, and alkaline pH (~8). These conditions, added to mineralogical assemblage, indicate that Mg concentration in solution was probably enough to precipitate palygorskite, after dolomite formation. Others factors, such as changes in physic-chemical conditions (Si increasing by the consumption of other minerals (chlorite and illite?)), may also have favoured palygorskite precipitation. In addition to the observed results, new XRD data showed that upper horizons of the profile, approximately 4m of pelites, are the ones with the highest palygorskite concentration. This mineral occurrence seems to be very significant, with very high contents in some horizons, revealing prospects of future works related to industry properties of this mineral, to a better quantifying and to possibilities about its economic use.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Paleoambiente, paleogeografia e isótopos de carbono e oxigênio de depósitos carbonáticos miocenos da Plataforma Bragantina, Nordeste do estado do Pará, Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-09-16) AMORIM, Kamilla Borges; NOGUEIRA, Afonso César Rodrigues; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8867836268820998
The onset of the Neogene is market by the Oligocene-Miocene transition characterized by sea level global variations that triggered one of the major marine transgressions in the Earth. In Brazil, deposits related to this event are recorded in north equatorial coast with meaningful exposures in eastern Bragantina Platform, north of Pará State. These are composed by carbonate and siliciclastic deposits of the Pirabas Formation corresponding to onshore portion of a shallow carbonate platform. Stratigraphic studies allowed the Pirabas Platform division in inner platform and inner/middle platform. The inner platform is composed by tidal flats and lagoon (shallow and deep) deposits. The tidal flats are characterized by terrigenous dolomudstone, peloidal dolomudstone, boundstone with microbial mats, bioturbated rhythmites, and massive argillite. Shallow lagoon deposits are composed by laminated wackestone/packstone and bioturbated calcimudstone and the deep lagoon are constituted by dolowackstone, massive floatstone with bryozoan and massive wackestone with equinoderms. The inner/middle platform is composed by tidal inlets and bioclastic/front shoal barriers. Tidal flats deposits are constituted by wackestone/packstone with bryozoan, packstone with bryozoan and grainstone with foraminifers and red algae that display low-angle cross stratification. Bioclastic/front shoal barriers are constituted by bafflestone with bryozoan, wackestone/ packstone with Marginopora sp. and terrigenous, packstone/grainstone with foraminifers, and rudstone with bivalves. The platform displays a rich fossiliferous content composed by bryozoan, equinoderms, bivalves, gastropods, benthic and planktonic foraminifers, green and red algae, ostracods, coral fragments fossils; Gyrolithes, Thalassinoids, Sinusichnus trace fossils, this last one made by decapods crustaceous. In the inner platform the faunistic diversity is smaller dominated by bryozoan, planktonic foraminifers, ostracods, and trace fossils, while in the inner/middle platform zone this diversity is higher widely constituted by benthonic foraminifers fossils, bryozoans, bivalves and gastropods. The platform shows variations in the mineralogical content, where the calcite amount is directly related to exposition periods of the inner/middle platform with great carbonate precipitation. On the other hand, the dolomite, quartz, gypsum and pirite are related to progadation periods in the inner platform, with higher evaporation rates and continental influx. Faciological, fossiliferous and mineralogical variations displays that the Pirabas Formation was closely related to sea level variations leading to changes in shoreline recorded in high frequency shallow-upward cycles, with the cycles in the base of succession predominantly retrograditional while in the top are progradational. The chemostratigraphic framework from Pirabas Formation was made by carbon (δ13Ccarb) and oxygen (δ18Ocarb) isotopes, rare earth elements (ETR) and traces. Carbon isotopic ratios reflect a primary isotopic signature with variations of values related to each depositional environment. Oxygen isotopic ratios demonstrate a dispersive pattern related to diagenetic influence. The ETR’s show a homogeneous pattern with enriched concentrations in light ETR’s and heavy ETR’s depletion. Trace elements concentration (Fe, Sr and Mn) is within expected values to carbonate rocks with little influence of diagenesis in the geochemical content. The trend and δ13Ccarb excursion curve coincide with the variations observed in shallow-upward depositional cycles from Pirabas Formation. Intervals related to the sea level rise are marked by the δ13Ccarb ratios close to 0‰ while the intervals of the cycles with negative δ13Ccarb anomalies are linked to sea level falls. Correlations among δ13Ccarb curves from Pirabas Formation and global do not show close covariance, however we suggested that the δ13C purchased reflect, even minimally, the global isotopic excursions that marks the Eomiocene-Mesomiocene interglacial period. The sea level curve variation of Pirabas Formation display intervals similar to the short-term global eustatic curve. However, the bigger frequency of this sea level variations observed in Pirabas Formation probably indicates local tectonic factors interference in the sedimentation. Previous works suggested that the carbonate platform collapse in the Bragantina Platform region was influenced by the siliciclastic influx from Proto-cone of Amazonas River during the Mesomiocene. The comparative analysis of stratigraphic dates from basins and platforms along the coastal eastern portion in Amazon coastal zone suggests that the progressive increase of siliciclastic sedimentation, noted in the upper Pirabas Formation is related to the Barreira Formation progradation, as an answer to the transpressive/transtensive tectonic in Eo/ Mesomiocene due faults reactivations generated in the last thermal subsidence event in the Brazilian coast during the south Atlantic ocean formation.