Navegando por Autor "BRITO, Marilene de Farias"

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Aspectos clínico-patológicos do envenenamento botrópico experimental em equinos
(2011-09) SOUSA, Melina Garcia Saraiva de; TOKARNIA, Carlos Maria Antônio Hubinger; BRITO, Marilene de Farias; REIS, Alessandra dos Santos Belo; OLIVEIRA, Carlos Magno Chaves; FREITAS, Nayra Fernanda de Queiroz Ramos; OLIVEIRA, Cairo Henrique Sousa de; BARBOSA NETO, José Diomedes
The clinical and pathological alterations in horses, experimentally inoculated with Bothropoides jararaca, Bothrops jararacussu, Bothrops moojeni and Bothropoides neuwiedi poisons, were studied with the purpose to supply subsidies for the diagnosis of the poisoning. The liofilized poisons were diluted in 1ml of physiologic solution and subcutaneously administered to six horses, at doses of 0.5 and 1mg/kg (B. jararaca), 0.8 and 1.6mg/kg (B. jararacussu), 0.205mg/kg (B. moojeni) and 1mg/kg (B. neuwiedi). All horses, less those that received the poison of B. jararacussu, died The clinical signs began between 8min and 2h10min after the inoculation. The clinical course varied, in the four cases of lethal exit, from 24h41min to 70h41min, and was 16 days in the two horses that recovered,. The clinical picture, independent of the poison type and doses, was characterized by tumefaction at the site of inoculation, dragging on the ground with the hooves of the inoculated leg, inquietude, apathy, decrease of reaction to external stimuli, pale mucous membranes and hemorrhages. Laboratory exams revealed normocytic normochrômic anemia with progressive decrease in the number of erythrocytes, of hemoglobin and of the hematocrit, and leucocytosis due to neutrophilia. There was increase of alamina aminotransferase, creatinaquinase, lactic dehydrogenase, ureia and glucose, as well increase of the time of activation of protrombin and partial tromboplastina. At postmortem examination, the main findings were extensive hemorrhagic areas in the subcutaneous tissue, with the presence of non-coagulated blood, to a large degree associataed with edema (hemorragic edema), which extended from the inoculation site of the venom to the cervical, thoraxic and scapular region, and to the leg. In the periphery of the hemorragic areas existed gelatinous edema. There were great amounts of sanguinary liquid in the thoracic, pericardic and abdominal cavities. No significant histological alterations were found.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Aspectos clínico-patológicos e laboratoriais do envenenamento crotálico experimental em equinos
(2012-09) LOPES, Cinthia Távora de Albuquerque; TOKARNIA, Carlos Maria Antônio Hubinger; BRITO, Marilene de Farias; SOUSA, Melina Garcia Saraiva de; OLIVEIRA, Carlos Magno Chaves; SILVA, Natália da Silva e; LIMA, Danillo Henrique da Silva; BARBOSA NETO, José Diomedes
The clinic-pathological picture and laboratory findings in horses experimentally inoculated with the venom of Caudisona durissa terrificus (Crotalus durissus terrificus, according to the former nomenclature) are described. The purpose of this study was to contribute to the understanding of this type of snake accident in horses. The lyophilized venom was diluted into 1ml of a 0.9% saline solution and was inoculated subcutaneously into five horses, at the doses of 0.12mg/kg (one horse), 0.066mg/kg (two horses) and 0.03mg/kg (two horses). The venom caused death of the horse that had received 0.12mg/kg, and of one horse of the two that had received the dose of 0.066mg/kg. The clinical course varied from 27h27min to 52h29min. The second horse inoculated with 0.066mg/kg recovered within 12 days after inoculation. The dose of 0.03mg/kg had a course of 6 to 10 days, but did not cause fatal envenomation. The clinical picture in the horses was characterized by swelling of the inoculation site (shoulder) that spread to the whole leg, by apathy and lowered head, locomotory alterations shown by dragging of the hoves on the ground, decubitus and difficulty to get up, reduction of auricular, palatal, upperlip and threat reflexes, and increase of heart and breathing frequency. The laboratory examination revealed leukocytosis and lymphocytosis in two horses. There was increase of the creatine-kinase (CK), lactic dehydrogenase (DHL) and urea, and reduction in the seric levels of calcium, phosphorus and magnesium. The activated partial tromboplastina time (TTPA) increased in the horses that died. Postmortem findings were edema of the subcutaneous tissue of the whole leg into which the venom was inoculated, suffusions in the epicard of left and right heart ventricles, and bladder with hemorrhagic areas in its mucosa. Histopatologic examination revealed the liver parenchyma with diffuse moderate vacuolation affecting predominantly the intermediate area of the hepatic lobe, and slight dilation of the sinusoides in some areas, and slight dilation of the kidney tubules mainly in the cortex.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Aspectos epidemiológicos e clínico-patológicos comparados da intoxicação por Arrabidaea bilabiata (Bignoniaceae) em búfalos e bovinos
(2004-06) TOKARNIA, Carlos Maria Antônio Hubinger; BARBOSA NETO, José Diomedes; OLIVEIRA, Carlos Magno Chaves; BRITO, Marilene de Farias; OLIVEIRA, Roseane Borner de; BARBAS, Luiz André Luz
Experiments showed that the clinical and pathological pictures were essentially the same, but the buffalo was at least twice more resistant than the bovine to the toxic effect of Arrabidaea bilabiata (Sprague) Sandw. It was also shown that the young leaves are twice (October, end of the dry season) or one and a half (May, end of the rainy season) more toxic than the mature leaves, and that the plant is more toxic in October. These data indicate that the smaller incidence of poisoning by plants of the group that causes sudden death in buffaloes in the Amazon Region is, in part, due to the greater resistance of this animal species to the toxic action of the plant. Also important seems to be the coincidence of the preferential habitat of the buffalo (flooded areas) with the habitat of A. bilabiata, less toxic than Palicourea marcgravii St.Hil. which is a plant of the non-flooded areas, the preferential habitat of cattle.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Aspectos toxicológico, clínico-patológico e ultraestrutural das intoxicações iatrogênica e experimental por vitamina D em coelhos
(2010-03) PEIXOTO, Paulo Fernando de Vargas; KLEM, Marcius Alessandro Pessanha; BRITO, Marilene de Farias; CERQUEIRA, Valíria Duarte; FRANÇA, Ticiana do Nascimento
Toxicological, clinic-pathological and ultrastructural aspects of iatrogenic and experimental subcutaneous poisoning in rabbits by vitamin D are described. Clinically the animals showed signs of cardiovascular insufficiency, as ascite and lung edema, hyporexia, anorexia, mucous diarrhoea, loss of weight and apathy. The classical alterations of minera-lization and, occasionally, ossification of the cardiovascular system, as well the lesions of kidneys, lungs, stomach, among other organs, were reproduced by the subcutaneous administration of an oily solution of cholecalciferol (non-activated vitamin D3).
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação econômica de três tipos de suplementação mineral para bovinos de corte no Estado do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-07) BARBOSA, Francisberto Batista; BOMJARDIM, Henrique dos Anjos; HELAYEL, Michel José Sales Abdalla; FAIAL, Kelson do Carmo Freitas; OLIVEIRA, Carlos Magno Chaves; MALAFAIA, Pedro Antônio Muniz; BRITO, Marilene de Farias; BARBOSA NETO, José Diomedes
Three alternatives of mineral supplementation of 18 to 20-month-old male Nelore cattle with 299.5 to 308.5 kg of body weight were used at a farm in northeast of Pará state, Brazil. To evaluate which mineral mixture resulted in better cost-benefit, three groups of 20 head were supplemented for six months, from March to August of 2012. Group 1 was supplemented with a selected mineral mixture (SMM) composed of 25kg NaCl, 50kg dicalcium phosphate, 190g copper sulphate, 60g cobalt sulphate, and 15g sodium selenite, having 133g Na, 123g P, 631mg Cu, 167mg Co, and 9mg Se per kg; this mixture was made based in previous clinical-nutritional examination of herd. Group 2 (control), supplemented only with NaCl; and group 3 received a commercial mineral mixture (CMM), routinely used in this farm, with 130g P, 220g Ca, 18g Mg, 36g S, 6000mg Zn, 1500mg Cu, 2000mg Mn, 200mg Co, 90mg I, and 36mg Se per kg. Concentrations of phosphorus, copper, zinc and iron were determined in liver and 12th ribs. The best cost-benefit alternative was the SMM; the forage alone did not contain enough Co to meet the requirements of the control group, but provided enough P, Cu, Zn and Se during the five months of the experiment.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Brucellosis in water buffaloes
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-03) SOUSA, Melina Garcia Saraiva de; SALVARANI, Felipe Masiero; BOMJARDIM, Henrique dos Anjos; BRITO, Marilene de Farias; BARBOSA NETO, José Diomedes
The domestication of water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) originated in India and China and spread throughout the world and represents an important source of food of high biological value. Given the importance and relevance of brucellosis for buffalo production, this article reviews the history, etiopathogenesis, epidemiology, clinical signs, anatomopathological findings, diagnosis and control of the disease, focusing on data from studies on water buffaloes performed in different countries and the Brazilian Amazon biome.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Carcinoma de células escamosas perineal em cabras no Pará
(2009-05) BARBOSA NETO, José Diomedes; DUARTE, Marcos Dutra; OLIVEIRA, Carlos Magno Chaves; REIS, Alessandra dos Santos Belo; PEIXOTO, Tiago da Cunha; PEIXOTO, Paulo Fernando de Vargas; BRITO, Marilene de Farias
Squamous cell carcinoma in goats of two farms in the State of Pará is described. Prevalence, correlation with the pigmentation of the perineal area and macro and microscopic characteristics of the lesions were studied. The tumors on the perineum were of varied development degrees, diameters and forms. On one farm, in the county of Viseu, from a total of 347 goats, 20 presented the neoplasia (5.8%). On the second farm, in the county of Garrafão do Norte, three cases of squamous cell carcinoma in a herd of 400 goats (0.75%) were observed. The tumor was only observed in animals in which the perineal area was despigmented. The high incidence of this tumor appears to be due to lack of pigmentation at the períneo and the high and short tail of the goats, that exposes the area to intense ultraviolet radiation in the tropics.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Deficiências minerais em vacas em lactação da bacia leiteira do município de Rondon do Pará, estado do Pará
(2015-05) BOMJARDIM, Henrique dos Anjos; OLIVEIRA, Carlos Magno Chaves; SILVEIRA, José Alcides Sarmento da; SILVA, Natália da Silva e; DUARTE, Marcos Dutra; FAIAL, Kelson do Carmo Freitas; BRITO, Marilene de Farias; BARBOSA NETO, José Diomedes
A study of mineral deficiencies was performed in lactating cows from dairy herds belonging to 13 farms of Rondon do Pará, state of Pará, Brazil. We determined the levels of phosphorus (P) in the bone and levels of copper (Cu), cobalt (Co), selenium (Se) and zinc (Zn) in the liver of 47 dairy cows in lactation 2. The samples were collected by means of biopsies taken on the top third of the 12th rib of the right side and the caudal edge of the caudate liver lobe, respectively. The herds were composed of crossbred (Holstein x Zebu) cattle, kept in extensive production system on Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu pasture and received mineral supplementation. The mineral mixture on 12 farms were commercial type, called "full" and the owners added a quantity of salt above the manufacturer's recommendations on ten farms. The mineral mixtures were provided in troughs without covering on seven farms and on other eight, providing of the mineral mix was not performed daily. On 11 farms there were clinical histories consistent with mineral deficiencies in livestock, and placenta retention and osteophagia were the most frequently reported ones. The results of chemical analysis showed deficiency of P on five farms, of Co on three farms, of Se on nine farms and of Zn on ten farms. It is concluded that the mineral supplementation performed on the farms do not supply the daily demands of P, Se and Co, based on the estimated daily consumption of 30g of NaCl per animal; the little adequate or inadequate troughs for proper supplementation, as well as inconstant supply of mineral mixtures contribute to the deficiency of one or more minerals.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Dermatite alérgica à picada de insetos em ovinos no estado do Pará
(2011-02) BARBOSA NETO, José Diomedes; ALBERNAZ, Tatiane Teles; OLIVEIRA, Carlos Magno Chaves; DUARTE, Marcos Dutra; OLIVEIRA, Cairo Henrique Sousa de; BRITO, Marilene de Farias; SILVA, André Guimarães Maciel e
A skin disease was studied in 159 sheep on 15 farms located in seven counties of northeastern and southeastern of the state of Pará and in one farm in the state of Roraima, Brazil. The disease affected mainly two to four year-old sheep of the Santa Ines breed and crossbreds. Clinical signs were characterized by alopecia, multifocal erythema, small papules, and crusts in several areas of the body, mainly around the eyes. Severe itching in the affected areas, restless, weight loss and lacrimation were also observed. Insects were always seen around the animals. Insects apparently associated with the lesions were captured and identified as pertaining to the genera Simulium and Hippelates. Biopsies of the skin lesions of 10 sheep revealed inflammatory non suppurative mononuclear infiltrates of the dermis with presence of eosinophils. The epidemiologic, clinical and pathological studies of the cases allowed the diagnosis of allergic dermatitis due to the insect bites.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Detecção de Brucella abortus em linfonodos de búfalas (Bubalus bubalis) em diferentes fases da gestação
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-12) SOUSA, Melina Garcia Saraiva de; BRITO, Marilene de Farias; UBIALI, Daniel Guimarães; FONSECA JÚNIOR, Antônio Augusto; SILVA, Jenevaldo Barbosa da; REIS, Alessandra dos Santos Belo; OLIVEIRA, Carlos Magno Chaves; BARBOSA NETO, José Diomedes
The objective of this study was to detect Brucella abortus in lymph nodes of buffaloes as well as to describe the lesions caused. Nineteen buffalo cows in various stages of pregnancy, serologically positive for brucellosis and subjected to culling were used. Fetal age was determined by ultrasound examination and the size of fetuses was measured at necropsy. Fragments of lymph nodes were collected for histopathology and qPCR. The detection of B. abortus DNA in the lymph nodes was checked from the fourth month of pregnancy in seven buffaloes and in a post-calving buffalo. Acute to chronic lymphadenitis was histologically diagnosed. B. abortus DNA was detected in all evaluated groups of lymph nodes; the mammary lymph nodes were the most affected.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Detecção e tratamento de otite por Rhabditis blumi em bovinos da região Norte do Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-07) BARBOSA NETO, José Diomedes; SILVA, Jenevaldo Barbosa da; LIMA, Danillo Henrique da Silva; ARAÚJO, Luiz Henrique Vilela; SANTOS, Lívia Loiola dos; REIS, Alessandra dos Santos Belo; SALVARANI, Felipe Masiero; BRITO, Marilene de Farias
This study aimed to describe the occurrence of parasitic otitis caused by Rhabditis blumi in dairy cattle of the Gir race from a farm in northern Brazil. Forty-two samples were collected from cattle by swab washed from the external auditory canal (EAC). On clinical examination, in 71.4% (30/42) of the cattle the parasite was found in the cerumen of the ear canal, along with alopecia of head and hump caused by discomfort and itching of the auricular region. At microscopic analysis of material from the conjunctival sac the parasite was found in 90% (9/10) of the evaluated cattle. In addition, 9.5% (4/42) of the cattle showed nervous symptoms, such as mild to moderate rotation of the head, apathy, flaccid lips and unilateral ptosis, change in chewing and food accumulation in the oral cavity. Thirty cattle positive for Rhabditis spp. were randomly divided into three groups of 10 animals each: (G1) Cattle Control, (G2) Cattle treated with ivermectin 1% pour-on, and (G3) Cattle undergoing wash of the external auditory canal (EAC). Each treatment was repeated three times with intervals of seven days. In G1, 10 cattle remained infected throughout the study. In G2, 20% of the cattle were negative after the first two treatments, however were positive at the third evaluation. In G3, all cattle remained positive, but with decrease in parasite load. Identification by molecular analysis of amplified fragments through the expansion D2/D3 28S rDNA confirmed the presence of only Rhabditis blumi. Based on clinical, morphologic and molecular examination, it appears to be the first report of the occurrence of R. blumi infection in Gir cattle in the State of Pará, due to the purchase of cattle from areas where parasitic otitis has been diagnosed, as from Minas Gerais, to produce crossbred animals (Gir x Holstein). This emphasizes the importance of prior clinical examination by the veterinary service in order to transfer only healthy animals to other properties or regions. This appears also to be the first report on R. blumi infection of the conjunctival sac in cattle. Treatment with ivermectin in G2 did not produce clinical improvement.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Diagnóstico de paratuberculose por biópsia retal em búfalos
(2015-10) REIS, Alessandra dos Santos Belo; BRITO, Marilene de Farias; BEZERRA JÚNIOR, Pedro Soares; FONSECA JÚNIOR, Antônio Augusto; UBIALI, Daniel Guimarães; MOTA, Rinaldo Aparecido; LEITE, Rômulo Cerqueira; BARBOSA NETO, José Diomedes
Paratuberculosis in a herd of buffaloes was studied in the municipality of São Mateus, Maranhão, Brazil. Rectal biopsies were performed in 140 male and female Murrah, Mediterranean and crossbreed buffaloes older than 3 years. Postmortem examination of 11 buffaloes was performed to compare the rectal biopsies with possible lesions in mesenteric nodes and the intestine. The history of the herd and clinical examination revealed progressive weight loss and non-responsive antimicrobial diarrhea, dehydration and submandibular edema. Rectal biopsies showed in six buffaloes microscopically suggestive lesions for paratuberculosis through hematoxilin-eosin staining (HE), characterized by moderate multifocal granulomatous enteritis with epithelioid cell infiltration. In four buffaloes Langhans giant cells were found. In 15 buffaloes lymphocytic infiltrate was observed in the lamina propria of the large intestine. Ziehl-Neelsen staining (ZN) revealed in 4.3% (6/140) acid-fast bacilli in the rectal mucosa. Real time PCR amplified to 5.71% (7/140) Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Map) DNA. 11 buffalos were submitted to postmortem examination, gross examination revealed augmented mesenteric nodes with whitish areas in the cut surface. The mucosa of the small intestine was irregular and thickened, with evident traverse folds and Peyer plates. The brownish intestinal content was fluid, the ileocecal valve area thickened and edematous with evident lymphatic vessels. Histological lesions in the mesenteric lymph node and small intestine four buffalo were compatible with those already described in the literature, and presented acid-fast bacilli by ZN staining and amplification of Map genetic material in qPCR. The concordance between the rectal biopsy and the postmortem samples was in agreement with the Kappa test (K=0.792) and was considered substantial or high. The rectal biopsy showed to be promising and can be used by practitioners, together with other techniques, for antemortem diagnosis in buffalo herds suspected to be affected by paratuberculosis. Samples obtained by rectal biopsy were suitable for ZN staining and real time PCR. Rectal biopsy can be used as a tool for diagnosis and control of Johne´s disease in buffaloes to select and eliminate positive animals within the herd and decrease gradually the spread of Map.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Epidemiological, clinical and pathological aspects of an outbreak of periodontitis in sheep
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-11) SILVA, Natália da Silva e; SILVEIRA, José Alcides Sarmento da; LIMA, Danillo Henrique da Silva; BOMJARDIM, Henrique dos Anjos; BRITO, Marilene de Farias; BORSANELLI, Ana Carolina; DUTRA, Iveraldo dos Santos; BARBOSA NETO, José Diomedes
The objective of this study was to describe the epidemiological, clinical and pathological aspects of an outbreak of periodontitis in sheep that occurred on a rural property in Benevides, in the state of Pará, Brazil. The first clinical signs of this disease in the herd - visible nodular swollen mandible - were observed about one month after the sheep began grazing on a recently renovated Panicum maximum cv. Massai pasture; the animals were also supplemented with elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum). From the 545 adult Santa Ines, Dorper, Texel and crossbred sheep, 20 (3.7%) showed facial bulging, particularly of the mandible. These 20 sheep, which were generally over 36 months of age, had low body condition scores as well as dull and ruffled coats; many of them had loose or missing pre, upper or lower molars, showed the formation of abscesses and fistulas, exhibited pain upon palpation and had difficulty chewing. In the same herd, the prevalence of periodontal lesions at the premolars and molar teeth was evaluated via post-mortem examination of 39 young and 17 adult sheep. In 51.3% (20/39) of adolescents and in 100% of adults, periodontal lesions were found at least at one tooth of the dental arch, with unilateral or bilateral periodontal lesions at the maxillary and mandibular teeth. Histopathological analysis of 13 sheep revealed pyogranulomatous inflammation. The second and third maxillary premolars were the teeth that were most affected in young animals, whereas the third pre-molar and the molars, of the maxilla and mandible, were most often affected in adults. These lesions led to severe bone destruction, alterations in the dental arch, occlusion, tooth loss and periodontal abscesses. The epidemiological and clinic-pathological characteristics of this periodontitis outbreak, described here for the first time in sheep in Brazil, were similar to those for bovine periodontitis (“cara inchada”).
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Equívocos arraigados no meio pecuário sobre deficiências e suplementação minerais em bovinos no Brasil
(2014-03) MALAFAIA, Pedro Antônio Muniz; COSTA, Rogerio Magnoli; BRITO, Marilene de Farias; PEIXOTO, Paulo Fernando de Vargas; BARBOSA NETO, José Diomedes; TOKARNIA, Carlos Maria Antônio Hubinger; DÖBEREINER, Jürgen
The economic importance of mineral deficiencies in cattle and their supplementation for animal health and production is well established. But in spite of the existing knowledge and conscience of professionals on this subject in Brazil, there are numerous erroneous interpretations and superstitions on mineral supplementation for cattle, together with indiscriminate commercialization of mineral mixtures; the latter, thoroughly accepted and applied in the rural area, causes considerable economic losses to the cattle industry. In this article of general interest we discuss, one by one, the most important misunderstandings and superstitions regarding this subject.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estudo comparativo da toxidez de Palicourea juruana (Rubiaceae) para búfalos e bovinos
(2004-03) OLIVEIRA, Carlos Magno Chaves; BARBOSA NETO, José Diomedes; MACÊDO, Raquel Soares Cavaleiro de; BRITO, Marilene de Farias; PEIXOTO, Paulo Fernando de Vargas; TOKARNIA, Carlos Maria Antônio Hubinger
An experimental study was performed to establish the toxicity of Palicourea juruana for buffaloes and to add new data on the toxicity of this plant for cattle. The clinical and pathological pictures were similar, but a comparison of the lethal doses for buffaloes (1-2g/kg) and cattle (0.25g/kg) shows that the buffalo is at least 4 times more resistant. In experiments performed 10 years earlier with the fresh leaves - collected on the same farm in July, at the beginning of the dry season, only 2 months later than in this second experimental series - the lethal dose for cattle was 2 g/kg. No explanation was found for the extremely high toxicity of the plant observed in the present study.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Infecção transplacentária e intrauterina por Brucella abortus em búfalos (Bubalus bubalis)
(2015-11) SOUSA, Melina Garcia Saraiva de; SALVARANI, Felipe Masiero; BOMJARDIM, Henrique dos Anjos; FONSECA JÚNIOR, Antônio Augusto; PREIS, Ingred Sales; BRITO, Marilene de Farias; LEITE, Rômulo Cerqueira; BARBOSA NETO, José Diomedes
The objective of this study was to detect Brucella abortus and injuries caused by the bacteria in fetal membranes and fetuses. Twenty buffaloes serologically positive for brucellosis were used and subjected to stamping for collection of material from the closed uterus of several months gestation. Fetal age was determined by ultrasound examination and the size of fetuses was measured at necropsy. The samples were subjected to histopathology and qPCR. From the second month of pregnancy on it was possible to detect the presence of B. abortus DNA in amniotic fluid, allantoic liquid and uterus, and from the fifth month on in placenta, heart, spleen, kidney, lung, intestine, liver and lymph nodes of the fetuses. The main pathological findings were fibrinous suppurative necrotic placentitis, and chronic endometritis.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Intoxicação natural e experimental por Metternichia princeps (Solanaceae) em caprinos
(2012-09) PRADO, Juliana da Silva; BRITO, Marilene de Farias; CALDAS, Saulo Andrade; YAMASAKI, Elise Miyuki; BARBOSA NETO, José Diomedes; MAIA, Diogo dos Santos; TOKARNIA, Carlos Maria Antônio Hubinger
From 2007 to 2009 a nephrotoxic disease of subacute course and high mortality in goats occurred on a farm in the county of Itaguaí, Rio de Janeiro. Metternichia princeps, a plant of the Solanaceae family, was suspected to be the cause. Through experiments in goats the clinical-pathological picture of poisoning by the plant and the lethal dose were established. For the experiments 12 young and adult goats of different races, both sexes and with weights above 15 kg were used. The goats that received 30g/kg in 5 days, 15g/kg in 3 days, single doses of 10g/kg and 5g/kg, all died. Of two goats that received single doses of 2.5g/kg, one died but the other did not show any clinical sign; a goat that received the single dose of 1.25g/kg also did not show any symptom of poisoning. First clinical signs were observed from 7 hours to 46h45min after the plant intake. The clinical course varied from 3h6min to 126h40min. First clinical signs were loss of appetite, adipsia, apathy and reluctance to move. After the animals entered in sternal decubitus and when they were placed in standing position, they kept their front limbs flexed, supported only by the posterior limbs on the floor until evolving into flexion of all four limbs followed by lateral decubitus. Postmortem examination revealed edema of the perirenal adipose tissue, pale kidneys which on the cut-surface showed whitish stripes from the cortex to the medullar area. At histopathology, severe coagulative necrosis of epithelial cells of the kidney tubules was seen. Compared with the natural cases, the goats experimentally poisoned by M. princeps, presented a similar clinic-pathological picture. By these experiments it could be proved that Metternichia princeps is the toxic plant that causes a nephrotoxic disease in goats in the Rio de Janeiro area; the minor lethal dose was 2,5g/kg in the experiments.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Intoxicação por Cestrum laevigatum (Solanaceae) em bubalinos
(2010-12) BARBOSA NETO, José Diomedes; OLIVEIRA, Carlos Magno Chaves; PINHEIRO, Cleyton Prado; LOPES, Cinthia Távora de Albuquerque; MARQUES, Débora Maria Marquiori; BRITO, Marilene de Farias; YAMASAKI, Elise Miyuki; TOKARNIA, Carlos Maria Antônio Hubinger
Based on the history and clinical and pathological data, as well as on inspection of the pastures, a mortality of buffaloes in the county of Itaguaí/RJ, Brazil, was diagnosed as poisoning by Cestrum laevigatum Schlecht., a plant of the Solanaceae family. The poisoning was reproduced in two buffaloes. Dried leaves of the shrub were administered by hand, in single doses corresponding to 20g/kg and 40g/kg of the fresh leaves, to four buffaloes of the Murrah breed. The dose corresponding to 40g/kg of the fresh leaves caused signs of poisoning, as apathy, anorexia, absence of rumen movements, dysmetria, excitement and aggressiveness, followed by death of the two buffaloes within 65 hours after administration. From the two buffaloes that received the corresponding dose of 20g/kg of the fresh plant, one presented clinical signs characterized mainly by decrease of the rumen movements, but recovered 97h22min after the administration; the other buffalo did not show symptoms of poisoning. Laboratory analyses for biochemical evaluation accused hepatic alterations. In one buffalo that died, the main macroscopic finding was an orange liver with a clear nutmeg appearance; in the second buffalo, the orange liver had no nutmeg appearance. Other alterations found in these two buffaloes were slight edema of the gall bladder wall, a slightly reddish mucous membrane of the abomasum, extensive echymoses in the endocard of the left ventricle and few petechiae in the endocard of the right ventricle; the abomasum content was slightly dry, and the large intestine had little and slightly dry contents wrapped by mucus. Histopatological examination revealed severe coagulative necrosis of the liver parenchyma in the centrolobular and intermediate lobular areas, with a halo of vacuolated hepatocytes at the periphery of the necrotic areas.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Meningoencefalite e polioencefalomalacia causadas por Herpesvírus bovino-5 no estado do Pará
(2006-03) CORREA, Gabriela Riet; DUARTE, Marcos Dutra; BARBOSA NETO, José Diomedes; OLIVEIRA, Carlos Magno Chaves; CERQUEIRA, Valíria Duarte; BRITO, Marilene de Farias; CORREA, Franklin Riet
Four outbreaks of meningoencephalitis in 1 to 2 years old cattle caused by Bovine herpesvirus-5 are reported in four municipalities in the state of Pará, northern Brazil. In three outbreaks only one animal was affected, in another 3 cattle were affected. Main clinical signs were incoordination, dullness, blindness, recumbence, and opisthotonus. Death occurred after a clinical manifestation period of 3-4 days. Softening and yellowish areas were observed grossly in the cerebral cortex. The histology revealed poliencephalomalacia in the cerebral cortex, thalamus and basal nuclei, and non suppurative encephalitis and meningitis, and eosinophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies in astrocytes. The diagnosis was based on the typical microscopic lesions.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Quadro clínico-patológico do envenenamento crotálico experimental em bubalinos comparado com o de bovinos
(2011-11) BARBOSA NETO, José Diomedes; SOUSA, Melina Garcia Saraiva de; TOKARNIA, Carlos Maria Antônio Hubinger; BRITO, Marilene de Farias; REIS, Alessandra dos Santos Belo; BOMJARDIM, Henrique dos Anjos; LOPES, Cinthia Távora de Albuquerque; OLIVEIRA, Carlos Magno Chaves
The objective of the study was to verify the sensibility of buffaloes to the poison of Cro- talus durissus terri icus and to study the clinical-pathological picture in buffaloes in com- parison with the one in cattle. The subcutaneous inoculation of the lio ilized poison of the snake, diluted in 1ml of physiologic solution, was done in the area of the humerus-radio- -ulnar joint of three buffaloes at doses of 0.015, 0.03 and 0.066mg/kg, and of two cattle at doses of 0.03 and 0.066mg/kg. The buffalo that received the 0.03mg/kg dose presented severe clinical signs but recovered six days later. The bovine that received the same dose, died after a clinical course of 22h56min. The 0.066mg/kg dose caused death of the bovine as also the buffalo, with a clinical course of 4h23min and 8h12min, respectively. The bu- ffalo that received the 0.015mg/kg dose recovered, after a course of 48 hours. The buffalo that died, showed clinical signs from 3h58min on, and the buffaloes that showed symp- toms from 17h25min and 24h00min after inoculation of the venom, but recovered. In the two cattle that died (with doses of 0.03 and 0.066mg/kg), the irst clinical signs occurred 6h10min and 6h31min after the inoculation of the venom. The inoculation produced in the buffaloes and cattle nervous symptoms of laccid paralysis. The main signs observed in the buffaloes as well as the cattle, were slight volume increase at the site of inoculation, respiration dif iculties characterized by predominantly abdominal breathing, apathy, sia- lorreia, dif iculty to get up when stimulated, evolution to sternal decubitus followed by lateral decubitus with peddling movements of the legs, and decrease of the re lexes related to the cranial nerves. The buffaloes showed also augmentation of the sustentation base, dragging of the hooves of the hind legs, slow and staggering gait, dif iculty in apprehension of the food, The cattle showed additionally paralysis of the eyeballs, revealed through non- -exhibition of the sclera during head rotation in latero-caudal direction. Laboratory exams revealed in the cattle and the buffaloes leucocytosis by neutro ilia, and in the biochemis- try series, increase in the levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartato aminotransferase, creatinaquinase and lactic dehydrogenase. There was no alteration in the urinalysis nor in the activation time of protrombine and in the time of partially activated tromboplastin. Necropsy only evidenced slight edema corresponding to the inoculation site in one bovine. Histopathological examination revealed picnosis of the epitelial cell nuclei of some kidney tubules in the cortex (in the buffalo and in one bovine) and slight vacuolation of hepatocites (in one bovine).