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Avaliação do programa municípios verdes na perspectiva da gestão ambiental e do impacto sobre o controle do desmatamento no Estado do Pará.
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-10-24) CASTELO, Thiago Bandeira; SANTOS , Ricardo Bruno Nascimento dos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3685339264701382; ADAMI, Marcos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7484071887086439
The State of Pará is the second largest state in the Legal Amazon, with vast biodiversity and large areas of natural forest. These conditions have attracted, over the years, actors interested in exploiting their natural wealth through the opening of areas over the forests with disorderly logging for livestock and agricultural crops, as well as the execution of energy ventures. Thus, as exponentially increasing deforestation rates in the 2000s, government actions prevailed through programs and political projects to combat deforestation. Within the context of the policies, the Programa Municípios Verdes (PMV), which since 2011 has sought to support the environmental management of the municipalities of Pará through punitive and educational measures to farmers, in addition to setting goals for controlling deforestation in the territories covered by the program. Two extremes exist for the municipalities participating in the program. On the one hand, there are the “Embargados” municipalities with high deforestation rates and, consequently, restrictions on trade and agricultural production. On the other hand, there are controlled or monitored “verdes” municipalities that meet PMV goals. Considering deforestation as a phenomenon of strong impact on the environment, the research sought to understand and estimate the impact of the program on deforestation control in green municipalities, thus defining the effectiveness of the policy in achieving its objectives. Understanding if, in fact, the municipalities listed as “verdes” control deforestation in their areas is fundamental for the improvement of the actions of the State of Pará government. Control of deforestation involves adequate environmental management and recovery of forest areas. Thus, we tested empirically through robust assessment techniques and methods, the contribution of environmental management and the impact of PMV on the recovery of forest areas, estimated by the forest preservation index. The research was supported by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) in the promotion of the research grant by the programa de Demanda Social - DS and the Centro Regional da Amazônia (CRA) linked to the Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE) in assignment of physical structure and technical support in the processing of forest monitoring data.