Navegando por Autor "CASTRO, Auristela Correa"

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Análise sobre crescimento populacional e transição demográfica: limites e divergências
(União Atlântica de Pesquisadores, 2022-04) CARVALHO, André Cutrim; CARVALHO, David Ferreira; CASTRO, Auristela Correa
The main objective of this article is to understand why population growth is seen as a "threat" to environmental balance and to the well-being of the population. From a methodological point of view, the article used exploratory-qualitative research. That said, it was possible to conclude that the results achieved through the process of demographic transition in the world, as well as the population level achieved in the current scenario, indicate favoring the theory proposed by Ester Boserup in opposition to the theoretical assumptions of Thomas Robert Malthus. This is so, among other reasons, due to the drop in human mortality, which made possible a considerable populationincrease. In fact, Boserup's theory, in addition to constituting one of the great divergences from the Malthusian population growth theory, became important in attesting that population growth implies growth for the agricultural sector, culminating in an increase in food production, the which drives technological advancement through technical-productive improvement and “intensive cultivation”and, by itself,minimizes the impacts on natural resources and biodiversity by promoting sustainable land use.
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O avanço da fronteira agropecuária e a institucionalização da luta pela terra na Amazônia brasileira
(Universidade Regional do Cariri, 2015-10) CARVALHO, André Cutrim; LOPES, Luis Otávio do Canto; CASTRO, Auristela Correa
The purpose of this article is to discuss a historical-theoretical perspective the significance of the border and the issue involving the advance of capitalist agricultural frontier in Brazil, besides seek to discuss the role of institutions in the development of a market economy process. In Brazil, the incorporation of previously inaccessible or relatively unpopulated, as in the case of the Brazilian Amazon, by agricultural activities is the result of the advance of capitalist economic frontier. It is clear, therefore, that in Brazil, especially in the Amazon, the advance of capitalist agricultural frontier is occurring within the logic of capital accumulation, however one can not ignore the institutional elements that are present in their interests, and conflicts that permeate the process of economic occupation in a border region so important to the development of capital.
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A concepção de movimentos cíclicos em tempos de crise pandêmica: implicações socioeconômicas da Covid-19 no Brasil
(Unversidad del Zulia, 2022-07) CARVALHO, André Cutrim; CARVALHO, David Ferreira; CASTRO, Auristela Correa
Economic cycles have a dynamic that manifests itself in the form of waves. The inflection from the economic boom phase to the recession phase is the moment of crisis. Disregarded by many, it can be said that the effects of the pandemic crisis resulting from Covid-19 have gained typical implications of a major global crisis, especially in Brazil. In this pandemic scenario, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), the global economy has been inserted into a serious socioeconomic crisis. The fundamental objective of this article is to discuss the conceptual conception of crisis and cyclical movements in times of the Covid-19 pandemic and the main socioeconomic implications in Brazil. To achieve this objective, the article will use exploratory and qualitative research methodology. The main conclusion is that the pandemic crisis brought to Brazil a series of economic problems, such as unemployment and high inflation, but the most serious fact was the social problems, mainly the significant increase in poverty and social inequality. . The use of “auxílio emergencial”, as a counter-cyclical policy and to support the most vulnerable social stratifications in times of a pandemic, was extremely important for having created a “mattress” of social protection. However, based on a series of official data, it can be said that the Bolsonaro government was unable to succeed in its endeavor to mitigate the socioeconomic impacts of the Covid-19 crisis in Brazil, much of it due to denialist rhetoric and a lot of disinformation (fake news) about vaccines.
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Dendecultura no território de remanescentes de quilombos de jambuaçu no Baixo Tocantins
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-01-11) CASTRO, Auristela Correa; FARIAS, André Luís Assunção de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5310171409459863; SIMÕES, Aquiles Vasconcelos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0471255070027912; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2194-6594
The general objective of this research was to demonstrate how the expansion of dendeculture has affected the territories of traditional peoples and communities in Baixo Tocantins. As guiding axes in the clarification of these questions we use as specific objectives: to demonstrate the presence of dendeculture in communities of traditional people in Low Tocantins; to study the effects that the expansion of this monoculture of palm oil agribusiness has caused in the communities; demonstrate how these communities organize themselves in front of the advancement of this commodity in their territory; to analyze if the expansion of dendecultura, characterizes"land grab". In order to meet the feasibility of the research, the methodology used made a temporal cut in the implementation period of the PNPB until the date of the research, making an approach to the historical context and the process of genesis and the factors that allowed the implementation of the policy, taking into account the arena of public action, actors, values, algorithms, norms and images of that policy. As a result of the social sciences demand the confrontation of the real with research theory, (QUIVY, CAMPENHOUDT, 2005), the Quilombo de Jambuaçu Remnant Territory was chosen as the place of study, located in the "cradle of dendeculture", the Municipality of Moju in the Lower Tocantins Region, State of Pará. A description of this territory was made, as well as the designated communities as a locus of research. Non-directive exploratory interviews were conducted on an individual basis or in a family group, where ladies, misters, young people, as well as leaders or members of the community who experienced the process of formation of the territory and the arrival of oil palm (GIL, 2010; SEVERINO, 2007). In addition, the data were collected using data from the Global Positioning System (GPS). As for the bibliographic material that supported the research, it was searched on university websites, government websites, websites that discuss the subjects related to the research, as well as visits to public organizations that could provide important information to elucidate the subject studied. Theoretical basis on the peasantry and the labor relations that characterized it as such, was discussed on the peasantry in Brazil. The territory was also another concept sought. As PNPB's policy refers to a development model adopted by the Brazilian government for the Amazon were brought some approaches on development at a global level, at national level and as if that development in the Amazon, and finally was presented what it means " land grab ". Based on data analysis, it is concluded that dendeculture is present in communities of traditional people in the Lower Tocantins bringing numerous effects on the way of life of these peoples. It is also concluded that this expansion stems from a global context of capital advance in the world race for land to meet its expansion goals, which at its core is land grab.
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A desigualdade de renda no Brasil: uma análise teórico-estatística sobre a pobreza e a pobreza rural
(Universidade Regional do Cariri, 2015-10) CARVALHO, André Cutrim; CASTRO, Auristela Correa
The primary goal of this paper is to discuss the problem of poverty from a theoretical perspective and empirically analyze the structural evolution of poverty and also of rural poverty in Brazil between 2005 and 2011. In recent years, Brazilian government policies aimed at fighting unemployment and eradicating extreme poverty, have contributed to preventing the spread of poverty in the country. The 2000s, in contrast to previous decades, showed a systematic reduction of poverty in Brazil from a number of government initiatives in an environment of economic growth. The main conclusion of this study is that inequality of income and poverty rate in Brazil fell between 2005 and 2011. Moreover, the index (coefficient) Gini, one of the indicators most widely used by researchers in the social economy, decreased 0.532 in 2005 to 0.501 in 2011, so the decline in regional income inequality is important because it shows that the reduction of inequality was not partial and not localized in some regions of Brazil, however, despite the accelerated reduction of inequality income, Brazil still does not occupy a prominent position among the countries with better distribution of income, which means you have to persist with social policies to reduce income inequality.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Dinâmica urbano-territorial e crescimento econômico na fronteira da Amazônia paraense: uma perspectiva histórica
(Universidade Regional do Cariri, 2014-11) CARVALHO, André Cutrim; CARVALHO, David Ferreira; LOPES, Luis Otávio do Canto; CASTRO, Auristela Correa
This article draws a historical analysis of the effects of insertion of Para Amazon in the international and national context through the actions of international policy coordination and integration on national socio-spatial formation of the Amazon Pará, main lyhigh lighting the dynamic urban-territorial there of. The periodization adopted to describe and analyze the process of space-occupying the territory of Pará economy does not follow the criterion of traditional product cycles, such as the cycle of drugs the hinterlands, rubber, miningranching, butthe criterion of identifying the key characteristics of settlement patterns and economic developmentin the socio-economic space determinations involving the formation of the national market and international market with the mediation of the state.The main conclusion is that the recent urbanization of Brazilian Amazonia reflects, in part, a continuation of the growth of the cities of Belém and Manaus, each becominga center of a large metropolitan are a that radiatesits economic and cultural impact on citiescloser.
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Estruturação de um planejamento estratégico para aplicação do desenvolvimento sustentável na Amazônia paraense
(Universidade Regional do Cariri, 2014-11) CARVALHO, André Cutrim; SERRA, Maurício Aguiar; SILVEIRA, José Maria Ferreira Jardim da; CASTRO, Auristela Correa
This article seeks to justify the establish ment of hypothetical growth rates of the economy of the State of Pará, also known as the Amazon of Pará GD Pin the coming years, and the amount of investment needed tocarry out implementation of a state wide project of sustainable development.Toinsert this sustainable development project at the same time socio-economic and socio-environmental, it is necessary to break with the archaicvicious circle of poverty and the destruction of nature, substituting the virtuous circle of growth within come distribution and environmental preservation. The results obtained by the method of deterministic simulation, using theHarrod-Domarmodel, which can identify the product by deducting the economy, investment and capital stock variation, it is possible to determine the sum of consumer spendingand private investmentand public between 2007-2010, within the budget constraints of the Amazon Pará, there fore Pará economytogrow, and changeits production structure should investin economic sectorsthat have the potential to form clusters of small sustainablebasis.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Fatores determinantes da sustentabilidade agrícola na Amazônia paraense sob a ótica da análise fatorial mutivariada
(Universidade Regional do Cariri, 2015-10) FILGUEIRAS, Gisalda Carvalho; CARVALHO, André Cutrim; CASTRO, Auristela Correa
The objective of this study was to identify and analyze the factors of agricultural sustainability in Pará Amazon, in the state of Pará in order to contribute to the definition of policies for better performance of the activity. The data of the Agricultural Census 2006 to the 22 micro-regions were used. For this, we used multivariate statistical technique factorial analysis, combined with the cluster analysis. Two representative factors were extracted from the set of variables selected for the study of factor analysis and cluster analysis for the three groups. The main conclusion of the research is that the level of implementation of sustainable techniques in agriculture is still low in the region, though already underway denote certain farm operating practices less impact to the environment. In addition, the micro Bragantina was the one that recorded a high Environmental Sustainability Index (ISA in Brazil), with score of 0.843, confirming that the managers of the sector by funding agencies have a considerable challenge to make increasingly more producers are oriented to the understanding that productivity growth depends on the adoption and development of clean technology innovation, with a few simple practices and moderate cost, viable the implementation of sustainable practices.
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Instituições e mecanismos de governança ambiental sob a ótica do novo institucionalismo
(Universidade Regional do Cariri, 2014-11) CARVALHO, André Cutrim; SERRA, Maurício Aguiar; SILVEIRA, José Maria Ferreira Jardim da; CASTRO, Auristela Correa
The aim of this paper is to present a theoretical discussion of the New Institutional Economics. Institutions are characterized by a set of formal rules, informal constraints by, as well as mechanisms for the promotion and enforcement of laws, ie, institutions are formed to reduce uncertainty in human interactions and the ability to delimit choices and possess mechanisms governance and decision-making, soon evolved an institutional system can help in promoting development. Accordingly, the mechanisms of environmental governance adopted in national and state management policies to combat forest clearing in the Amazon region, especially with the implementation, monitoring and use of environmental licensing, bovine traceability chain and rural environmental record, has obtained positive results.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O papel das inovações biotecnológicas e da pesquisa de fitoterápicos na Amazônia brasileira como fonte geradora de um mercado sustentável
(Universidade Regional do Cariri, 2014-11) CARVALHO, André Cutrim; CARVALHO, David Ferreira; CASTRO, Auristela Correa
The fundamental objective of this study is to establish an analysis with regard to unsustainable environmental economic model, also called Business as Usual or BAU, and proposed as an alternative sustainable economic model called ecosystem Sustainable Ecosystem Management or SEM, which has a goal to reverse this perverse logic. The main conclusion of this research is that the trend of growing demand from the pharmaceutical industry for medicinal products from natural sources of the Brazilian Amazon, may constitute a window of opportunity for countries possessing broad biodiversity strategies can develop from the application of the model sustainable Ecosystem Management.