Navegando por Autor "DUARTE, Marcos Dutra"

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Acúmulo de sementes de Acrocomia aculeata (Arecaceae) na bochecha de búfalos no Pará
(2009-05) BARBOSA NETO, José Diomedes; AMARAL JÚNIOR, João Maria do; PINHEIRO, Cleyton Prado; OLIVEIRA, Cairo Henrique Sousa de; OLIVEIRA, Carlos Magno Chaves; SOUSA, Melina Garcia Saraiva de; DUARTE, Marcos Dutra
A condition of buffaloes characterized by an increased volume of one of the cheeks was shown to be due to accumulation of the seeds of the palm-tree "mucaja" (Acrocomia aculeata) and of grass, in the oral vestibulum during rumination. This caused compressive atrophy with thinning and medial deviation of the corresponding submaxillary bone and exposition of the roots of molar teeth. The seeds appear to be of good palatability to the buffaloes.
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Afecções podais em vacas da bacia leiteira de Rondon do Pará
(2009-11) SILVEIRA, José Alcides Sarmento da; ALBERNAZ, Tatiane Teles; OLIVEIRA, Carlos Magno Chaves; DUARTE, Marcos Dutra; BARBOSA NETO, José Diomedes
Foot diseases are some of the main causes of low performance in dairy cows. In order to determine the prevalence, clinical classification and to establish the epidemio-logical factors of foot diseases in cows from basin milk of Rondon do Pará, 1,236 cows were evaluated and 275 had at least one type of foot injury. A total of 655 lesions was showed which a prevalence of 22.25%. Most frequent lesions were interdigital hyperplasia (80.92%), claw overgrowth (6.42%), and interdigital necrobacillosis (6.11%). Hind limbs were most frequently affected (61.83%), and lesions affecting the interdigital space were the most common in both the thoracic (36.34%) and hind limbs (48.09%). Epidemiological study showed that the environmental characteristics such as mountainous areas, newly formed grassland (with trunks and branches of trees), irregular ground, and mud and gravel in the floor of the pens may promote the development of foot lesions. In 95.5% of the farms, no measures had been taken for the control and prophylaxis of foot diseases. The specific clinical examination of the feet was efficient for the diagnosis.
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Carcinoma de células escamosas perineal em cabras no Pará
(2009-05) BARBOSA NETO, José Diomedes; DUARTE, Marcos Dutra; OLIVEIRA, Carlos Magno Chaves; REIS, Alessandra dos Santos Belo; PEIXOTO, Tiago da Cunha; PEIXOTO, Paulo Fernando de Vargas; BRITO, Marilene de Farias
Squamous cell carcinoma in goats of two farms in the State of Pará is described. Prevalence, correlation with the pigmentation of the perineal area and macro and microscopic characteristics of the lesions were studied. The tumors on the perineum were of varied development degrees, diameters and forms. On one farm, in the county of Viseu, from a total of 347 goats, 20 presented the neoplasia (5.8%). On the second farm, in the county of Garrafão do Norte, three cases of squamous cell carcinoma in a herd of 400 goats (0.75%) were observed. The tumor was only observed in animals in which the perineal area was despigmented. The high incidence of this tumor appears to be due to lack of pigmentation at the períneo and the high and short tail of the goats, that exposes the area to intense ultraviolet radiation in the tropics.
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Deficiências minerais em vacas em lactação da bacia leiteira do município de Rondon do Pará, estado do Pará
(2015-05) BOMJARDIM, Henrique dos Anjos; OLIVEIRA, Carlos Magno Chaves; SILVEIRA, José Alcides Sarmento da; SILVA, Natália da Silva e; DUARTE, Marcos Dutra; FAIAL, Kelson do Carmo Freitas; BRITO, Marilene de Farias; BARBOSA NETO, José Diomedes
A study of mineral deficiencies was performed in lactating cows from dairy herds belonging to 13 farms of Rondon do Pará, state of Pará, Brazil. We determined the levels of phosphorus (P) in the bone and levels of copper (Cu), cobalt (Co), selenium (Se) and zinc (Zn) in the liver of 47 dairy cows in lactation 2. The samples were collected by means of biopsies taken on the top third of the 12th rib of the right side and the caudal edge of the caudate liver lobe, respectively. The herds were composed of crossbred (Holstein x Zebu) cattle, kept in extensive production system on Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu pasture and received mineral supplementation. The mineral mixture on 12 farms were commercial type, called "full" and the owners added a quantity of salt above the manufacturer's recommendations on ten farms. The mineral mixtures were provided in troughs without covering on seven farms and on other eight, providing of the mineral mix was not performed daily. On 11 farms there were clinical histories consistent with mineral deficiencies in livestock, and placenta retention and osteophagia were the most frequently reported ones. The results of chemical analysis showed deficiency of P on five farms, of Co on three farms, of Se on nine farms and of Zn on ten farms. It is concluded that the mineral supplementation performed on the farms do not supply the daily demands of P, Se and Co, based on the estimated daily consumption of 30g of NaCl per animal; the little adequate or inadequate troughs for proper supplementation, as well as inconstant supply of mineral mixtures contribute to the deficiency of one or more minerals.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Dermatite alérgica à picada de insetos em ovinos no estado do Pará
(2011-02) BARBOSA NETO, José Diomedes; ALBERNAZ, Tatiane Teles; OLIVEIRA, Carlos Magno Chaves; DUARTE, Marcos Dutra; OLIVEIRA, Cairo Henrique Sousa de; BRITO, Marilene de Farias; SILVA, André Guimarães Maciel e
A skin disease was studied in 159 sheep on 15 farms located in seven counties of northeastern and southeastern of the state of Pará and in one farm in the state of Roraima, Brazil. The disease affected mainly two to four year-old sheep of the Santa Ines breed and crossbreds. Clinical signs were characterized by alopecia, multifocal erythema, small papules, and crusts in several areas of the body, mainly around the eyes. Severe itching in the affected areas, restless, weight loss and lacrimation were also observed. Insects were always seen around the animals. Insects apparently associated with the lesions were captured and identified as pertaining to the genera Simulium and Hippelates. Biopsies of the skin lesions of 10 sheep revealed inflammatory non suppurative mononuclear infiltrates of the dermis with presence of eosinophils. The epidemiologic, clinical and pathological studies of the cases allowed the diagnosis of allergic dermatitis due to the insect bites.
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Etiologia e perfil de sensibilidade de bactérias isoladas de ovelhas com mastite na região Nordeste do estado do Pará
(2010-12) SILVA, Natália da Silva e; SILVEIRA, José Alcides Sarmento da; PINHEIRO, Cleyton Prado; SOUSA, Melina Garcia Saraiva de; OLIVEIRA, Carlos Magno Chaves; MENDONÇA, Carla Lopes de; DUARTE, Marcos Dutra; BARBOSA NETO, José Diomedes
The objective of this paper was to study the etiology of mastitis in sheep at northeastern Pará, and to establish the sensitivity of isolated bacteria to antibiotics. A total of 176 Santa Inês nursing sheep kept in semi-intensive system from seven properties were examined. The mammary gland was clinically examined and the milk was submitted to the Caneca Telada Test, the California Mastitis Test (CMT), bacteriological examinations and antibiograms. Out of the 352 mammary halves (176 sheep), 5.9% (21/352) had clinical mastitis and by the CMT test, 7.39% (26/352) had subclinical mastitis and 86.64% (305/352) mammary halves did not have mastitis. Most of the animals with mastitis were in the second third of the lactation period, had less kids and more lactation periods. The following bacteria were isolated from the clinical mastitis Staphylococcus spp. coagulase negative (42,9%); Staphylococcus aureus (9.52%); Streptococcus spp. (4.76%) and Escherichia coli (4.76%). Were observed associations of Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus spp. (4,76%); Staphylococcus spp. coagulase negative nonhemolytic, Staphylococcus spp. coagulase negative hemolytic and Staphylococcus spp. coagulase negative non hemolytic pigment (4.76%). Already in subclinical mastitis the bacteria isolated were Staphylococcus spp. coagulase negative (26.9%); Staphylococcus aureus (15.,4%); Streptococcus spp. (7.69%); Escherichia coli (7.69%) and Citrobacter freundii (11.5%). Were observed associations of Staphylococcus spp. coagulase negative nonhemolytic and Staphylococcus spp. coagulase negative hemolytic (3.85%). The most efficient antibiotics for the Gram positive agents were penicile/novobiocine (100%), cefalotine (100%) and florfenicol (100%) and for the Citrobacter freundii were ampicilina (100%) and florfenicol (100%). In relation to Escherichia coli, 66.7% of isolates to ampicillin, cephalothin, florfenicol and tetracycline were resistant. Mastitis is present in sheep in the State of Pará, and it's necessary to estimate, in future studies, the economic losses caused by this disease. The CMT show satisfactory results and can be recommended as a screening test for diagnosing individual cases of subclinical mastitis in sheep, once had a good relationship with the microbiological examination. In the antibiogram where most of the isolated agents appear sensitive to different antibiotics tested, the antibiotics with the best efficiency were florfenicol and cefoxitin.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Fotossensibilização em ovinos associada à ingestão de Brachiaria brizantha no estado do Pará
(2010-09) ALBERNAZ, Tatiane Teles; SILVEIRA, José Alcides Sarmento da; SILVA, Natália da Silva e; OLIVEIRA, Cairo Henrique Sousa de; REIS, Alessandra dos Santos Belo; OLIVEIRA, Carlos Magno Chaves; DUARTE, Marcos Dutra; BARBOSA NETO, José Diomedes
Two outbreaks of photosensitization by Brachiaria brizantha were studied and an experiment was performed in Santa Inês and Dorper crossbred sheep, two to three months old, on a farm in Santa Luzia do Pará municipality. These animals were kept from birth until about two months of age in a suspended stall floor, fed purple elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum cv. purple), and had minerals and water ad libitum. After this period they were placed into a paddock of B. brizantha. At the time of the outbreaks and the experimental studies, the farm was visited for epidemiological assessment and clinical examination of the sheep, collection of blood samples for measurement of gamma glutamyltransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, conjugated bilirubin, unconjugated bilirubin, urea, and creatinine. Pasture samples were collected for saponin determination and count of Pithomyces chartarum spores. Necropsies with collection of material for histopathological studies were performed. Outbreak 1 occurred at the time of low rainfall, when the grass was scarce and mature, and morbidity and lethality was 43.4% and 81.6%, respectively. Outbreak 2 occurred at the beginning of the rainy season, with morbidity and lethality rates of 16.3% and 76.9%, respectively. From the 50 animals in the experiment, 10 received three times 200ml of rumen fluid taken from mother sheep of the same batch. The first of these administrations was given one day before the sheep were introduced into the pasture and the other two at weekly intervals. After 15 days in the pasture, the animals were unquiet, looked for shade, had edema of the ears, yellowish mucosae, were apathic, had anorexia and showed sloughing of the skin followed by crusting in some areas of the body. Both, the sheep of the outbreaks as those from the experiment, showed increased levels of GGT, AST, BD, BI, BT, urea and creatinine. In sheep which received ruminal fluid the values of urea and GGT were similar to those which did not receive the ruminal fluid. The creatinine, AST and bilirrubine values were lower in sheep that received the ruminal fluid. Two types of saponins, methylprotodioscin and protodioscin, were detected in the samples of B. brizantha from the outbreaks and the experiment. The level of saponins in Outbreak 1 and 2 was 0.92% and 0.88% respectively. The levels of saponins in the experiment ranged from 1.13% to 1.62%. The numbers of spores of Pithomyces chartarum in both outbreaks and in the experiment were negligible. At necropsy there was widespread jaundice, the liver was brown-yellow with marked lobular pattern and increased consistency and the kidneys were enlarged yellowish-green. Histological changes occurred mainly in the liver and consisted of mild proliferation of bile ducts in portal tracts, presence of binucleate hepatocytes, foamy macrophages, necrosis of isolated hepatocytes, cholangitis, presence of crystals in hepatocytes and macrophages.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Intoxicação por Ipomoea asarifolia em ovinos e bovinos na Ilha de Marajó
(2008-12) TORTELLI, Fábio Py; BARBOSA NETO, José Diomedes; OLIVEIRA, Carlos Magno Chaves; DUARTE, Marcos Dutra; CERQUEIRA, Valíria Duarte; OLIVEIRA JÚNIOR, Carlos Alberto de; CORREA, Franklin Riet; RIVERO, Gabriela Riet Correa
To determine plant poisonings occurring on Marajo Island, state of Pará, northern Brazil, 7 farms were visited. All farms had native pastures with low forage availability severely infected by Ipomoea asarifolia. In 5 farms poisoning in sheep by the plant was reported. The disease occurs mainly during the dry period and lambs are more frequently affected than adult sheep. Sheep with clinical signs were observed in 2 farms. In 4 establishments farmers reported the occurrence of I. asarifolia poisoning in cattle. In one farm affected cattle were observed during two visits, one during the dry season and another at the start of the raining season. Deaths are observed mainly in calves. In both species the poisoning occurs every year with variable morbidity and low mortality. One bovine and one sheep with severe clinical signs were euthanized and post-mortem examination was performed. No gross or histologic significant lesions were observed. In all farms buffaloes were raised together with cattle and sheep, and in 3 farms goats were also raised. None of the farmers reported the intoxication in these species.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Intoxicação por Ipomoea carnea subsp. fistulosa (Convolvulaceae) em caprinos na Ilha do Marajó, Pará
(2009-07) OLIVEIRA JÚNIOR, Carlos Alberto de; BARBOSA NETO, José Diomedes; DUARTE, Marcos Dutra; CERQUEIRA, Valíria Duarte; CORREA, Franklin Riet; TORTELLI, Fábio Py; RIVERO, Gabriela Riet Correa
Ipomoea carnea subsp. fistulosa is a swainsonine-containing plant causing a glycoprotein storage diseases in ruminants, mainly in goats in northeastern Brazil. Seven farms were visited on the Marajo Island, state of Pará, northern Brazil, six in the municipality of Cachoeira do Arari and one in the municipality of Soure. In all farms native pastures had shortage of forage and were largely invaded by I. carnea subsp. fistulosa. On the three farms goats presented difficulties in standing, ataxia, hypermetria, wide-based stance, lateral gait, intention tremors, spastic paresis or weakness, abnormal postural reactions, nystagmus, loss of equilibrium and falling to the side or backward. On two farms the prevalence was of 32% (23/71) and 100% (32/32). On another farm one goat out of 19 had severe clinical signs, but the others of the flock were not examined clinically. Cattle, sheep and buffaloes were not affected. Six goats were euthanized and necropsied. No gross lesions were observed. Upon histological examination the main lesion was the vacuolization of the perikaryon of neurons and cytoplasm of epithelial cells of thyroid, liver, kidney, pancreas and macrophages of different organs. In the central nervous system the vacuolization of the perikaria was more severe in Purkinje cells of the cerebellum and in nuclei of the brain stem, mainly the cerebellar nuclei. Wallerian degeneration of axons and gliosis was also observed. The high frequency of the disease on the three farms suggests that poisoning by I. carnea subsp. fistulosa is very important for goats on Marajó Island where there are large amounts of the plant in the pastures.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Intoxicação por sal em ovinos e caprinos no estado do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-06-30) DUARTE, Marcos Dutra; BARBOSA NETO, José Diomedes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1516707357889557
This paper reports the first outbreaks of salt poisoning in sheep and goats in Brazil on a farm in the state of Pará. The evaluation of the facilities and the handling indicates as predisposing factors the excessive intake of mineral mixture and water restriction. The first outbreak occurred in sheep, eight animals (1,46%) were affected from a total of 545 animals and four (50%) of them died. The second and third outbreaks occurred in a herd of 191 goats. In the second outbreak, four animals (2,09) were affected and none died. In the third outbreak, eight goats (4,19%) were affected and two (25%) of them died. In sheep the main clinical signs were recumbency, decrease or absence of cutaneous sensibility, absence of auricular, palpebral and menace reflexes, mydriasis, nystagmus, opisthotonus, spasticity of limbs, somnolence and stupor. Beside this signs observed there were bloat, diarrhea, tachypnea, tachycardia, dehydration and polyuria. The clinical course of the disease in sheep that died ranged from 2 and a half hours to 48 hours. The main clinical signs in the goats were muscle weakness, abnormal posture of the head and neck such us staying with his head down, head and neck rotation, neck extension and lateral deviation of the neck, sternal and lateral recumbency, mydriasis, absence of pupillary reflex to light, stay with pelvic and thoracic limbs abduced or in broad-based, increased flexor reflex, polyuria and intense thirst were observed. They were observed also rumen hypomotility, tachycardia, decreased skin turgor. The clinical course in goats of second outbreak varied from 4 to 24 hours. In the goats of third outbreak who died the evolution ranged by six to eight hours and two to three days in the goats who have recovered. The medium of serum concentration of sodium and potassium of 31 sheep from the same group affected on samples collected during the outbreak revealed hypernatremia (190 mEq/l) and hyperkalemia (8.2 mEq/l), respectively. The mean serum concentrations of sodium and potassium of 36 goats from the same lot of animals affected in the second outbreak in samples taken two days before the onset of clinical signs revealed hypernatremia (167 mEq/l) and the average level of potassium (4.7 mEq/l) within the reference values for the species. The averages of these same parameters in samples from goats in the third outbreak with clinical signs of intoxication (143,7 mEq/l for sodium and 3.9 mEq/l for potassium) were within the reference values. However, the averages of these same parameters in samples of goats in the third outbreak, with clinical signs of intoxication (143.7 mEq/l for sodium and 3.9 mEq/l for potassium), were within the reference values. At necropsy in only one of four sheep there was flattening of the cerebral gyri. Microscopically in this sheep there was a vacuolization of the neuropil in the cerebral cortex with moderate intensity in the intermediary surface and mild on the superficial, with increased of perineural and perivascular spaces. In these areas there was still markedly swollen nucleus of astrocytes and acute neuronal necrosis. Noteworthy macroscopic or microscopic changes were not observed in the goats. The dosages of sodium showed high values in the brain of the poisoning animals, in an ovine value of 3,513 ppm and in two goats, values of 3,703 and 3,675 ppm. Five goats of the third outbreak were treated with dexamethasone and thiamine, intramuscularly, twice daily for two days, and water was offered in small amounts three times a day. All treated animals were recovered in three days. The diagnosis of salt poisoning was based on epidemiology, clinical signs, in the lesions, in the dosages of sodium in serum and brain and in the response to treatment in five goats.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Intoxicações experimental e natural por Ipomoea asarifolia (Convolvulaceae) em búfalos e outros ruminantes
(2005-12) BARBOSA NETO, José Diomedes; OLIVEIRA, Carlos Magno Chaves; DUARTE, Marcos Dutra; PEIXOTO, Paulo Fernando de Vargas; TOKARNIA, Carlos Maria Antônio Hubinger
Ipomoea asarifolia R. et Schult. is a plant responsible for occasional outbreaks of poisoning in cattle, sheep and goats. Its oral administration to cattle and buffalos showed that the buffalo is as susceptible as cattle. One to 4 daily doses of 10-20g/kg caused similar symptoms in both species, as incoordination, muscular twiching and swaying of the head and anterior part of the body (pendular movement). In buffaloes the signs of incoordination were observed to a smaller extent. There is no report yet on natural poisoning by I. asarifolia in buffaloes, possibly because cases are not being noticed.
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Lead poisoning in cattle and chickens in the state of Pará, Brazil
(2014-11) BARBOSA NETO, José Diomedes; BOMJARDIM, Henrique dos Anjos; CAMPOS, Karinny Ferreira; DUARTE, Marcos Dutra; BEZERRA JÚNIOR, Pedro Soares; GAVA, Aldo; SALVARANI, Felipe Masiero; OLIVEIRA, Carlos Magno Chaves
The present study describes the occurrence of lead poisoning in cattle and chickens in Pará, Brazil. In a lot composed of 80 calves from a dairy herd, 10 animals became sick and nine died, but one animal recovered after being removed from the paddock. Upon inspection of this paddock, the presence of truck batteries used to store energy captured by solar panels was found. The clinical signs observed in calves included difficult breathing, nasal discharge, excessive salivation, corneal opacity, pushing of the head against objects and recumbency. The chickens had decreased oviposition and produced eggs with thin or malformed shells. The necropsy findings of the cattle, as well as the histopathological changes observed, were of little significance except for one animal that showed mild astrocytosis histopathology in the cerebral cortex. In one of the chickens, renal histopathology showed mild multifocal acute tubular necrosis. The mean lead concentrations in the livers and kidneys of the cattle were 93.91mg/kg and 209.76mg/kg, respectively, and the mean concentration detected in chicken livers was 105.02mg/kg. It was concluded that the source of lead poisoning in these calves and chickens were the truck battery plates, which were within reach of the animals.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Lesões de pele causadas pelos espinhos de Mimosa pudica (Leg. Mimosoideae) nos membros de bovinos e ovinos no estado do Pará
(2009-05) BARBOSA NETO, José Diomedes; SILVEIRA, José Alcides Sarmento da; ALBERNAZ, Tatiane Teles; SILVA, Natália da Silva e; REIS, Alessandra dos Santos Belo; OLIVEIRA, Carlos Magno Chaves; RIVERO, Gabriela Riet Correa; DUARTE, Marcos Dutra
A condition of cattle and sheep characterized by ulcerous and granulomatous skin lesions of the legs was studied. Epidemiological data and the nature of the lesions indicate that they are caused by the thorns of Mimosa pudica (Leg. Mimosoideae). The disease was observed only in pastures largely infested by the plant, and animals recover quickly when moved from them.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Lesões traumáticas de pele causadas pelos espinhos de Mimosa pudica e Mimosa debilis em equídeos
(2011-09) REIS, Alessandra dos Santos Belo; DUARTE, Marcos Dutra; SOUSA, Melina Garcia Saraiva de; FREITAS, Nayra Fernanda de Queiroz Ramos; YAMASAKI, Elise Miyuki; SILVA, André Guimarães Maciel e; OLIVEIRA, Carlos Magno Chaves; BARBOSA NETO, José Diomedes
Studies on the nature and cause of skin lesions in horses on a farm in the county of Castanhal, northeastern Para, Brazil were conducted. These were visits to the farm, epidemiological studies, blood sample collections, skin biopsies, and inspection of the pasture. The study included 25 Equidae, 14 males and 11 females, six months to eight years old. The animals showed ulcerative lesions of irregular borders on the head (nose, muzzle, upper and lower lips), in the oral cavity (buccal vestibule and gum) and on the limbs (billets, metacarpals and metatarsals and scapular-humeral joint). The histopathological examination revealed foci of cutaneous erosions with epidermal necrosis, spongiosis and vesicular degeneration of the remaining epidermis, and mild inflammatory infiltrate in the underlying dermis, consisting predominantly of macrophages and, to a lesser degree, eosinophils. The inspection of the pasture, which consisted of Brachiaria humidicola, revealed a heavy invasion by two plants provided with spines, Mimosa pudica and Mimosa debilis, of the Leguminosae Mimosoideae family. It was concluded that the skin lesions were caused by traumatic action of the spines of Mimosa pudica and Mimosa debilis.
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Meningoencefalite e polioencefalomalacia causadas por Herpesvírus bovino-5 no estado do Pará
(2006-03) CORREA, Gabriela Riet; DUARTE, Marcos Dutra; BARBOSA NETO, José Diomedes; OLIVEIRA, Carlos Magno Chaves; CERQUEIRA, Valíria Duarte; BRITO, Marilene de Farias; CORREA, Franklin Riet
Four outbreaks of meningoencephalitis in 1 to 2 years old cattle caused by Bovine herpesvirus-5 are reported in four municipalities in the state of Pará, northern Brazil. In three outbreaks only one animal was affected, in another 3 cattle were affected. Main clinical signs were incoordination, dullness, blindness, recumbence, and opisthotonus. Death occurred after a clinical manifestation period of 3-4 days. Softening and yellowish areas were observed grossly in the cerebral cortex. The histology revealed poliencephalomalacia in the cerebral cortex, thalamus and basal nuclei, and non suppurative encephalitis and meningitis, and eosinophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies in astrocytes. The diagnosis was based on the typical microscopic lesions.
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Queilite angular traumática em eqüinos associada à ingestão de Panicum maximum
(2009-05) BARBOSA NETO, José Diomedes; ALBERNAZ, Tatiane Teles; RIVERO, Gabriela Riet Correa; CERQUEIRA, Valíria Duarte; SOARES, Susiane de Oliveira; CAMPOS, Karinny Ferreira; OLIVEIRA, Carlos Magno Chaves; DUARTE, Marcos Dutra
A condition with enlargement of the oral cleft in horses was studied. The enlargement of varied extension was uni or bilateral. The cheek mucosa of the labial commissure showed slight erosions. During chewing there was loss of small amounts of grass and saliva through the oral cleft. The affected horses were in good nutritional condition. Histopathological studies of tissues obtained by biopsia, revealed a superficial epidermitis. The pastures consisted of Panicum maximum grass (varieties Tanzânia, Mombaça, Tobiatã and Colonião) which was mature, tall, lignified, with leaves of cutting edges. Based on epidemiological, clinical and histopathological data, it was concluded that the lesions were caused by the hard grass, favored by the way horses pull the tall grass and chew it.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Sinais clínicos, lesões e alterações produtivas e reprodutivas em caprinos intoxicados por Ipomoea carnea subsp. fistulosa (Convolvulaceae) que deixaram de ingerir a planta
(2011-11) OLIVEIRA JÚNIOR, Carlos Alberto de; RIET, Franklin Correa; DUARTE, Marcos Dutra; CERQUEIRA, Valíria Duarte; ARAÚJO, Cláudio Vieira de; RIVERO, Gabriela Riet Correa
The aim of this research was to study the clinical signs, productive and reproductive performance, and lesions of goats poisoned by Ipomoea carnea subsp. fistulosa after removal from the paddocks where the plant occurred. Thirty seven goats were divided into four groups: Group 1 consisted of 14 goats with poor body conditions and mild to severe nervous signs, acquired from a farm where the plant occurred; Group 2 (control) consisted of 10 goats which had also poor body conditions, but were acquired from a farm where the plant did not occur; Group 3 consisted of two goats with clinical signs of intoxication and which were slaughtered on the farm where they became poisoned; Group 4 consisted of 11 goats slaughtered as controls for the study of gross and histological lesions. The animals from Group 1 and 2 were evaluated for a period of 12 months on a farm located in the municipality of Castanhal/Pará, in a paddock where the plant did not occur. Six months later, the animals of Group 1 continued with poor body condition, rough hair coat, and nervous signs, especially intention tremors, what became with time less noticeable. In the same period, the goats of Group 2 gained an average of 13 kg body weight. Goats from Group 1 showed to be more susceptible to gastrointestinal parasites than those from Group 2. From the eight goats of Group 1 remaining on the farm only 4 became pregnant and delivered three kids which died shortly after birth, while all goats from Group 2 got pregnant and delivered healthy kids. At necropsy, two goats from Group 1 showed cerebellar atrophy. The main histological change observed in animals of Groups 1 and 3 was a decreased number of Purkinje cells in the cerebellum. It is concluded that goats chronically intoxicated by I. carnea and which discontinued to ingest the plant but showed still clinical signs, even though diminished in intensity, had poor productive and reproductive performance and were highly susceptible to gastrointestinal parasites. For economical reasons, it is suggested that farmers cull affected animals which show still nervous signs 15 days after the end of I. carnea consumption. The most common permanent clinical signs are intention tremors, probably due to the loss of Purkinje cells, what could be primarily responsible for the malnutrition of the goats, the resulting reproductive failure and increased susceptibility to gastrointestinal parasites.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Surto de encefalomielite equina Leste na Ilha de Marajó, Pará
(2013-04) CAMPOS, Karinny Ferreira; OLIVEIRA, Cairo Henrique Sousa de; REIS, Alessandra dos Santos Belo; YAMASAKI, Elise Miyuki; BRITO, Marilene de Farias; ANDRADE, Stefano Juliano Tavares de; DUARTE, Marcos Dutra; BARBOSA NETO, José Diomedes
Nine cases of equine encephalomyelitis on Marajó Island, state of Pará, Brazil, were studied. The affected horses had difficulty to stand, walked in circles, with marked depression, closed eyelids, tongue paralysis, muscle tremors, bruxism, anorexia and dehydration. Some had their ear and eyelid reflexes diminished, decreased tongue tone and tachycardia; laid down frequently they kept their head on the chest. Often they were seen resting their head on tree trunks or fences. At necropsy, hemorrhages of the meninges and spinal cord, and in some animals also adhesion of the meninges were found. Histologically there was diffuse encephalitis affecting mainly the gray matter, with meningitis and choroiditis. Presence of perivascular cuffs consisting of mononuclear inflammatory cells was observed. From two horses the Eastern equine encephalitis virus was identified by semi-nested reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (semi-nested RT-PCR).
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Surto de intoxicação por sal em ovinos no estado do Pará
(2014-11) DUARTE, Marcos Dutra; BEZERRA JÚNIOR, Pedro Soares; LIMA, Danillo Henrique da Silva; BOMJARDIM, Henrique dos Anjos; OLIVEIRA, Carlos Magno Chaves; SILVA, Natália da Silva e; FAIAL, Kelson do Carmo Freitas; BARBOSA NETO, José Diomedes
This paper reports an outbreak of salt poisoning in sheep on a farm in the state of Pará, northern Brazil. Eight (1.46%) animals were affected from a total of 545 sheep and four (50%) of them died. The evaluation of the facilities and the handling indicated as predisposing factors excessive intake of the mineral supplement and water restriction. The main clinical signs were recumbency, decrease or absence of cutaneous sensibility, absence of auricular, palpebral and menace reflex, mydriasis, nystagmus, opisthotonus, spasticity of limbs, somnolence and stupor. Beside these signs bloat, diarrhea, tachypnea, tachycardia, dehydration and polyuria were observed. The course of the disease in animals that died ranged from two hours and a half to 48 hours. The medium of serum concentration of sodium and potassium of 31 sheep from the same group affected on samples collected during the outbreak revealed hypernatremia (190mEq/l) and hyperkalemia (8.2mEq/l). At necropsy, there was flattening of the cerebral gyri in one sheep; in this animal was found vacuolization of the neuropil in the cerebral cortex with moderate intensity in the intermediary and mild on the superficial layers, with increased perineural and perivascular spaces. In these areas there were markedly swollen nucleus of astrocytes with acute neuronal necrosis. The dosage of sodium in the brain of a sheep revealed a high value of 3.513ppm. The diagnosis was made based on the epidemiology, clinical signs, macro and microscopic lesions and in the dosages of sodium in serum and brain.
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Surto de tétano em búfalos (Buballus bubalis) no estado do Pará
(2009-03) BARBOSA NETO, José Diomedes; DUARTE, Marcos Dutra; OLIVEIRA, Carlos Magno Chaves; SILVEIRA, José Alcides Sarmento da; ALBERNAZ, Tatiane Teles; CERQUEIRA, Valíria Duarte
An outbreak of tetanus in Murrah buffaloes in Belém, state of Pará, Brazil, is described. The outbreak was observed in a flock of 250 buffaloes, 80 of which were vaccinated intra-muscularly in the croup against rabies. Four buffaloes fell ill 15 to 19 days after vaccination, one died after a clinical course of 2 days, one was submitted to euthanasia in extremis on the 7th day after the onset of symptoms, and two others recovered within 2 weeks after treatment with penicillin for 4 days and anti-tetanic serum. The first symptoms observed were prolapse of the third eyelid, especially when the animal was stimulated, followed by a rigid walk, as difficulty in inflexing the members and lateral recumbence with the members extended, besides very open eyelids, sialorrhea, hyperexcitability, erect ears and slight lockjaw, and food accumulation in the oral cavity. At post-mortem examination was found a focus of yellowish pus in the croup muscles, where the vaccine had been applied. At histopathology no significant alterations in internal organs were observed. Based on the clinical picture, the epidemic data and absence of histological lesions, the diagnosis of tetanus was established. The infection was considered to be due to the use of dirty needles used during vaccination.