Navegando por Autor "FOLHES, Ricardo Theophilo"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Cenários de mudanças de uso da terra na Amazônia: explorando uma abordagem participativa e multi-escala no PAE Lago Grande, em Santarém-Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010) FOLHES, Ricardo Theophilo; AGUIAR, Ana Paula Dutra de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5810427753185619
The Agroforestry Settlement Projects (ASP) has largely been successful in achieving land ownership by traditional communities in the Amazon. In 2005, an ASP has been created by the National Institute of Colonization and Land Reform (INCRA) in Santarém County (PA), the so-called ASP of Great Lake, which has an area of 290,000 hectares and 30,000 inhabitants, and corresponds to one of the largest land reform settlements ever created in Brazil. In this agrarian context, this work aims to use scenarios derived from participatory methods in conformity with the reality of Amazon. Scenarios are tales of the future designed to better reflect from business planning to environmental analysis, using a variety of techniques and goals. Therefore, this work evaluate whether this technique can give support to the consolidation of different territorial units in this region. Thus, the ASP of Great Lake was used here as a case study. As a result, the study shows that there is great potential for replication such efforts in other agrarian reform methods of settlements and in units of conservation and sustainable use.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O Lago Grande do Curuai: história fundiária, usos da terra e relações de poder numa área de transição várzea-terra firme na Amazônia
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-12-07) FOLHES, Ricardo Theophilo; TOURNEAU, François-Michel Le; SANTOS JÚNIOR, Roberto Araújo de Oliveira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9355107718329833
The aim of this study is to understand the role of the social and environmental order influenced the peopling, land appropriation and the seasonal use of natural resources between floodplains (várzea) and firm land (terra firme) ecosystems in the Brazilian Amazon. I follow an historical and ethnographical approach to examine how social practices and the local power relations influenced the interrelated dynamic between social life and water movements (floods and droughts). The study area is Lago Grande, located in the city of Santarem, Pará State bordering the towns of Óbidos and Juruti. The main question is to investigate if power relations among social groups established and inherited during the colonial living in Lago Grande region are still operating in current times, and how this situation affects the control of transhumance between várzea and terra firme ecosystems. I conclude that the Amazon floodplains are still controlled by local elites, represented by land and livestock owners. The local elite established their socio-political power during colonial times, dominating an increasing process of entering from várzea to terra firme areas (i.e. deforestation). Since 1950, the main economical activity responsible for the expansion of land use from várzea to terra firme was cattle raising through transhumance between both ecosystems. Transumance has received a specific attention in this study, for it is among the main factors encouraging the circulation of local population between várzea and terra firme environments. From 1970‘s, large farmers started the transhumance which was later followed by smaller farmers, and intensified through the 1990‘s. Cattle ranching builds on three local practices which promote transhumance: ―societies‖, ―permissions‖ and land rentals (arrendamentos). A joint analysis allowed me to demonstrate that ―societies‖ between large and small farmers sustain the cattle ranching growth. In 2005, an Agro-extractivist Settlement was created (PAE Lago Grande) to favor land distribution and better economical opportunities among local populations. Though, the territorial unit included terra firme but not the areas of the várzea ecosystem, vital for the local economy part of the year. Additionally, the PAE also did not alter the land tenure, keeping the same historically constructed power structures it aimed to deconstruct.