Navegando por Autor "FURTADO, Ivaneide da Silva"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Efeito das clareiras de ação petrolífera sobre a composição de Drosophilidae (Diptera) na Bacia do Rio Urucu, Coari-Amazonas
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2006-04-27) FURTADO, Ivaneide da Silva; MARTINS, Marlúcia Bonifácio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8882047165338427
Drosophilidae are ecosystem condition indicators in relation to the effects of deforestation in tropical rainforest, and are a tool for designing conservation strategies in large biomes. A study in the Urucu oilfields (State of Amazonas, Brazil), was conducted seeking to compare richness and diversity of drosophilidae in artificial clearings (oilfields), natural clearings and continuous forest. Three excursions took place between 2003 and 2005. Fermented banana traps were used in 33 sites: 11 natural clearings, 16 artificial clearings and six continuous forest transects. We also, tested in the field the ability of nine species to develop is these three habitats. We captured 7,652 insects, 4,354 of which belonging to the Order Diptera (56,90%), distributed among 24 species of Drosophilidae, of two subgenus, Sophophora and Drosophila. Species distribution varied among habitats. 60,54% of the drosophilidae were of the willistoni subgroup, heavily concentrated in primary forest (79,09%). The second largest subgroup was ananassae (10,40% of total drosophilidae), in higher concentrations in oilfields (35,36%). The species accumulation curves, with 227 samples did not approached asymptotes; the estimates varied between 24 and 34 species. Jaccard coefficient similarity analysis shows 55% likeness between natural clearing and oilfield habitats, while in Morisita it measured 98,1% between primary forest and natural clearings. D. malerkotliana was the only specie of the ananassae subgroup that appeared in all habitats, with significant variations (ANOVA, p=0.001). Willistoni subgroup species appeared less frequently, only in forest areas, regardless of the original location of parental xv flies. These results show the effectiveness of the methods used and the need to increase the sampling effort to estimate the actual diversity of fruit Drosophilidae.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Efeito das paisagens modificadas por práticas agrícolas sobre a composição e estrutura das assembléias e espécies de Drosophilidae (Diptera)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-11-28) FURTADO, Ivaneide da Silva; MARTINS, Marlúcia Bonifácio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8882047165338427
The Amazon Rainforest holds the largest biodiversity in the world. It occupies more than 40% of the Brazilian surface. In recent years the rates of forest loss and degradation of Amazonia have considerably increased as a result of agricultural expansion, creating a mosaic of highly modified landscapes. These changes endanger both biodiversity and ecosystem services associated with it, besides causing severe stress on the species. Effects of stress can result in physiological changes that are reflected in morphological differentiation among remnant populations, which now occupy the new landscape. The objective of this study was to test the effect of some types of land use on the assembly of frugivorous Drosophilidae and on the morphology of some species originally settled within the forest areas that have become a patchwork landscape containing forest fragments, ecological succession and crop zones. The first study was conducted in three agricultural villages and the second within six locations, including three preserved forest areas. Sampling was performed in a standardized manner, with traps placed along the established transects on the use of predominant land within the area of study. Our results showed that the richness of the species did not differ between different types of land use, but the distributions and abundances of the species' composition were clearly distinct between intensive agricultural uses and forest systems. The forest's coverage and the relative humidity were the variables determining the distribution of the species. The agricultural uses were characterized by cosmopolitan non-native species associated with more open areas. There were found morphological differences between the individuals caught in the areas of preserved forest and agricultural use zones, regardless of the species. Surprisingly, the number of individuals captured in the forests was always lower compared to those captured in the more intensive types of use. These results show the effects of landscape mutation on the remaining populations of native species, indicating the range of quantitative and qualitative alterations on the set of species. However, the maintenance of the forest patches on areas of agricultural use can benefit the permanency of native species in these landscapes.