Logo do repositório
Tudo no RIUFPA
Documentos
Contato
Sobre
Ajuda
  • Português do Brasil
  • English
  • Español
  • Français
Entrar
Novo usuário? Clique aqui para cadastrar. Esqueceu sua senha?
  1. Início
  2. Pesquisar por Autor

Navegando por Autor "GOULART, Paulo Roney Kilpp"

Filtrar resultados informando as primeiras letras
Agora exibindo 1 - 6 de 6
  • Resultados por página
  • Opções de Ordenação
  • Carregando...
    Imagem de Miniatura
    ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)
    Comparison of two computerized procedures for the assessment of color discrimination in Cebus apella
    (2011-12) MAKIAMA, Sheila Tetsume; GOULART, Paulo Roney Kilpp; GALVÃO, Olavo de Faria
    Color vision consists of the discrimination of objects based on their spectral composition. Among primates, the majority of Platyrrhini monkeys are estimated to have polymorphic and sex-linked dichromacy. The objective of this study was to compare the results produced by different equipment and software for the assessment of tri- and dichromatic conditions in one male and two female Cebus apella. Three experiments were programmed. In Experiment 1, verifying the trichromatic condition of one female subject and dichromatic condition of the remainder of the subjects was possible using an adapted version of the Cambridge Colour Test. Experiment 2 confirmed the results of Experiment 1 using a different array of stimuli of the same test. Experiment 3, which produced results similar to Experiment 2, consisted of a test developed for a standard computer system using stimuli with color properties similar to the ones used in the previous experiment. Favorable conditions for the assessment of color vision in Platyrrhini can be built with low-cost equipment and software. Once data have been gathered with additional subjects and new stimulus arrangements have been tested and confirmed, the procedure can be used for the evaluation of other Platyrrhini species for which behavioral color discrimination data are currently lacking.
  • Carregando...
    Imagem de Miniatura
    ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)
    Escola experimental de primatas
    (2002-07) GALVÃO, Olavo de Faria; BARROS, Romariz da Silva; ROCHA, Aline Cardoso; MENDONÇA, Mariana Barreira; GOULART, Paulo Roney Kilpp
    Equating, metaphorically, the terms "lab" and "school", this article presents an experimental research program aiming to develop procedures to build symbolic repertories in capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella). The metaphor "lab-school" arises from the similarity of the training procedures, used to teach discriminations or stimulus relations, to teaching programs used to introduce gradually more complex tasks. The challenge has been to keep the behavior of the "learners" under the control of the task properties, as programmed by the experimenter. Results document the acquisition of generalized identity and indicate the possibility of teaching more complex repertoires that are prerequisite for symbolic behavior and the possible application of the developed technology in teaching such repertoires to persons with difficulties to develop conventional symbolic functioning.
  • Carregando...
    Imagem de Miniatura
    ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)
    Restricted stimulus control in stimulus control shaping with a capuchin monkey
    (2012-06) BRINO, Ana Leda de Faria; GALVÃO, Olavo de Faria; BARROS, Romariz da Silva; GOULART, Paulo Roney Kilpp; MCILVANE, William J.
    Teaching the first instances of arbitrary matching-to-sample to nonhumans can prove difficult and time consuming. Stimulus control relations may develop that differ from those intended by the experimentereven when stimulus control shaping procedures are used. We present, in this study, efforts to identify sources of shaping program failure with a capuchin monkey. Procedures began with a baseline of identity matching. During subsequent shaping trials, compound comparison stimuli had two componentsone identical to and another different from the sample. The identical component was eliminated gradually by removing portions across trials (i.e., subtracting stimulus elements). The monkey performed accurately throughout shaping. At a late stage in the program, probe tests were conducted: (1) arbitrary matching trials that had all elements of the identical comparison removed and (2) other trials that included residual elements. During the test, the monkey performed at low levels on the former trials and higher levels on the latter. These results suggested that higher accuracy was due merely to continued control by the residual elements: the target arbitrary matching relations had not been learned. Thus, it appears that procedures that gradually transform identity matching baselines into arbitrary matching can fail by inadvertently shaping restricted control by residual elements. Subsequent probes at the end of the shaping series showed a successful transfer of stimulus control from identity to arbitrary matching after further programming steps apparently overcame the restricted stimulus control.
  • Carregando...
    Imagem de Miniatura
    ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)
    Um teste computadorizado para a avaliação de visão de cores em crianças e sujeitos não-verbais baseado no teste de discriminação de cores de Mollon-Reffin
    (Universidade Federal do Pará, 2008-12-16) GOULART, Paulo Roney Kilpp; SILVEIRA, Luiz Carlos de Lima; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9383834641490219; GALVÃO, Olavo de Faria; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7483948147827075
    The present study aimed at providing conditions for the assessment of color discrimination in children using a modified version of the Trivector mode of the Mollon-Reffin color discrimination test. Since the task of indicating the gap of the Landolt C used in that test proved counterintuitive and/or difficult for young children to understand the target stimulus was changed to a square patch of color the subjects were asked to touch. The Trivector test measures color discrimination for the protan, deutan and tritan confusion lines. Experiment I sought to evaluate the correspondence between the CCT and the child-friendly adaptation with adult subjects (n=29) with normal color vision. Comparison of the thresholds obtained with both tests using Bland-Altman statistical methods showed good agreement between the two test versions. Experiment II tested the child-friendly software with children 2 to 7 years old (n=25) using operant training techniques for establishing and maintaining the subjects‟ performance. Color discrimination thresholds were progressively lower as age increased. The protan and deutan thresholds were consistently lower than tritan thresholds, a pattern repeatedly observed in adults tested with the CCT. The results demonstrate that the test is fit for assessment of color discrimination in young children and may be a useful tool for the establishment of color vision thresholds during development, as well as for use with other human populations, as well as with other primate species. (CNPq, FINEP).
  • Carregando...
    Imagem de Miniatura
    ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)
    Testes de identidade generalizada com objetos em macaco-prego (Cebus apella)
    (2009-06) SOUZA, Carlos Barbosa Alves de; BORGES, Rubilene Pinheiro; GOULART, Paulo Roney Kilpp; BARROS, Romariz da Silva; GALVÃO, Olavo de Faria
    Capuchin monkeys show generalized identity (GI) when tests are preceded by repeated shifts of simple discrimination training (RSSD) with stimuli used in tests. The present study evaluated if that facilitating effect of RSSD training could be due exclusively to the previous contact with the testing stimuli. It was given to a male capuchin monkey four GI tests with objects: Test 1 – an identity conditional discrimination task with new stimuli; Test 2 – with the same stimuli used in Test 1 after RSSD training to induce conditional control; Test 3 – with new stimuli, freely manipulated by the subject previously; and Test 4 – with the same stimuli used in Test 3 after RSSD training. The subject's performance reached the learning criterion in Tests 2 and 4. RSSD training was more effective than free manipulation to produce immediate matching to sample with new stimuli.
  • Carregando...
    Imagem de Miniatura
    ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)
    Um programa de intervenção para o estabelecimento de escolha condicional por identidade ao modelo em um macaco-prego (Cebus apella)
    (Universidade Federal do Pará, 2004) GOULART, Paulo Roney Kilpp; GALVÃO, Olavo de Faria; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7483948147827075
    The present study aimed to provide an adult male Capuchin-monkey with behavioral prerequisites for consistent performance in conditional identity matching-to-sample (IDMTS) tasks. The subject had problems in performing IDMTS probably due to adventitious development, during previous training of repeated reversals of simple discrimination, of stimulus control topographies incoherent with those needed for accurate performance in these tasks. The subject was presented with a remedial program designed to specifically develop appropriate topography of stimulus selection, and control for the relevant features of IDMTS tasks. The subject showed accurate conditional IDMTS performance with two stimulus sets after exposure to a non-conditional IDMTS procedure, in which there is no conflict in the control exerted by the stimuli serving as comparisons. Novel stimuli were presented in generalization tests, but no evidence of identity matching transfer was found. Explicit IDMTS training was then carried out with those stimuli, beginning with non-conditional IDMTS. When accuracy was again attained in conditional IDMTS, a new stimulus pair was substituted for the old, with no evidence of IDMTS transfer. Results suggest that the remedial program is effective in developing relational control by the sample stimulus. Some conditions for obtaining IDMTS transfer to new stimulus are discussed. (This research was supported by NIH 5 R01 HD39816-03 (CFDA #93.865)
Logo do RepositórioLogo do Repositório
Nossas Redes:

DSpace software copyright © 2002-2025 LYRASIS

  • Configurações de Cookies
  • Política de Privacidade
  • Termos de Uso
  • Entre em Contato
Brasão UFPA