Navegando por Autor "KUSCHNIR, Maria Cristina Caetano"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
ERICA: prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Brazilian adolescents
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016) KUSCHNIR, Maria Cristina Caetano; BLOCH, Katia Vergetti; SZKLO, Moyses; KLEIN, Carlos Henrique; BARUFALDI, Laura Augusta; ABREU, Gabriela de Azevedo; SCHAAN, Beatriz D'Agord; VEIGA, Gloria Valeria da; SILVA, Thiago Luiz Nogueira da; VASCONCELOS, Mauricio Teixeira Leite de; MORAES, Ana Júlia Pantoja de; OLIVEIRA, Ana Mayra Andrade de; TAVARES, Bruno Mendes; OLIVEIRA, Cecília Lacroix de; CUNHA, Cristiane de Freitas; GIANNINI, Denise Tavares; BELFORT, Dilson Rodrigues; SANTOS, Eduardo Lima; LEON, Elisa Brosina de; OLIVEIRA, Elizabete Regina Araújo; FUJIMORI, Elizabeth; BORGES, Ana Luiza Vilela; MAGLIANO, Erika da Silva; VASCONCELOS, Francisco de Assis Guedes; AZEVEDO, George Dantas de; BRUNKEN, Gisela Soares; GUIMARÃES, Isabel Cristina Britto; FARIA NETO, José Rocha; OLIVEIRA, Juliana Souza; CARVALHO, Kenia Mara Baiocchi de; GONÇALVES, Luis Gonzaga de Oliveira; MONTEIRO, Maria Inês; SANTOS, Marize Melo dos; MUNIZ, Pascoal Torres; JARDIM, Paulo César B. Veiga; FERREIRA, Pedro Antônio Muniz; MONTENEGRO JUNIOR, Renan Magalhães; GURGEL, Ricardo Queiroz; VIANNA, Rodrigo Pinheiro; VASCONCELOS, Sandra Mary Lima; MARTINS, Stella Maris Seixas; GOLDBERG, Tamara Beres Lederer
OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its components in Brazilian adolescents. METHODS: We evaluated 37,504 adolescents who were participants in the Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (ERICA), a cross-sectional, school-based, national study. The adolescents, aged from 12 to 17 years, lived in cities with populations greater than 100,000 inhabitants. The sample was stratified and clustered into schools and classes. The criteria set out by the International Diabetes Federation were used to define metabolic syndrome. Prevalences of metabolic syndrome were estimated according to sex, age group, school type and nutritional status. RESULTS: Of the 37,504 adolescents who were evaluated: 50.2% were female; 54.3% were aged from 15 to 17 years, and 73.3% were from public schools. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 2.6% (95%CI 2.3-2.9), slightly higher in males and in those aged from 15 to 17 years in most macro-regions. The prevalence was the highest in residents from the South macro-region, in the younger female adolescents and in the older male adolescents. The prevalence was higher in public schools (2.8% [95%CI 2.4-3.2]), when compared with private schools (1.9% [95%CI 1.4-2.4]) and higher in obese adolescents when compared with nonobese ones. The most common combinations of components, referring to 3/4 of combinations, were: enlarged waist circumference (WC), low HDL-cholesterol (HDL-c) and high blood pressure; followed by enlarged WC, low HDL-c and high triglycerides; and enlarged WC, low HDL-c, high triglycerides and blood pressure. Low HDL was the second most frequent component, but the highest prevalence of metabolic syndrome (26.8%) was observed in the presence of high triglycerides. CONCLUSIONS: ERICA is the first Brazilian nation-wide study to present the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and describe the role of its components. Despite the prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome being low, the high prevalences of some components and participation of others in the syndrome composition shows the importance of early diagnosis of this changes, even if not grouped within the metabolic syndrome. DESCRIPTORS: Adolescent. Metabolic Syndrome, epidemiology. Risk Factors. Cardiovascular Diseases. Cross-Sectional Studies.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
ERICA: prevalences of hypertension and obesity in Brazilian adolescents
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016) BLOCH, Katia Vergetti; KLEIN, Carlos Henrique; SZKLO, Moyses; KUSCHNIR, Maria Cristina Caetano; ABREU, Gabriela de Azevedo; BARUFALDI, Laura Augusta; VEIGA, Gloria Valeria da; SCHAAN, Beatriz D'Agord; SILVA, Thiago Luiz Nogueira da; MORAES, Ana Júlia Pantoja de; OLIVEIRA, Ana Mayra Andrade de; TAVARES, Bruno Mendes; MAGLIANO, Erika da Silva; OLIVEIRA, Cecília Lacroix de; CUNHA, Cristiane de Freitas; GIANNINI, Denise Tavares; BELFORT, Dilson Rodrigues; SANTOS, Eduardo Lima; LEON, Elisa Brosina de; OLIVEIRA, Elizabete Regina Araújo; FUJIMORI, Elizabeth; BORGES, Ana Luiza Vilela; VASCONCELOS, Francisco de Assis Guedes; AZEVEDO, George Dantas de; BRUNKEN, Gisela Soares; GUIMARÃES, Isabel Cristina Britto; FARIA NETO, José Rocha; OLIVEIRA, Juliana Souza; CARVALHO, Kenia Mara Baiocchi de; GONÇALVES, Luis Gonzaga de Oliveira; MONTEIRO, Maria Inês; SANTOS, Marize Melo dos; JARDIM, Paulo César B. Veiga; FERREIRA, Pedro Antônio Muniz; MONTENEGRO JUNIOR, Renan Magalhães; GURGEL, Ricardo Queiroz; VIANNA, Rodrigo Pinheiro; VASCONCELOS, Sandra Mary Lima; GOLDBERG, Tamara Beres Lederer
OBJECTIVE:To estimate the prevalence of arterial hypertension and obesity and the population attributable fraction of hypertension that is due to obesity in Brazilian adolescents. METHODS: Data from participants in the Brazilian Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (ERICA), which was the first national school-based, cross-section study performed in Brazil were evaluated. The sample was divided into 32 geographical strata and clusters from 32 schools and classes, with regional and national representation. Obesity was classified using the body mass index according to age and sex. Arterial hypertension was defined when the average systolic or diastolic blood pressure was greater than or equal to the 95th percentile of the reference curve. Prevalences and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) of arterial hypertension and obesity, both on a national basis and in the macro-regions of Brazil, were estimated by sex and age group, as were the fractions of hypertension attributable to obesity in the population. RESULTS:We evaluated 73,399 students, 55.4% female, with an average age of 14.7 years (SD = 1.6). The prevalence of hypertension was 9.6% (95%CI 9.0-10.3); with the lowest being in the North, 8.4% (95%CI 7.7-9.2) and Northeast regions, 8.4% (95%CI 7.6-9.2), and the highest being in the South, 12.5% (95%CI 11.0-14.2). The prevalence of obesity was 8.4% (95%CI 7.9-8.9), which was lower in the North region and higher in the South region. The prevalences of arterial hypertension and obesity were higher in males. Obese adolescents presented a higher prevalence of hypertension, 28.4% (95%CI 25.5-31.2), than overweight adolescents, 15.4% (95%CI 17.0-13.8), or eutrophic adolescents, 6.3% (95%CI 5.6-7.0). The fraction of hypertension attributable to obesity was 17.8%. CONCLUSIONS:ERICA was the first nationally representative Brazilian study providing prevalence estimates of hypertension in adolescents. Regional and sex differences were observed. The study indicates that the control of obesity would lower the prevalence of hypertension among Brazilian adolescents by 1/5. DESCRIPTORS:Adolescent. Obesity, epidemiology. Hypertension, epidemiology. Cross-Sectional Studies.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
ERICA: sexual initiation and contraception in Brazilian adolescents
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-02) BORGES, Ana Luiza Vilela; FUJIMORI, Elizabeth; KUSCHNIR, Maria Cristina Caetano; CHOFAKIAN, Christiane Borges do Nascimento; MORAES, Ana Júlia Pantoja de; AZEVEDO, George Dantas de; SANTOS, Karine Ferreira dos; VASCONCELLOS, Mauricio Teixeira Leite de
OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of sexual initiation and contraceptive use at the last sexual intercourse of Brazilian adolescents, according to sociodemographic features. METHODS: The data were obtained from the Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (ERICA), a national school-based cross-sectional study. We included 74,589 adolescents from 32 geographic strata (27 capitals and five sets of municipalities with more than 100,000 inhabitants of each of the five macro-regions of the Country). Information on sexual initiation and contraceptive use at the last sexual intercourse (male condom and oral contraceptive pill) has been used. We have estimated prevalence and confidence intervals (95%CI) considering sample weights according to sex, age, type of school, residence status, macro-region and capitals. RESULTS: We observed that 28.1% (95%CI 27.0-29.2) of the adolescents had already initiated sexual life, with higher prevalence among those aged 17 years (56.4%, 95%CI 53.9-58.9), males (33.5%, 95%CI 31.8-35.2), studying at public schools (29.9%, 95%CI 28.5-31.4), and from the Northern region (33.9%, 95%CI 32.3-35.4), mainly from Macapa, Manaus, and Rio Branco. Among those who had started their sexual life, 82.3% (95%CI 81.1-83.4) reported the use of contraceptive methods at the last intercourse, and the prevalence of use was higher among adolescents aged 17 years (85.3%, 95%CI 82.7-87.6), females (85.2%, 95%CI 83.8-86.5) and those living in the Southern region (85.9%, 95%CI 82.9-88.5). Male condom was used by 68.8% (95%CI 66.9-70.7), with no difference by type of school or macro-regions; the contraceptive pill was used by 13.4% (CI95% 12.2-14.6), and more frequently used among women (24.7%, 95%CI 22.5-27,0) and 17-year-old adolescents (20.8%, 95%CI 18.2-23.6) from urban settings(13.7%, 95%CI 12.5-14.9) and from the Southern region (22.6%, 95%CI 19.0-26.8), and less often in the Northern region. CONCLUSIONS: ERICA’s data analysis on sexuality and contraception shows heterogeneities in the prevalence of sexual initiation and use of contraceptive methods among Brazilian adolescents, depending on their age, where they live, and the type of school they study at. Younger adolescents and those living in the Northern region seem to be more vulnerable to the consequences of unprotected sexual intercourses. descriptors: Adolescent. Sexual Behavior. Contraception. Sexual and Reproductive Health. Cross-Sectional Studies.