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Geoprópolis produzida por diferentes espécies de abelhas: atividades antimicrobiana e antioxidante e determinação do teor de compostos fenólicos
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-05-15) LIMA, Marcus Vinicius Dias de; MONTEIRO, Marta Chagas; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6710783324317390
Among meliponineos or stingless bees the most important are Melipona quadrifasciata (Mandaçaia), Melipona marginata (Manduri) and Tetragonisca angustula (Jataí). One of their product is geopropolis, a balsamic and resinous substance with complex chemical composition, collected from shoots, seepage and other parts of the plant tissue by these bees, which transformed it through enzymatic process by adding secretions and earth or clay, alone or in combination. Among the chemicals components, highlights the presence of phenolic compounds, diterpenes, triterpenes, essential oils and many other. The most studied propolis activity are antibacterial and antifungal, in addition to antiviral, immunomodulatory, anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant. Therefore this work aim to evaluate the antimicrobial activity, through determination of Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) and Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity assay (TEAC), beyond the determination of the levels of flavonoids and phenolics compounds (Folin-Cioucalteu method and complexation with aluminum chloride, respectively) using geopropolis samples from different bees species (Melipona quadrifasciata, Melipona marginata and Tetragonisca angustula). All the geopropolis samples exhibit antimicrobial activity against gram-positive bacteria, wherein the Manduri Bee showed the lowest MIC and MBC; only Mandaçaia species showed moderate activity against gram-negative bacteria. The Manduri's geopropolis showed higher content of phenolics compounds and flavonoids, followed by Mandaçaia's geopropolis and both were in accordance with the parameters established by current legislation, wherein the Manduri's geopropolis also present high total antioxidant levels compared with other bees. It was noted that the antimicrobial activity of geopropolis extracts were not directly associated with high levels of phenolic compounds, including flavonoids.