Navegando por Autor "MASCHIO, Gleomar Fabiano"

Agora exibindo 1 - 3 de 3

Acesso aberto (Open Access)
História natural e ecologia das serpentes da Floresta Nacional de Caxiuanã e áreas adjacentes, Pará, Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2008) MASCHIO, Gleomar Fabiano; MARTINS, Marlúcia Bonifácio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8882047165338427; PRUDENTE, Ana Lúcia da Costa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1008924786363328
The search for patterns of community structure and composition is essential to provide information which allows the sustained management of species populations and monitoring of antropic activities. Despite the fact that Neotropical region harbors an enormous diversity of species and complex ecological interactions, very little information is available on snake assemblages. Therefore, the processes responsible for community organization are not well understood. In Brazil, several studies were conducted to analyze the factors responsible for the patterns of distribution and interactions among snake species. In order to identify the factors that determine those patterns and which affinities (ecological and or historical) those species share, a study of the local taxocenose of snakes was performed in the Floresta Nacional de Caxiuanã and adjacent areas, from 2005 to 2006. Four sampling methods were used employed: time constrained search, local collectors, incidental encounters, and pitfall traps with drift fences, in five areas (IBAMA and Caquajó in the Floresta Nacional de Caxiuanã; Marinaú, Enseada and Mojuá located in adjacent areas to the Floresta Nacional de Caxiuanã). A total of 378 specimens of snakes within five families, 35 genera and 50 species were registered. Considering the records of species obtained in this study and those from previous studies, the local number of snake species increases from 63 to 69 species. The methods that best revealed the number of individuals were time constrained search (199/378) and local collectors (159/378). Incidental encounters (11/378) and pitfall traps with drift fences (9/378) were less representative. The estimated richness (Jackknife 1) from PLT data was 56 (+or– 4) species. The composition of snake species in the studied area shows higher similarity with taxocenoses of other Amazon areas. Most abundant species, as revealed by time constrained searches, were Imantodes cenchoa, Corallus hortulanus and Leptodeira annulata. All methods showed Bothrops atrox, Imantodes cenchoa and Corallus hortulanus as most representative. The areas under high antropic pressures located out of the National Forest showed lower abundance and richness when compared to protected areas in there. Nine potentially specialist species were recorded: Lachesis muta (small mammals), Atractus schach (earthworms), Dipsas catesbyi (mollusks), Helicops trivitatus and Hydrops triangularis (fish), Siphlophis compressus (lizards), Xenopholis scalaris, Taeniophallus brevirostris (anuran) and Tantilla melanocephala (centipedes). The items most frequently consumed were lizards, anurans and small mammals. The snake species primary or exclusively diurnal represent the larger percentage. Most species analyzed present non seasonal reproductive period, possibly as a result of no significant differences in the mean temperature throughout the year. The taxocenose of snake species in the Floresta Nacional de Caxiuanã and neighboring areas is formed by groups of species that share similar patterns of feeding and daily activities. Besides several ecological factors such as temperature and pluviometric averages and biome structure, historical factors (such as morphological adaptations of snake species) influence on sbake taxocenose composition in the Floresta Nacional de Caxiuanã and adjacent areas. Thus, more studies on the ecology and natural history of snakes must be continuously conducted in order to characterize novel patterns of distribution of snake species in different biomes.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Serpentes da Bacia Petrolífera de Urucu, município de Coari, Amazonas, Brasil
(Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, 2010) PRUDENTE, Ana Lúcia da Costa; MASCHIO, Gleomar Fabiano; COSTA, Maria Cristina dos Santos; FEITOSA, Darlan Tavares
A structured snake inventory was carried out at the Base Operacional Geólogo Pedro de Moura (BOGPM), located at the Urucu Petrol Basin, Municipality of Coari, Amazonas, during 2003, 2004 and 2007. Throughout four sampling expeditions (51 collection days), seven species of snakes, belonging to seven families and 33 genera, were recorded. Four complementary sampling methods were used: pitfall traps with drift fence, occasional encounters, time-limited search on foot and time-limited search by car. Of the 47 collected species Liophis reginae (n= 14), Philodryas viridissima (n= 9), Philodryas boulengeri (n= 7) and Oxybelis fulgidus (n= 7) were the most abundant in the region. The highest number of species and specimens was obtained by the time-limited search by car (n=52.8%). Previous studies indicate that localities south of the Amazonas river (such as the eastern region of Pará and Tucuruí, state of Para, and Samuel Hydroelectric Plants, state of Rondônia) present a greater richness when compared to those north of the Amazonas river (such as the mucipality of Manaus, INPA-WWF Reserve and Balbina Hydroelectric Plant, state of Amazonas).Thus, it is possible to infer that the snake inventory in Urucu region is not yet complete, requiring more sampling efforts so that new records can be obtained for the area.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Snake assemblages of Marajó Island, Pará state, Brazil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-03) RODRIGUES, Gerson Moreira; MASCHIO, Gleomar Fabiano; PRUDENTE, Ana Lúcia da Costa
We describe the diversity, natural history and structure of snake assemblages from Marajó Island, state of Pará, Brazil, after analyzing 439 specimens deposited in herpetological collections. We tested the hypothesis that snake assemblages from forest and open areas of Marajó Island are distinct with regard to their structure, composition and functional groups. To compare the snake composition of the forest and open areas of Marajó with other comparable assemblages in Brazil, Principal Coordinate Analysis and Clustering tests were performed. A total of 61 species of snakes was recorded for Marajó, with ten species cited for the first time for the study area (Atractus natans Hoogmoed & Prudente, 2003, A. schach (Boie, 1827), Dendrophidion dendrophis(Schlegel, 1837), Helicops hagmanni Roux, 1910, Hydrops martii (Wagler in Spix, 1824), Lygophis meridionalis(Schenkel, 1901), Erythrolamprus typhlus (Linnaeus, 1758), Philodryas argentea (Daudin, 1803), Siphlophis cervinus(Laurenti, 1768), and Thamnodynastes sp.). The composition and structure of snake assemblages between forested and open were different, with five functional groups of snakes in forest areas, and three groups in open areas, based on habit and habitat. In all, 19 species were exclusive to forest areas, 10 were exclusive to open areas and 26 species were recorded in both areas. Our results revealed greater richness for forested areas, probably due to greater habitat heterogeneity. The species composition for forested area in Marajó was similar to that found in other Amazonian assemblages, while that for open areas was more similar to the Pantanal region than other open area assemblages. The general structure of the snake assemblage of Marajó was dominated by anurophagous, terrestrial and diurnal species. Terrestrial, arboreal and semi-arboreal snakes showed a seasonal offspring production pattern, while the pattern for aquatic and semi-aquatic species was aseasonal. The structure of assemblages was influenced by both historical and ecological factors.