Navegando por Autor "MENEZES, Aline Beckmann de Castro"

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Análise da investigação dos determinantes do comportamento homossexual humano
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2005-07-21) MENEZES, Aline Beckmann de Castro; CARVALHO NETO, Marcus Bentes de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7613198431695463
The behavior determination debate lasts since Antiquity, usually based in dichotomic arguments. Actual tendency of behavior determination comprehension points out to an interacionist perspective, analyzing genetic, biological and environmental influences combined over behavior. Many empirical researches have been developed to identify which factors are responsible for a specific behavior. Considering impossible to make a complete study of human behavior determinants, it was chosen to focus into a specific padron the homosexual behavior. Since Antiquity until nowadays, homosexual behavior determinants have been debated. Besides, this subject concerns to a large amount of people and reflects in important social issues. The present study had the purpose of analyzing which are the empiric evidences about homosexual behavior determination, through three stages: (1) historic evolution of the behavior determination, with emphasis on the methodologies applied; (2) presentation and discussion of the main research strategies about homosexual behavior determination, with emphasis on the critical analysis of data; (3) discussion of research implications and possible empirical follow-up. A bibliographic search was conducted, identifying six main research strings: hormonal measures, hormonal effects, genetic, cerebral functioning, animal models and environmental effects. Each research methodology and results were critically analyzed. Then, politics influence over research and the ethical consequences of data release were discussed; as existing data were organized into a proposal to understand the phenomena. It is expected to have contributed to a general description of the actual stage of homosexual behavior determinants as to a critical perspective over methodologies applied.
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Compreendendo as diferenças de gênero a partir de interações livres no contexto escolar
(2010-04) MENEZES, Aline Beckmann de Castro; BRITO, Regina Célia Souza; FIGUEIRA, Renata Almeida; BENTES, Tatiana Frazão; MONTEIRO, Eline Freire; SANTOS, Marina Cunha
Evolutionary Psychology considers that gender differences in play are a result of cultural influences upon pre-dispositions selected in the species. The compatibility of these differences with theoretical prevision was investigated. Seventy three six/seven years old students of private schools were recorded in four 30 minutes sessions. Playful behavior frequency and playmate choice were counted. Later, 21 children were asked about favourite plays and how they classified those plays accordingly to gender patterns. Both sexes participated in similar activities but their interactions were mostly restricted to members of the same sex. It was also observed that there were topographic differences in the way they played, accordingly to sex. The interviews, as shown in the literature, allowed to identify that the speech and the behavior observed were different, with a higher cultural influence upon the speech.
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Diferenças de gênero em crianças: uma comparação entre diferentes metodologias
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-04-11) MENEZES, Aline Beckmann de Castro; BRITO, Regina Célia Souza; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5576436464955236
There is an extended literature about sexual dimorphism in child behavior, including studies regarding atypical gender patterns or gender non-conformity. This study proposal was elaborated upon discussions about the relation between gender and homosexual behavior. However, it was noted the need to broaden the knowledge over child gender differences through different methodologies in the investigation of gender typical behavior and the influence of these differences upon children social relations. There were made three studies. In the first one, the methodologies of observation and interview were compared, in which it was verified that most playful behaviors occurred among children of the same sex and that some were more common for a specific gender. It was also observed that the contend of interviews were culturally influenced. In the second study two structured instruments were applied to measure gender, being found that there are some plays preferred by each sex and that the child usually identify itself and prefer to play with children of the same sex. In the third study the non-verbal behavior of mixed dyads was analyzed using three different protocols. The results indicated differences between sexes regarding behaviors but the communication effort and the rapport was similar. In general, it was found that there are many similarities in the general behavior between sexes, however in deeper analysis it is possible to identify specific patterns of each gender, especially regarding play styles and non-verbal behavior. Finally, the methods used have advantages and disadvantages that must be considered when choosing and combining methodologies for future researches.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Diferenças de gênero na preferência de pares e brincadeiras de crianças
(2013) MENEZES, Aline Beckmann de Castro; BRITO, Regina Célia Souza
Sexual dimorphism in peer and play preference has been observed in very early ages. Children with atypical gender behavior usually present socialization difficulties. Their preferences were investigated through two standardized instruments: Playmate and Play Style Preferences Structured Interview and Human Figure Drawing. The participants were 234 children, from 9 to 11 years old, 120 girls. It was observed high correlation between child sex and peer sex as well as type of play and sex of the person drawn, corroborating similar data from international literature. It has been concluded that children between 9 and 11 years old have gender typical choice patterns, but they are not inflexible.
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Discriminações condicionais após treino de pareamento consistente de estímulos complexos
(2004-08) ASSIS, Grauben José Alves de; BAPTISTA, Marcelo Quintino Galvão; KATO, Olivia Misae; MENEZES, Aline Beckmann de Castro
The aim of this study was to verify the formation of conditional discriminations through a consistent matching training procedure with complex sample stimuli. Four university students were trained in the formation of AF, BE e DC conditional relations using simple stimuli and explicit differential reinforcement (Phase 1). They were subjected to consistent matching-to-sample training on the AB-E/F and AD-C/F relations involving complex sample stimuli (Phase 2). These participants were given the transitive and equivalent tests. Training trials were then "dismembered" (simplified) from AB-E/F, and AD-C/F sequences to AB-E; AB-F; AD-C; AD-F sequences, and the students were again tested for transitivity and equivalence (Phase 3). All participants reached the learning criterion. Two of them demonstrated the emergent relations tested before and after simplified training, and demonstrated response stability. These results indicated that the dismembered procedure was appropriate for reversing the restricted stimulus control.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Discriminações condicionais após treino de pareamento consistente de estímulos complexos com atraso
(2006-08) ASSIS, Grauben José Alves de; BAPTISTA, Marcelo Quintino Galvão; MENEZES, Aline Beckmann de Castro
The aim of this investigation was to assess the formation of conditional discriminations by means of a procedure involving complex stimulus training with delay. In phase I five university students received a pretraining TX trial followed by AE, BF and DC acquisition training involving matching-to-sample and simple comparison. In phase II a pretraining N–O/P, the training AB-E/F, and AD-C/F, with consistency training. These training trials were interspersed with EF/FE, CF/FC, and BD/DB transitivity and equivalence tests following complex matching-to-sample and simple comparison. In phase III AB-E/F and AD-CF trials occurred jointly with AB-E, AB-F and AD-C sequences, followed by transitivity and equivalence tests. All of the respondents formed conditional relations involving simple and complex matching-to-sample, albeit with variability across the trials. Variation was also present in the formation of emergent relations. These results suggest that, in spite of the variability, the procedures produced conditional discrimination leading to the formation of equivalent stimulus classes. In future research the identification of the most efficient forms of stimulus control is deemed necessary.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Mapeamento de competências do psicólogo escolar
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-08) SANTOS, Dielem Cristina Oliveira dos; MENEZES, Aline Beckmann de Castro; VASCONCELOS NETO, Aécio de Borba; RAMOS, Camila Carvalho; COSTA, Thiago Dias
This article aimed to perform the mapping of skills of the school psychologist. For that, a survey and analysis of bibliographical production and official documents were carried out to discuss its performance. During the analysis, competencies assessed as necessary for the performance of this professional were suggested and described and after this, the frequency with which the competencies appeared in the several analyzed publications was counted and organized. From the identification of several performance models, categories were created in which the corresponding competencies were established. The large number of competencies identified and the need to create categories suggest a lack of clarity regarding the performance of the school psychologist. It was also noticed an increase in the number of works elaborated in the last decade in the attempt to delimit the performance of this professional.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Reflexão sobre a homossexualidade como subproduto da evolução do prazer
(2007-04) MENEZES, Aline Beckmann de Castro; BRITO, Regina Célia Souza
Homosexual behavior in animal species has been seen as a challenge to the evolution theory. Although a non-reproductive response, homosexuality persists in the species. Several hypotheses on homosexuality s evolutionary advantages have been proposed by many authors but they all contain contrary aspects, at least when human beings are concerned. Current suggestion states that since homosexuality is not genetically determined, no survival value is required. Homosexual behavior pattern would be an evolutionary byproduct of pleasure as an essential consequence of the sexual act to favor reproduction and to maintain links between partners. Although still a preliminary proposal, the statement pinpoints new trends in interpretation and investigation within the relationship between homosexuality and evolutionism.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Relação entre gênero e orientação sexual a partir da perspectiva evolucionista
(2010-06) MENEZES, Aline Beckmann de Castro; BRITO, Regina Célia Souza; HENRIQUES, Alda Loureiro
This study addresses the relationship between gender and sexual orientation from the interacionist perspective of Evolutionary Psychology and the analysis of various aspects of human sexuality. This article aimed to discuss existing literature about gender and sexual orientation, based on four questions of Ethology. It's proposed that sexual orientation has multiple origins, and that one of those is related to typical patterns of gender and gender identity. This would lead to identification with same-sex or opposite-sex individuals, and hence, to the attraction for the group different from the one to which identification was established. This approach integrates biological pre-dispositions to the analysis of cultural influences, understanding, as complementary, theoretical views that are usually stated as contradictory.