Navegando por Autor "MESCOUTO, Wandria de Andrade"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Efeitos de instrução e contingências sobre respostas de escolha e de movimento dos olhos em uma tarefa de discriminação simples
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-07-05) MESCOUTO, Wandria de Andrade; TOMANARI, Gerson Yukio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5462123484542215; PARACAMPO, Carla Cristina Paiva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9018003546303132
Considering that the eye movements and fixations can come under contingency control and that instructions place behavior under contingency control, the effects of instructions that described the choice response over the eye movements and fixations in a simultaneous simple discriminations situation was investigated. 15 undergraduate students distributed into 3 experimental conditions participated in this study. The three conditions differed only in one aspect: regarding the type of instruction presented to the participant in the beginning of Phase 1. In Condition I, a minimal instruction was presented; in Condition II a corresponding instruction was presented; and in Condition III a discrepant instruction was presented. In Phase 2, un-signalized changes in the programmed contingencies of reinforcement occurred. The task was to click with a computer mouse on one of two stimuli presented simultaneously. The results generally showed that in Condition I most of the participants presented discriminated performance in Phases 1 and 2, looking more frequently towards S- and at the irrelevant property of the stimulus by the end of the phase. In Condition II, all participants presented a discriminated performance, according to the what was specified in the corresponding instruction, since the beginning of Phase 1 and looked more frequently to S+, having most participants looked more frequently at the relevant part of the stimulus for discrimination. In Phase 2, most participants did not present performance under contingency control, looking with similar frequency rates towards S+ and S-, presenting different response patterns when stimulus parts were analyzed. In Condition III, most of the participants abandoned discrepant rule-following, presented in the beginning of Phase 1, and emitted discriminative performances according to the programmed contingencies in Phases 1 and 2. Most of the participants stared more frequently towards S+ and at the relevant property for discrimination by the end of the phases. The data of the three conditions indicate that instructions can interfere in eye movement patterns, as contingencies do, but generating different choice response and eye movement patterns.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Efeitos de perguntas e de respostas às perguntas sobre o seguir regras apresentadas em uma história infantil
(2013-12) PARACAMPO, Carla Cristina Paiva; ALBUQUERQUE, Luiz Carlos de; MESCOUTO, Wandria de Andrade; FARIAS, Andréa Fonseca
The effects of questions and answers to questions upon rule following were investigated with 15 children, distributed in three groups. In phases 1 and 3, the number of candies given was measured; in Phase 2, a story was told with a rule specifying that who gives goodies has friends to play. The groups differed in Phase 2: for Group 1, the experimenter did not ask questions; for Group 2, questions were asked during the story telling; and for Group 3, questions were asked at the end of the story. From those participants who did not give candies in Phase 1 of groups 1, 2 e 3, 50%, 100% and 100%, respectively, did so in Phase 3. The results of this study suggest that questions and answers interfere with the occurrence of rule following.