Navegando por Autor "SANTOS FILHO, Carlos"
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Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Memória espacial e morfometria tridimensional da micróglia de CA1 e do giro denteado do Cebus apella(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-10-25) SANTOS FILHO, Carlos; DINIZ, Cristovam Wanderley Picanço; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2014918752636286This study aims to investigate possible correlations between the morphology of microglia in the hippocampus and dentate gyrus and cognitive performances in individual tests of learning and spatial memory in Cebus apella. Due to the good performance of Cebus apella in hippocampal-dependent cognitive tasks, we used selected tests of Cantab battery successfully used in Old World non-human primates and man. To adapt individuals to the touch screen and to assess spatial learning and memory, Motor Screening Test (MOT) and Paired Associated Learning Test (PAL) were used respectively. To detect possible correlations between microglial morphology and individual performances in the spatal learning and memory tasks, it was necessary to reconstruct and analyze microglial morphological details from the middle and outer one-thirds of the dentate gyrus molecular layer and from the lacunosum molecular layer of CA1, employing three dimensional microscopy. The definition of the boundaries and layers of CA1 and dentate gyrus employed architectural criteria previously defined. For selective microglia immunostaining, it was used polyclonal antibody against the adapter binding ionized calcium Iba -1 protein (anti- Iba1). The occurrence of clusters after multivariate statistical analysis based on microglial morphometric parameters allowed the distinction of at least two major morphological groups of microglia in all individuals. The spatial learning rate and some of the morphometric parameters of microglia from dentate gyrus revealed significant linear and non-linear correlations. In contrast, CA1 did not show any correlation between microglial morphology and behavior. Based on the present and previous studies we suggest that the correlation between cognitive performances and complexity of morphological glial features is not an exclusive attribute of astrocytes and that microglial morphology of the molecular layer of dentate gyrus may be indirectly associated to the performance of individual tests of spatial memory.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Microglia and neurons in the hippocampus of migratory sandpipers(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-11) DINIZ, Cristovam Guerreiro; MAGALHÃES, Nara Gyzely de Morais; SOUSA, Aline Andrade de; SANTOS FILHO, Carlos; DINIZ, Daniel Guerreiro; LIMA, Camila Mendes de; OLIVEIRA, Marcus Augusto de; PAULO, Dario Carvalho; PEREIRA, Patrick Douglas Corrêa; SHERRY, David FrancisThe semipalmated sandpiper Calidris pusilla and the spotted sandpiper Actitis macularia are long- and short-distance migrants, respectively. C. pusilla breeds in the sub-arctic and mid-arctic tundra of Canada and Alaska and winters on the north and east coasts of South America. A. macularia breeds in a broad distribution across most of North America from the treeline to the southern United States. It winters in the southern United States, and Central and South America. The autumn migration route of C. pusilla includes a non-stop flight over the Atlantic Ocean, whereas autumn route of A. macularia is largely over land. Because of this difference in their migratory paths and the visuo-spatial recognition tasks involved, we hypothesized that hippocampal volume and neuronal and glial numbers would differ between these two species. A. macularia did not differ from C. pusilla in the total number of hippocampal neurons, but the species had a larger hippocampal formation and more hippocampal microglia. It remains to be investigated whether these differences indicate interspecies differences or neural specializations associated with different strategies of orientation and navigation.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Seasonal abundance of the shipworm Neoteredo reynei (Bivalvia, Teredinidae) in mangrove driftwood from a northern Brazilian beach(2008-03) SANTOS FILHO, Carlos; TAGLIARO, Claudia Helena; BEASLEY, Colin RobertShipworms are important decomposers of wood, especially in mangrove forests where productivity is high. However, little emphasis has been given to the activity of shipworms in relation to the export of nutrients from mangroves to adjacent coastal areas. As a first step to obtaining such information, the frequency of colonized mangrove driftwood as well as shipworm density and length were studied by collecting washed up logs during a year at Ajuruteua beach, state of Pará, northern Brazil. A single species, Neoteredo reynei (Bartsch, 1920), was found colonizing driftwood. Although large colonized logs were most common on the beach, shipworm density was higher in small logs, especially during the dry season. In general, however, density was higher during the wet season (January to April) and lowest in July. Overall shipworm mean length was 9.66cm. In large logs, mean length increased between the wet and dry seasons. However, there was no difference in length among log size categories. Mean shipworm length was similar throughout most of the year but tended to be greater in July. Although salinity varied between 10.9 and 40 during the year, no relationship was found between salinity and density or length. The results suggest that shipworm activity in driftwood logs is relatively constant throughout the year. Increased air humidity and rainfall may promote survival during the wet season. Large logs may take longer to colonize and thus have lower densities than small ones which are scarce probably because they are destroyed rapidly by shipworm activity. However, data on the disintegration of logs would be necessary to test this hypothesis. Larger size of shipworms in the dry season may be related to growth after an earlier recruitment period. Shipworms in large logs during the dry season may be better protected from dessication and high temperatures by the insulating properties of the larger volume of wood.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Taxonomic implications of molecular studies on Northern Brazilian Teredinidae (Mollusca: Bivalvia) specimens(2005-03) VALE, Sonia Maria Lima Santos do; TAGLIARO, Claudia Helena; BEASLEY, Colin Robert; SCHNEIDER, Horacio; SAMPAIO, Maria Iracilda da Cunha; SANTOS FILHO, Carlos; MÜLLER, Ana Cláudia de PaulaThe current taxonomy of the Teredinidae (shipworms) is wholly based on morphology and up to now no molecular studies of the phylogeny of this group have been published. In the present study the relationships between four genera of the subfamilies Teredininae and Bankiinae were established and the efficiency of the 16S rRNA gene in characterizing four Teredinidae species was tested. Phylogenetic trees support the grouping of Bankia fimbriatula with Nausitora fusticula and of Neoteredo reynei with Psiloteredo healdi, but the genetic distances do not justify the classification of these species into two distinct subfamilies. The results show that B. fimbriatula, N. reynei and P. healdi specimens from the coast of the Brazilian state of Pará have five distinct 16S rRNA haplotypes, with one N. reynei haplotype differing from the other haplotypes in respect to at least seven sequences sites, indicating the existence of two very distinct sympatric lineages.