Navegando por Autor "SOUZA, Everaldo Barreiros de"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Climatologia da estrutura vertical da atmosfera em novembro para Belém-PA
(2010-06) ANANIAS, Daniela dos Santos; SOUZA, Everaldo Barreiros de; SOUZA, Paulo Fernando de Souza; SOUSA, Adriano Marlisom Leão de; VITORINO, Maria Isabel; TEIXEIRA, Gleyciano Mendes; FERREIRA, Douglas Batista da Silva
The present work reports a diagnostic study on the vertical structure of air temperature, dew point temperature and relative humidity over the region of Belém-PA (eastern Amazon), based on monthly dataset for a period of 26 years (1982 to 2007). The focus is on the transition period from dry to wet season in the eastern Amazon, i.e., the month of November. Two contrasting composites in relation to the rainfall regime were considered: the wet and the dry year's composites, which were established objectively by the percentiles method. The results showed that the main difference observed in the temperature and humidity profiles, comparing dry and wet years, occurs in the atmospheric layer between the middle and upper levels of the troposphere (between the patterns level from 700 hPa to 400 hPa). In this layer, the difference between air temperatures and dew point is significantly higher and the contrast of moisture associated with convection also shows the highest values. In general, the compositions showed that the temperature profiles anomalously warmer (cold) and the moisture profiles anomalously wetter (dry) are associate to the years of rainfall above (below) of normal in the region of Belém-PA.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Electric systems failures produced by CG lightning in Eastern Amazonia
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-12) SANTOS, Ana Paula Paes dos; SOUZA, José Ricardo Santos de; SOUZA, Everaldo Barreiros de; CARMO, Alexandre Melo Casseb do; RIBEIRO, Wanda Maria do Nascimento
Operational records of power outages of the electric energy distribution systems in eastern Amazonia presented a large number of events attributed to lightning strikes, during the 2006 to 2009 period. The regional electricity concessionary data were compared to actual lightning observations made by SIPAM’s LDN system, over two areas where operational sub systems of transmission lines are installed. Statistical relations were drawn between the monthly lightning occurrence density and the number of power outages of the electric systems for both areas studied. The results showed that, although with some delays between these variables peaks, the number of power disruptions has a tendency to follow the behavior of the lightning occurrence densities variations. The numerical correlations were positive and may be useful to the transmission lines maintenance crews at least for the Belém-Castanhal electricity distribution sub system. Evidence was found, that the SST’s over certain areas of the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, influence convection over the area of interest, and may help to prognosticate the periods of intense electric storms, requiring repair readiness for the regional electric systems.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Erosividade da chuva em Rondon do Pará, PA, Brasil de 1999 a 2015 e projetada para 2035
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-12) ROSA, Amanda Gama; SOUSA, Adriano Marlisom Leão de; COSTA, Jamer Andrade da; SOUZA, Everaldo Barreiros de
This study determined the rainfall erosivity value for the urban area of Rondon do Pará in order to provide information about the city's soil loss. The study also determined the probability of erosion occurrence and the return period projected for the next 20 years. The annual distribution of the erosivity index was analyzed and an estimate was made of the correlation between the average monthly erosivity index and the rainfall coefficient. To accomplish this, two types of rainfall data were obtained: 1) data observed by the CMORPH satellites from 1999 to 2015; and 2) data modelled by the RegCM4 model from 2016 to 2035. Erosivity was calculated based upon these monthly and annual rainfall data. Frequency distributions of erosivity values and their return periods were calculated and probability curves were plotted. Regression analyses between precipitation and erosivity were completed. In the period from 1999 to 2015, the value of the R factor of Rondon do Pará was 16,390 MJ mm ha-1h-1ano-1, with a probability of 47% of being equaled or exceeded at least once each 2.1 years. In the period from 2016 to 2015, the R value was 13,038 MJ mm ha-1h-1year-1. Highest soil losses are probable between February and January from 1999 to 2015 and between January and April from 2016 to 2035. The regression mathematical models that had the best results were the potency and the polynomial models for the years from 1999 to 2015 and 2016 to 2035, respectively.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Evento extremo de chuva-vazão na bacia hidrográfica do rio Araguari, Amapá, Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-12) CUNHA, Alan Cavalcanti da; VILHENA, Jefferson Erasmo De Souza; SANTOS, Eldo Silva Dos; SARAIVA, Jaci Maria Bilhalva; KUHN, Paulo Afonso Fischer; BRITO, Daímio Chaves; SOUZA, Everaldo Barreiros de; ROCHA, Edson José Paulino da; CUNHA, Helenilza Ferreira Albuquerque; BRITO, Alaan Ubaiara; BRASIL JUNIOR, Antonio Cesar Pinho; PACA, Victor Hugo da Motta; SANTOS, Paula Verônica Campos Jorge
The objective of this investigation was to analyse the extreme river flows which have occurred between 9 and 14 April 2011 in the Rio Araguari-AP. The methodology consisted of three main steps: 1) re-analysis of precipitation estimated by the BRAMS (Brazilian Development in Regional Atmospheric Model System) model using the synoptic of the same period as support, 2) analysis of streamflow in sections of hydrological monitoring in Porto Platon, Capivari and Serra do Navio (ADCP-Accustic Profiller Doppler Current); 3) statistic analysis of the time series of maximum river flows in Porto Platon using Gumbel distribution. It was observed that the BRAMS system partially captured the standard precipitation when compared with the synoptic analysis and literature data, but the extreme hydrological responses representation still needs an optimization. In Porto Platon a flow record of 4036 m3 /s was recorded, whose behavior was analyzed from the perspective of the available monitoring mechanisms in the State. It was concluded that such extreme events are poorly detectable and offer considerable risks to users of the basin. The stream flow prediction based on available hydrological series was 100 years recurrence, but the analysis have revealed that this period would be 360 years, indicating significant deficiency of the prediction system of extreme events in the State.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Floods and social vulnerability: study on the Xingu river in Altamira/PA
(Associação Nacional de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa em Ambiente e Sociedade, 2018-03-11) FRANCO, Vânia dos Santos; SOUZA, Everaldo Barreiros de; LIMA, Aline Maria Meiguins de
The objective of this research was to classify the social vulnerability in Altamira-PA, considering the occurrence of seasonal floods and the future scenario of stabilization of the water level in the flood quota. The Social Vulnerability Index was determined by using fluviometric station data provided by ANA and socioeconomic variables from IBGE. The results indicate a moderate to low vulnerability that does not reflect the socio-spatial environment of the area, where the alert level of 6 m is recurrently exceeded during the floods of the Xingu river. The Belo Monte hydroelectric power plant will ensure the maintenance of the level of floods, which implies in the demand of urban planning that can reduce the liabilities generated by both the maintenance of wetlands, and for the extensive relocation of people, in addition by studies that assess the influence and consequence of extreme events in the region.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Impactos das mudanças climáticas na ecoclimatologia de Aleurocanthus Woglumi Ashby, 1903 (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) no estado do Pará
(2014-03) MORAES, Bergson Cavalcanti de; SOUZA, Everaldo Barreiros de; RIBEIRO, João Batista Miranda; FERREIRA, Douglas Batista da Silva; MAIA, Wilson José de Mello e Silva
Human activities that alter the greenhouse gases concentrations will have a direct influence on plant health issues. In order to minimize both the production loss and the quality, and to guide the choice of adaptation strategies and management, further studies to investigate the impacts of climate change on agriculture - in the spatial and temporal scales - and their pathogens are needed. The main goal of this work was to explore the global climate impact on the ecoclimatology of the citrus blackfly (Aleurocanthus woglumi Ashby) in State of Pará. To do so, the thermal requirements of Aleurocanthus woglumi Ashby developed in laboratory and on the ecoclimatological zoning based on the annual insect population was first analyzed using air temperature data series from 15 meteorological stations. Then, the populational increase of the studied insect through the projections of global climate model CCSM 3.0, between years 2030 and 2090, was simulated and analyzed. The results of simulations suggest that the number of generations of the insect will increase 50% in Pará state.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Modelagem climática regional durante dois anos de extremos de precipitação sobre o estado do Amapá: teste de sensibilidade aos esquemas convectivos
(2011-12) NEVES, Daniel Gonçalves das; CUNHA, Alan Cavalcanti da; SOUZA, Everaldo Barreiros de; BARRETO, Naurinete Jesus da Costa
This study shows an assessment of the seasonal forecast model RegCM3 in two extreme events of precipitation for the years 2006 and 2007. For the analysis a 1° x 1º km horizontal resolution was used and validated with 30 x 15 points of latitude x longitude for the region of the State of Amapa. The presented results are for the comparison between simulated and observed seasonal precipitation in the quarter (MAM). In general, the results showed that using the scale reduction technique to predict the seasonal rainfall, a good performance in simulating the variability of rainfall on a regional scale is obtained. However, errors in the precipitation amount and on some maximum position were observed when compared with the observed data. The wet bias was prevalent in the humid coastal region and the dry bias in the south-southeast, west and center with a strong persistence in the Southeast. Regions with precipitation values close to the observed ones were not very evident.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Modelo OLAM (ocean-land-atmosphere-model): descrição, aplicações, e perspectivas
(2009-06) SILVA, Renato Ramos da; DIAS, Pedro Leite Silva; MOREIRA, Demerval Soares; SOUZA, Everaldo Barreiros de
The OLAM model was developed to extend the capability to represent the global and regional scale phenomena simultaneously. The model presents innovations regarding to the dynamic processes, grid configuration, memory structure, and numerical technique solutions for the prognostics equations. The Navier-Stokes equations are solved using the finite volume technique that conserves mass, momentum, and energy. In this study the OLAM model is described, and results are presented for its application on the climate mode to simulate the monthly prediction of precipitation for South America and numerical weather prediction. The results show that the model is able to represent reasonable the large scale meteorological processes. In general, its performance improves when grids of greater resolution is adopted, for which significant improvements are observed for the monthly precipitation simulation estimates as for the numerical weather prediction.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Modelos acoplados do IPCC-AR4 e o gradiente meridional de temperatura da superfície do mar no Atlântico Tropical: relações com a precipitação no norte do nordeste do Brasil
(2014-12) ALVES, José Maria Brabo; CHAVES, Rosane Rodrigues; SERVAIN, Jacques; SOUZA, Everaldo Barreiros de; SILVA, Emerson Mariano da; SANTOS, Antônio Carlos Santana dos; BARBOSA, Augusto César Barros; OLIVEIRA, Carlos Jacinto de; SOMBRA, Sérgio Sousa; COSTA, Alexandre Araújo; PINHEIRO, Francisco Geraldo de Melo
This article shows how three coupled models of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change-Fourth Assessment Report (IPCC-AR4), the FGOALS1.0G - LASG of the Institute of Atmospheric Physics of China, the GISSER of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and the GFDL_CM2 of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) have simulated the meridional gradient variability of the Sea Surface Temperature (SST) in the tropical Atlantic during February to May months for the period from 1901 to 1999. The precipitation during the rainy season (February-May) in the northern sector of Northeast Brazil (NEB) was also analyzed by those three models and compared with observations. The GISSER and FGOALS1.0G models showed better performance at signal simulation of signal of the meridional SST gradient over the tropical Atlantic for the period 1901-1999. It is noteworthy that the coupled models have performed better in simulating the decadal trend, explaining 50% to 80% of gradient variability, being the southern sector SST better simulated.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A ocorrência de malária em quatro municípios do estado do Pará, de 1988 a 2005, e sua relação com o desmatamento
(Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, 2012-03) PARENTE, Andressa Tavares; SOUZA, Everaldo Barreiros de; RIBEIRO, João Batista Miranda
The purpose of this paper is to study occurrence of malaria in four different regions of the state of Pará and its possible relationships with deforestation rates. A retrospective study using secondary data from 1988 to 2005, using malaria incidence records reported in four cities in the state (Anajás, Itaituba, Santana do Araguaia and Viseu), as well as deforestation rates provided by the PRODES-INPE. The quantiles method was applied to establish five categories or classes of malaria incidence for each city, and a state IPA was generated with the contributions of these cities. From 1988 to 1994, the curves of incidence of malaria follow deforestation rates. From 1995, there are consecutive years of high incidence levels after years of high deforestation rates, as registered in 1995, 2000 and 2004. It was noticed that after periods of intense deforestation the occurrence of malaria presented an incidence pattern between high and very high, suggesting that deforestation may be a factor in maintaining and increasing the number of cases in the state of Pará.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Precipitação sazonal sobre a Amazônia oriental no período chuvoso: observações e simulações regionais com o RegCM3
(2009-06) SOUZA, Everaldo Barreiros de; LOPES, Marcio Nirlando Gomes; ROCHA, Edson José Paulino da; SOUZA, José Ricardo Santos de; CUNHA, Alan Cavalcanti da; SILVA, Renato Ramos da; FERREIRA, Douglas Batista da Silva; SANTOS, Daniel Meninéa; CARMO, Alexandre Melo Casseb do; SOUSA, José Raimundo Abreu de; GUIMARÃES, Paulo Lima; MOTA, Maria Aurora Santos da; MAKINO, Midori; SENNA, Renato Cruz; SOUSA, Adriano Marlisom Leão de; MOTA, Galdino Viana; KUHN, Paulo Afonso Fischer; SOUZA, Paulo Fernando de Souza; VITORINO, Maria Isabel
This paper presents a contribution on the climate modelling studies with emphasis on seasonal rainfall variability in eastern Amazonia, during the austral summer and autumn seasons (DJF and MAM). Based on RegCM3 regional climate simulations for a 26 years period (1982/83 to 2007/08) using high resolution domain scale (30 km) and two different convection schemes (Grell and MIT), it was investigated the model performance to simulate the regional pluviometric distribution in eastern Amazon, with reference to a new observational data base containing regional aspects extracted from a dense rain gauge station network. The quantitative analysis showed that RegCM3 presents systematic errors, especially those related to the dry bias in the Amapá and north/northeast of Pará using both schemes Grell and MIT, which indicate that the model does not reproduce ITCZ characteristics over equatorial Atlantic. The simulations using MIT also indicated wet bias in the southwest/south/southeast of Pará and north of Tocantins. Moreover, through composites technique, it was also investigated RegCM3 response to reproduce the anomalous spatial rainfall patterns in association with ENSO episodes and interhemispheric SSTa gradient phases across the intertropical Atlantic. The results showed that the model represented realistically well the spatial pattern related to the rainfall anomalies above (below) than normal in most of eastern Amazonia, during the known favourable scenarios, i.e., La Niña and south Atlantic SSTa gradient (unfavourable, i.e., El Niño and north Atlantic SSTa gradient).
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Radiation balance in a soybean ecosystem in the Amazon
(2010-12) SOUZA, Paulo Jorge de Oliveira Ponte de; ROCHA, Edson José Paulino da; RIBEIRO, Aristides; SOUZA, Everaldo Barreiros de
The continuous advance of the agricultural border in the Amazon has been worrying the scientific community due to the possible environmental impacts caused by this change in land use. The present work evaluated the behavior of the radiation balance components over the soybean crop (Glycine Max (L.) Merryl) in an Amazon area of continuous advance of the agricultural border. The radiation components were continuously monitored during the soybean cycle in 2006 and 2007 in an area of 200 ha. The soybean cultivation in the Amazon presented an abrupt change in the radiation balance components, with the consequent reduction in the energy available to the environment due to the increase in the surface reflection. There was a significant contribution of the diffuse radiation component in the soybean interception during cloudy conditions, even under incomplete canopy covering. Moreover, after the canopy closure, a similar interaction between soybean and solar radiation occurs, regardless of the cloud condition.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A riqueza das formigas relacionada aos períodos sazonais em Caxiuanã durante os anos de 2006 e 2007
(2012-09) SANTOS, Sergio Rodrigo Quadros dos; VITORINO, Maria Isabel; HARADA, Ana Yoshi; SOUZA, Adriano Marlisom Leão de; SOUZA, Everaldo Barreiros de
The temporal variability of ant fauna collected in Caxiuanã -PA during the leaf litter ants protocol of the Project TEAM/Caxiuanã were studied based on the local meteorological conditions observed during the months from January to April (rainfall season), and July to October (dry season) to 2006 to 2007. Data from the micrometeorological tower at Caxiuanã were used. During the rainfall season the predominance of high values of precipitation and soil moisture and low values of air temperatures is noted. In the dry season the opposite behavior compared to the rainfall season is observed. In general, it was observed that the frequency of ants is greater when precipitation and soil moisture are reduced and air temperature is increased. Ants of the genera Crematogaster, Hypoponera, Pheidole and Solenopsis have higher number of individuals. It was noted also that the statistical correlations using second-order polynomial function, between atmospheric variables and the frequency of ants, occurred in reverse mode for precipitation and soil moisture, and direct for the air temperature. Our results corroboreted to the high abundance of the four upper mentioned ant genera in relation to the environmental atmospheric condictions in tropical regions.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Sazonalidade da precipitação para a Amazônia usando o modelo REGCM3: avaliando apenas a forçante do Atlântico Equatorial
(2012-12) FERREIRA, Wesley Rodrigues Santos; VITORINO, Maria Isabel; SOUZA, Everaldo Barreiros de; CARMO, Alexandre Melo Casseb do
The present study tries to bring a new perspective of the Equatorial Atlantic Ocean importance on seasonal pattern, during the summer and fall on the Amazon region. It contributes in a different way for studies in the area of climate modeling and variability of rainfall over the region. For this study, we used the model RegCM3 with Grell convection scheme, applying the donwscaling technique and using, as initial condition, NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data. After the simulations statistical method of the Bias was applied to evaluate how the accurately the model can reproduce the reanalysis seasonal rainfall. In a first analysis, it appears that the model is sensitive to FS or SAZC occurrences, as well as approaching the dynamics of the tropics and extratropics. The results suggest that the low resolution and the Grell parameterization are the main factors for inadequate quality of the simulations. Although the Grell scheme is suitable for areas with intense convection and strong vertical movements, an adjustment to the physical characteristics of the region is required. This study contributed to the improvement of regional climate models for the Amazon region, considering the contribution of ocean-atmosphere processes, during the summer and autumn in the southern hemisphere.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Sazonalidade no balanço de energia em áreas de cultivo de soja na Amazônia
(2012) SOUZA, Paulo Jorge de Oliveira Ponte de; RIBEIRO, Aristides; ROCHA, Edson José Paulino da; FARIAS, José Renato Bouças; SOUZA, Everaldo Barreiros de
It was investigated the energy balance in a soybean crop (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) grown in areas of advance of agricultural border in the Amazon. The Bowen ratio technique was used to obtain energy balance components. During the most part of the crop growing season, most of the energy was consumed as latent heat, especially during the flowering and fruiting stages. Such characteristic was related to the high leaf stomatal conductance of soybean as well as to the water availability in the region. At the harvest there was an inversion in the energy partitioning, with more energy being used for heating the air (79% of the net radiation). During the off-season there was 75% reduction in the LE and significant increase in the H (180%) compared to the values found during soybean growing season.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Sobre o sinal de um downscaling dinâmico às oscilações intrassazonais de precipitação no setor norte do Nordeste do Brasil
(2012-07) ALVES, José Maria Brabo; SOUZA, Everaldo Barreiros de; COSTA, Alexandre Araújo; MARTINS, Eduardo Sávio Passos Rodrigues; SILVA, Emerson Mariano da
Intraseasonal oscillations are factors controlling the interannual variability of tropical rainfall. The knowledge of how numerical models reproduce its variability is important to better understand their roles and support operations of weather and climate. This paper investigates the sensitivity of a downscaling dynamic precipitation model in predicting the intraseasonal oscillations observed in the northern sector of Northeast Brazil (SNNEB - 45°W-37ºW and 2ºS-12°S) during the period from 1974 to 2000. The results showed that rainfall was simulated on SNNEB explained more than 70% of the variability of rainfall observed in the quarter February to April in this region. Statistical of averages, standard deviations and percent this quarter, in this region in years of climatic contrasts in the Oceans Pacific and Atlantic Tropical were also well captured by the precipitation simulated by downscaling. Spectral analysis with the use of wavelets showed that dynamic downscaling has the potential to reproduce observed spectral peaks of precipitation in SNNEB scales up to 8 days and the scales between 64 and 128 days for the period January 1 to June 30.