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Navegando por Autor "TOBIAS, Gracy Kelly da Silva"

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    É possível gerar “insight” através do ensino dos pré-requisitos por contingências de reforçamento positivo em Rattus norvegicus?
    (Universidade Federal do Pará, 2006) TOBIAS, Gracy Kelly da Silva; CARVALHO NETO, Marcus Bentes de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7613198431695463
    The discussions about creativity indicate difficulties in the definition of what would be an "original" or "creative" pattern and in identifying what variables would control it. Among the interpretations of this phenomenon there is one which is called spontaneous "interconnection of repertoires", when two or more different repertoires, learned in separate, join in new situations producing original sequences of behavior. The problem solving in a sudden way through this interconnection was called "Insight". One process participating in that interconnection would be "Functional Generalization". The present study replicated with some changes, using three rats (Rattus norvegicus) as subjects (S1, S2 and S3), the original work of Epstein (1985b) and investigated the role of "Functional Generalization" in the interconnection of repertoires. The subjects S1 and S2 were taught three different repertoires separately. The S1 learned (1) to push a cube toward a goal, (2) to climb and to rise on the cube and (3) to pull a string. The S2 learned (1) to push the cube with no goal, (2) to climb and to rise on the cube and the (3) to pull a string. The S3 just learned (1) to climb and to rise on cube and (2) to pull a current. After the training they were put into a problem-situation-problem that would demand the interconnection of the learned abilities to arrive to the final step which was to pull a string. The S1 and S2 solved the problem in different ways: one solved in a random way and the other solved after additional training to climb and to pull a string which established important links for the resolution. The S3 didn't solve the problem. The data indicated that functional generalization could be explained as simple generalization and that this would not be a fundamental requirement for the sudden resolution of the problem.
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    O jato de ar quente como estímulo punidor em rattus norvegicus
    (2005-12) CARVALHO NETO, Marcus Bentes de; MAESTRI, Thrissy Collares; TOBIAS, Gracy Kelly da Silva; RIBEIRO, Thalita Coutinho; COUTINHO, Eduarda Cristina Notargiacomo Novaes; MICCIONE, Mariana Morais; OLIVEIRA, Rita de Cássia Valente; FERREIRA, Fabiane Soraia da Silva; FARIAS, Danielle Chaves de; MOREIRA, Daniele
    In experimental research on aversive control, electric shock has been predominantly used as a punisher stimulus. The present work describes the use of an apparatus that produces a hot air blast which can be an alternative stimulus to be used in research on aversive contingencies. The punishing function of the hot air blast was evaluated in both continuous (CRF) and intermittent (FR3) schedules and, in both cases, a partial suppression (98,4% and 71,15%, respectively) of the lever press responding was found, after a history of the continuous reinforcement. Suppression was bigger when the punishing stimulus was applied continuously and these data corroborate the data obtained with electric shock, described in the literature. Both the apparatus and the stimulus seemed to be appropriate from a technical and scientific perspective and the apparatus may become an attractive alternative from a financial standpoint.
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