Navegando por Autor "URBAN, Jaime Antonio"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
3D raytracing through homogeneous anisotropic media with smooth interfaces
(2002-12) COSTA, Jessé Carvalho; SCHOENBERG, Michael; URBAN, Jaime Antonio
Two-point raytracing problem is solved for events in a piecewise homogeneous and laterally varying 3D anisotropic media by continuation techniques. In conjunction with the shooting method the algorithm can be used for computation of qP, qS1, and qS2 events. The algorithm has the same performance and robustness as previous implementations of the continuation method for tracing rays in isotropic models. Routines based on our algorithm have several useful applications. First, an efficient forward problem solver for traveltime inversion of elastic parameters in the presence of anisotropy. Second, Newton-Raphson iterations during two-point raytracing produce wavefront attributes, slowness and wavefront curvature. These attributes allows the computation of geometrical spreading and second order approximations for traveltimes. Therefore it can be used to investigate the effects of anisotropy on CRS, in simple velocity models.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Migração (2,5-D) com amplitudes verdadeiras em meios com gradiente constante de velocidade
(2002-04) CASTILLO, Luis Antonio Lopes; CRUZ, João Carlos Ribeiro; CALLAPINO, German Garabito; URBAN, Jaime Antonio
The true-amplitude seismic migration, in time or depth, provides a measurement of the reflection coefficients of primary reflection events. These are constituted by P-P reflection of longitudinal waves at smooth reflectors. One of the mostly used method is the Kirchhoff migration, by which the seismic image is obtained by stacking the seismic wavefield using a diffraction surface, also called Huygens Surface. In order to obtain true amplitude migration, i.e. the removal of geometrical spreading, it is introduced a weight function in the migration operator. The weight function is determined by the asymptotic solution of the migration integral at stationary points. The ray tracing is a fundamental tool for determining the weight function and the traveltime, that increases the computational costs of the migration process in heterogeneous media. In this work it is presented a true-amplitude migration algorithm tailored for two-and-one-half dimensional model, i.e. when the velocity field varies only with two coordinates of the three dimensional Cartesian system. It is emphasized the special case of constant gradient velocity. As a second topic, this work concerns about recovering seismic attributes from pre-stack seismic data by applying the double diffraction stack inversion. The estimated parameter is the incidence angle at the reflector. Combining the estimated reflection coefficient and the incidence angle, it is possible to perform the so-called Amplitude versus Angle Analysis (AVA) on the interested reflector.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Migração com amplitude verdadeira em meios bidimensionais (2-D) e introdução ao caso 2,5-D
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 1999) URBAN, Jaime Antonio; CRUZ, João Carlos Ribeiro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8498743497664023
In the recent past years we have seen through various published papers an increasing interest in true amplitude migration methods, in order to obtain more informations about the reflectivity properties of the earth subsurface. The most part of these works has treated of this thema either based on Born approximation as given by Beistein (1987) and Bleistein et al. (1987), or on ray theoretical wavefield approximation as given by Hubral et al. (1991), Schleicher et al. (1993) and Martins et al. (1997). By considering arbitrary source-receiver configurations the compressional primary reflections can be imaged into time or depth-migrated reflections so that the migrated wavefield amplitudes are a measure of angle-dependent reflection coeffients. In order to do this various migration algorithms were proposed in the recent past years based on Born or Kirchhoff approach. Both of them treats of a weighted diffraction stack integral operator that is applied to the input seismic data. As result we have a migrated seismic section where at each reflector point there is the source wavelet with the amplitude proportinal to the reflection coefficient at that point. Based on Kirchhoff approach, in this thesis we derive the weight function and the diffraction stack integral operator for the two dimensional (2-D) and for the two and one half (2.5-D) seismic model and apply it to a set of synthetic seismic data in noise environment. The result shows the accuracy and stability of the 2-D and 2.5-D migration methods as a tool for obtaining important information about the reflectivity properties of the earth subsurface, which is of great interest for the amplitude versus offset (angle) analysis. In summary, we present an expressions for the 2-D and 2.5-D weights as a function of parameters along each ray branch of the in-plane trajectory. Moreover, we show examples of application of the true-amplitude depth migration algorithm to synthetic seismic data obtained by ray theory seismic modeling using the Seis88 package (Cervený e Psencík, 1988), in order to make a numerical analysis and to verify the stability and accuracy of the algorithm. The results confirmed the removal of the geometrical spreading from migrated data, even in presence of noise. Additional tests were performed for pulse distortion analysis in depth rnigrated sections (Tygel et al., 1994) and to obtain reflection points attributes by multiple diffraction stack (Tygel et al., 1993).