Navegando por Autor "XAVIER, Marília Brasil"

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Clinical, epidemiological and mycological report on 65 patients from the Eastern Amazon region with chromoblastomycosis
(2012-08) PIRES, Carla Andréa Avelar; XAVIER, Marília Brasil; QUARESMA, Juarez Antônio Simões; MACEDO, Geraldo Mariano Moraes de; SOUSA, Bruna Ranyelle de Marinho; BRITO, Arival Cardoso de
BACKGROUND: Chromoblastomycosis is a chronic fungal infection caused by fungi from the Dematiaceae family. According to several studies, Fonsecaea pedrosoi is the most common of these fungi. The infection is more common in tropical countries, with the Brazilian state of Pará having one of the largest infected populations worldwide. The disease is difficult to treat and recurrences are common. OBJECTIVES: To describe the epidemiological and mycological aspects of cases of chromoblastomycosis and its clinical forms in the state of Pará, Brazil. METHODS: Mycological exams (direct mycological examinations, culture and microculture) were performed and a clinical/epidemiological evaluation was made of 65 patients receiving care at the Dermatology Department of the Federal University of Pará between 2000 and 2007. The clinical classification proposed by Carrión in 1950 was used in this study. RESULTS: The majority of the patients were male (93.8%), agricultural workers (89.2%) of 45 to 55 years of age, and the majority of lesions (55.4%) were of the verrucous type, located principally on the lower limbs (81.5%). In the majority of the cases investigated (61.5%), the infection had been present for a long time, with a mean duration of 11 years. Direct mycological examination was performed in 86.2% of the patients (n=56). Of these, 96.4% (n=54) tested positive. Culture and microculture were performed in vitro in 47 cases of those that tested positive at direct microscopy, results showing Fonsecaea pedrosoi to be the only agent present in this sample. CONCLUSION: This study highlighted the extent to which chromoblastomycosis still affects the quality of life of the local population, principally individuals working in agriculture. This is a chronic disease for which there is no effective treatment. The importance of continuing to investigate this disease should be emphasized, as further studies may lead to new clinical or epidemiological findings.
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Comparison between histopathologic features of leprosy in reaction lesions in HIV coinfected and non-coinfected patients
(2015-02) PIRES, Carla Andréa Avelar; MIRANDA, Mario Fernando Ribeiro de; BITTENCOURT, Maraya de Jesus Semblano; BRITO, Arival Cardoso de; XAVIER, Marília Brasil
BACKGROUND: Leprosy and HIV are diseases that have a major impact on public health in Brazil. Patients coinfected with both diseases, appear to be at higher risk to develop leprosy reactions. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to describe the histopathological aspects of cutaneous lesions during reactional states in a group of patients with HIV-leprosy coinfection, compared to patients with leprosy, without coinfection. METHODS: Two groups were established: group 1 comprised of 40 patients coinfected with HIV-leprosy; group 2, comprised of 107 patients with leprosy only. Patients presenting reactional states of leprosy had their lesions biopsied and comparatively evaluated. RESULTS: Reversal reaction was the most frequent feature in both groups, with dermis edema as the most common histopathological finding. Giant cells were seen in all group 1 histopathological examinations. Dermis edema was the most common finding in patients with erythema nodosum leprosum. CONCLUSION: Few histopathological differences were found in both groups, with reversal reaction as the most significant one, although this fact should be analyzed considering the predominant BT clinical form in the coinfected group and BB form in the group without HIV. Larger prospective studies in patients with HIV-leprosy coinfection are needed to confirm and broaden these results.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Detecção do DNA de Mycobacterium leprae em secreção nasal
(2008-11) PONTES, Ana Rosa Botelho; ALMEIDA, Maria das Graças Carvalho; XAVIER, Marília Brasil; QUARESMA, Juarez Antônio Simões; ISHIKAWA, Edna Aoba Yassui
Studies have demonstrated high sensibility of the polimerase chain reaction (PCR) technique in the identification of the Mycobacterium leprae DNA . This study aimed to evalue the PCR sensibility at the detection of the M. leprae DNA in nasal swab of leprosy patients and to compare the results with the bacilloscopy and multibacillary (MBs) and paucibacilares (PBs) forms. Nasal secretion samples of 24 leprosy patients were collected, and were preserved in one and two lise's solution. The PCR results were highly significant (p <0.0000) and they revealed grater sensibility than bacilloscopy, in several clinical forms. Nevertheless, still different studies are necessary, testing new markers and preservatives, with the purpose of lifting up the sensibility of this technique, in nasal secretion samples.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Exposição humana ao metilmercúrio em comunidades ribeirinhas da Região do Tapajós, Pará, Brasil
(2000-06) PINHEIRO, Maria da Conceição Nascimento; NAKANISHI, Junko; OIKAWA, Teiichi; GUIMARÃES, Geraldo de Assis; QUARESMA, Manoel; CARDOSO, Bernardo da Silva; AMORAS, Walter Wanderley; HARADA, Masazume; MAGNO, Carlos; VIEIRA, José Luiz Fernandes; XAVIER, Marília Brasil; BACELAR, Maria Denise Ribeiro
Evaluation of total human exposure to mercury and methylmercury was effected in riverine villages along the Tapajos river and in the metropolitan area of Belem city, state of Para, Brazil, by using total mercury and methylmercury concentrations in hair samples in 1994 and 1995. It was observed that average concentrations of total mercury are in a range from 2 ± 1µg/g-1 to 20.5 ± 12.1µg/g-1. While methylmercury average concentration varies from 1.4 ± 0.7µg/g-1 to 18.5 ± 11µg/g-1. These results confirm mercury contamination in the Tapajos river and possible appearance of mercury intoxication symptoms, and recommends the monitoring of compounds in hair samples as well as the need for epidemiological and clinical studies for human health prevention and control of mercury intoxication.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Hanseníase e atenção primária à saúde: uma avaliação de estrutura do programa
(Centro Brasileiro de Estudos de Saúde, 2017-03) SOUSA, Gutembergue Santos de; SILVA, Rodrigo Luis Ferreira da; XAVIER, Marília Brasil
Objective: to evaluate the structure of the municipal program of leprosy control in Canaã dos Carajás (Pará), in the context of Primary Health Care. Methods: this is an assessment of health programs, focusing on leprosy, targeting managers of the leprosy program and managers of health facilities of primary care. Two different questionnaires, developed specifically for this purpose, were used. Conclusion: the municipality in question has a structure classified between poor and regular, showing several weaknesses in the assessed program for the care of leprosy.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Nível de atividade física e síndrome lipodistrófica em pacientes com HIV/Aids
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-04) SILVA, Luiz Fernando Gouvêa e; SAID, Renato do Carmo; KIETZER, Kátia Simone; FREITAS, Jofre Jacob da Silva; XAVIER, Marília Brasil
Introduction: Physical activity can be an ally to minimize the appearance of lipodystrophy and its deleterious effects. Objective: To analyze the relationship between physical activity level (PAL) and lipodystrophy syndrome with body composition and quality of life (QOL) of patients with HIV/Aids. Methods: The study included 120 patients with HIV/Aids (38.55±11.47 years). They were evaluated for body mass index, body composition, basal metabolic rate, waist-hip ratio, QOL, presence, type, and location of lipodystrophy, hand grip strength, and PAL. Results: It was found that 70% were sedentary; in addition, lean body mass was 9.5% higher in active patients, as well as muscle strength of right hand grip (11%) and left hand grip (12%) and basal metabolic rate (6.9%). Regarding the association between QOL and PAL, a weak correlation was noted only in relation to confidentiality (r=0.2160, p=0.0210), and active patients showed better results than sedentary ones (p<0.05). Of the patients with lipodystrophy, 66% were sedentary; the predominant type was mixed lipodystrophy (46%) and the most common regions were face and abdomen. It is noteworthy that in patients without the syndrome, the basal metabolic rate was higher (p=0.0175) and the time of infection (p=0.0020) and HAART (p=0.0002) were lower. Conclusion: We conclude, according to the methodology, that sedentary life was predominant, PAL showed positive association only with the concern with confidentiality and the sedentary patients showed two domains below the score of 50 (financial concern and confidentiality), in relation to one domain of active patients. Lipodystrophy was present in 37% of the sample, being the most prevalent type the mixed lipodystrophy, and the main sites of occurrence were face and abdomen. For this group PAL was not positive for body composition and the presence of lipodystrophy did not influence QOL.