Dissertações em Engenharia de Barragem e Gestão Ambiental (Mestrado) - PEBGA/NDAE/Tucuruí
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Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Análise das ações de resposta ao cenário de rompimento de barragem de Tucuruí no contexto do PAE e PLANCON(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-09-10) SILVA, Francisco Júnior Nascimento da; GOUVEIA, Fernanda Pereira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1772072130947378As a result of the latest accidents involving the dam collapse scenario in Brazil and the strong demand from society and supervisory bodies demanding more safety in dam projects, Eletronorte, responsible for HPP Tucuruí, in 2017 prepared the Safety Plan, and in 2023, together with the municipalities located in the ZAS (Self-rescue Zone), it consolidated the integration of Emergency and Contingency Plans. In this sense, this work aimed to analyze the response actions to the Tucuruí dam collapse scenario in the context of municipalities located in ZAS. The methodological steps used to achieve the results were as follows: Characterize the Tucuruí HPP and the municipalities located in the ZAS (Tucuruí and Breu Branco); Description of the history of preparation and integration, PAE-UHE Tucuruí and PLANCONS of the ZAS municipalities; Evaluate the structuring of COMDECs in the ZAS municipalities, based on the criteria of the COMDECs Diagnostic Report in Brazil and Evaluate the operational logistics of the SCI (Incident Command System) defined in the PLANCONs of Tucuruí and Breu Branco. The results revealed that COMDECs are deficient in terms of training, and in Tucuruí, agents need additional training that meets the thematic axes offered by the National Civil Protection and Defense System – SINPDEC. At COMDEC Breu Branco, a lack of training for all members was identified, with courses being carried out only by the coordination. The financial resources verified to support COMDECs' actions are only allocated in cases of occurrences and there is no preventive financial planning in both municipalities. In terms of infrastructure, COMDEC in Breu Branco is not capable of operating in this emergency scenario, as it has limitations in terms of response support from the 8th GBM. Finally, this study presented, for the first time, the weaknesses observed in the context of the collapse of the Tucuruí dam, in terms of the operationalization of the PAE-PLANCONs in the ZAS municipalities, demonstrating that the COMDECS need better structuring and that the Plans must undergo planning adjustments, aiming for better effectiveness in response actions, which can reduce the vulnerability of the population in the post-disaster period.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Análise do impacto ambiental na área de influência das barragens de rejeito no município de Poconé-MT(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-09-29) FERREIRA, Lorrana Dias; SILVA, Adriano Frutuoso da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3321059172343690; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1710-8862Due to tragic accidents related to the failure of tailings dams in Minas Gerais, the disposal of tailings in dams has become an increasingly urgent topic of discussion, especially in relation to the risks associated with this approach. Consequently, mining companies have sought to implement alternative methods for managing tailings resulting from their operations. However, in this direction, the work analyzes the level of the environmental impact in the area of influence of tailings dams in the municipality of Poconé – MT, identifying the major damages that can be caused by a tailings dam rupture. To this end, maps of environmental impacts on the selected dams were created, using the software QGIS, also known as Quantum GIS. The Kernel method was also used, which is an analytical approach that is frequently applied in the assessment of risks and environmental sensitivity in relation to mining tailings dams. The results of the research revealed that throughout the work it was possible to observe that the mining tailings dams existing in the municipal limit of Poconé/MT are defined as structures that promote a “very high” environmental impact, mainly in the urban area than if it occurs the rupture could affect legal preservation areas and the city's drainage system, thus impacting the life of the community in general. With the data obtained, it was possible to analyze the environmental impact of tailings dams on local communities, including the possible relocation of families, access to drinking water and the health of people living nearby. Therefore, the analysis of the environmental impact in the area of influence of tailings dams in Poconé, Mato Grosso, is a crucial part of the responsible management process of mining activities, as it can help develop strategies to mitigate these impacts and ensure the protection of the environment.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Aplicação da ferramenta de risco FMEA para análises dos modos de falha de uma barragem de terra: estudo de caso Projeto Formoso do Araguaia-TO(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-05-15) SANTOS, Andreia Arruda; GOUVEIA, Fernanda Pereira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1772072130947378The Formoso River Project, located in the state of Tocantins, is the largest irrigation project in Latin America and its structures, made up of three dams, have worried the supervisory body due to the compromised state of conservation of these structures, with evidence of pathologies and anomalies at various points. The state government, which is the developer of the dams, in 2012 even contracted revitalization projects for the enterprise, but to date the works have not been carried out, which makes the safety of the dams more vulnerable. The general objective of the research is to analyze the risk situation of the Calumbi II dam, which makes up the Rio Formoso irrigation project, through the application of the FMEA (Failure Mode and Effects Analysis) risk tool, identifying the most likely failure modes and with greater potential. Other objectives would be: the description of the interventions recommended by the consultancy hired by the entrepreneur and the critical analysis of the lack of dam safety management. The research methodology was based on four stages: a) characterization of the Rio Formoso Project and the case study dam; b) survey of anomalies and pathologies found in the dam; c) application of the FMEA risk tool and d) critical analysis of the dam's safety management case study. The results indicated that the Calumbi II dam presents several pathologies and anomalies (presence of large trees and shrub vegetation on the crest, retraction cracks, erosion and water surges on the slopes), and that despite the dam operating at minimum levels, failures may occur. The FMEA tool demonstrated that the highest priority failure mode would be upstream slope instability (NPR=336), secondly, failure due to piping (NPR=320) and thirdly, but more remote, failure due to dam overtopping ( NPR=144). From the aspect of the analysis of the safety management of the Calumbi II Dam, the vulnerability of the enterprise was concluded, since the dam does not have a PSB or PAE, it does not have installed instrumentation, there is no professional responsible for safety, it does not have studies of risk assessments, does not receive regular periodic inspections by the supervisory body.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Mapas de inundação em área urbana na cidade de Araguaína/TO: estudo de caso da interferência da CGH Corujão(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-02-25) SANTANA, Leonardo Moreira; SILVA, Adriano Frutuoso da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3321059172343690; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1710-8862The habitation occupation in the area of influence of CGH (hydroelectric power station) - Corujão is quite significant, however, there is an imminent risk of flooding in the area, a factor that motivated the development of the study, to understand the real risks incident on the area. Therefore, this work aimed to analyse the impacts of the CGH Corujão dam reservoir in the urban area of the city of Araguaína/TO. A data collection and characterization of the Neblina stream, which flows into the CGH reservoir, were carried out to understand how the occurrence of high levels of rain causes the stream to overflow and increase the risks of flooding in an urban area, being calculated the maximum rainfall. With these data, a simulation was performed using the HEC-RAS program, which led to the generation of flood maps. Regarding the impacts of the dam reservoir in the urban area of the city, it was possible to observe that it has little influence in the flood areas, according to the maps obtained from the aplicativo HEC-RAS. From the results it was possible to verify that most of the maps presented risks to human life and structural damage. These data show that it is an area of vulnerability to floods and, consequently, to life, health, infrastructure, economy and socioeconomic development. The estimated contributions of the study involve the population and the government. The identification of areas of greater vulnerability in terms of failures and collapses of masonry structures, essential information for the development of a master plan in which these areas of greater risk are excluded from use for housing, commerce, services and other activities. With access to the full risk map, the city has the possibility to develop future housing programs so that the existing structures are deactivated and companies, residences, services and others are directed to other areas, with safety and guarantee of rights. Urban planning, in activities such as drainage studies, needs this information so that they can be developed in an assertive and effective way, benefiting the public administration, by avoiding damages that need to be corrected and require resources, in addition to improving the infrastructure of services and making the daily life of citizens safer. The civil defence, in possession of the data obtained, can develop support programs for the residents of the region, issue risk alerts more broadly in the face of the forecast of intense rains and floods, allowing individuals who are in these areas to seek more safe for these moments of risk. With this study, it is possible to define risk reduction approaches that guarantee more health for the population, reduce the demand for resources for health care after the floods, as well as reduce the occupancy of beds for the sick and injured due to the floods. In view of the above, it appears that the benefits are numerous, both for the population and for the public administration, with a reduction in expenses and costs to the public coffers, in addition to a greater guarantee of preservation of the life and patrimony of individuals who, in the present, live in areas of high vulnerability.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Modelagem do rompimento e delimitação da área de inundação da barragem da Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia em Castanhal-PA(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-06-29) FONTES, Erick Alexandre de Oliveira; SILVA, Adriano Frutuoso da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3321059172343690; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1710-8862Dams have structures that can cause changes over the years, which can cause changes in change processes, impacts, changes, changes in change processes, changes in the internal change process, changes in the change process, changes in the internal change process, changes in the process of change, changes in the process of internal change, overturning and others, the cause of which may come from natural phenomena or also from mismanagement. Thus, the experimental work presented as objective the objective of analyzing the hypothetical land located in the aquaculture station of the Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, in the municipality of objective Castanhal - PA. No methodological approach was used to simulate the flooding of the floodplain of HEC-RAS 5.0.3 (Hydrologic Engineers Corps – River System). The model software is based on the solution of permanent or non-permanent or two-dimensional Saint-Ven solutions, in version 5.3, considering the permanent regimes. The research numbers were observed from the simulation of the effects of the dam of results that were carried out: Seven, an information survey was carried out about the dam and an information survey was carried out with the ANA. A hazard implementation process is carried out afterwards and a report that this dam is nearing completion. Therefore, it is concluded in that study that the maintenance carried out in a severe way of materials and immaterial makes the impacts downstream, in front of the exposed, necessary to maintain the interdiction of the dam so that the maintenance of materials and emergency is necessary.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Proposta de inspeção de barragens através de um aplicativo para dispositivo móvel(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-05-21) SANTOS JUNIOR, Evandro Lopes dos; SILVA, Adriano Frutuoso da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3321059172343690; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1710-8862Ensuring safety and reliability in dams is a challenge for society, governments and especially for entrepreneurs who experience daily difficulties in maintaining the enterprise in good conditions of use during its life cycle. Today, technology is an indispensable tool for this to happen in view of the continuous need for the development and application of this tool in this branch of engineering. Thus, in order to contribute to the dam inspection process, the present work brings a proposal that innovates in the way the information is collected bringing the possibility of replacing the filling of a check list in a manual and traditional way to an automated way through a platform. simple and intuitive. This platform consists of an Android application. To do so, it was necessary to analyze the entrepreneur's manual on dam safety - volume II of the National Water Agency, study about mobile application development and define the application's functionalities to develop it. Then, studies were carried out on the programming language and the software for developing the tool on Android. One by one, the features of the App were built using a peculiar methodology for this, which revolves around the gear made up of research, testing and implementation. The developed application, called ISB, is a test version and has been subjected to emulations to verify its operation. Therefore, it was found that the application performed satisfactorily, avoiding flaws in the filling, and therefore in the safety assessment of the works surveyed.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Proposta de integração da metodologia FMEA na gestão de segurança de barragem hidréletrica(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-03-18) CARVALHO, Regiana Barbosa; GOUVEIA, Fernanda Pereira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1772072130947378The dam failure scenario in Brazil has been more frequent than expected around the world and, therefore, dam safety management has become a central focus of entrepreneurs who have sought to meet legal requirements and supervisory bodies. In this context, risk analysis methodologies applied in several sectors of the industry, started to be considered in the management of dam projects, adding benefits in the activities of control and monitoring of the structures, as well as in the prediction of failure modes and accidents. Therefore, the present research has as a general objective, to propose the integration of the risk analysis methodology, FMEA methodology (Failure Modes and Effects Analysis) to the safety management system practiced at UHE Tucuruí, seeking to expand the entrepreneur's management to the scope of the failure mode scenarios and their respective causes, including the monitoring of indicators related to the dam's safety status, occurrence and detection rates. The research methodology was based on five steps, namely: a) characterization of the dam, a case study; b) identification of anomalies present in the structure's history; ç); analysis of the entrepreneur's management process; d) application of the FMEA methodology resulting in scenarios with higher NPR and; e) proposal to integrate the FMEA into the safety management system practiced by the entrepreneur. The results of the FMEA application indicated that among the failure modes simulated for the dam case study, the scenario “internal erosion caused by clogging of filters and drains in the earthen dam on the right bank” presented the highest NPR, and therefore, this is the scenario that requires prioritization of actions. Also, for most of the simulated failure modes, the detection rate resulted in a 'low detection', due to weaknesses in the dam monitoring system, as recorded in the dam instrumentation reports. In the case of the UHE Tucuruí safety management process, it was possible to integrate the FMEA methodology into the plant's flowchart, taking advantage of the "Periodic Review" stage, using the same team hired for this demand, optimizing the flowchart. Finally, it is expected that the integration of the FMEA methodology in the dam management process will provide the following benefits: a) dam safety management oriented towards the management of failure mode scenarios; b) management of risk control mechanisms and continuous assessment of the project's monitoring system.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Simulação numérica de derramamento de óleo na foz do rio Amazonas(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-01-30) DEMONER, Sarana Castro; ABREU, Carlos Henrique Medeiros de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9009261156099636; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0904-8791; TEIXEIRA, Marcelo Rassy; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8912916360456192The dynamics of rivers in the Amazon is predominantly linked to threats or natural events that may or may not trigger environmental damage. In March 2013 a large portion of soil slid into the interior of the Santana channel in Amapá, this abrupt mass movement took with it the Port of Santana and its respective facilities. The forensics findings identified a sensitive soil that had not previously been identified in Brazil. Due to the unusual behavior of the material on the shores of the Port of Santana, the new soil characteristics identified and because it is a port area, which houses several materials of great polluting potential, including bulk terminals, pipelines, the need arises to evaluate the behavior of a possible oil spill through hydrodynamic modeling. The software SisBaHiA® - Base System of Environmental Hydrodynamics was chosen to be used in the development of the models because it has a friendly interface and is already widespread in related lines of research. With the models and simulated scenarios, we identified the proportions of a new landslide accident involving these fuel reserves, the areas of the Santana channel that would be directly affected by the oil and what is the response time that the responsible institutions would have to trigger actions for mediation and containment of an accident of this proportion. Thus, the study seeks to obtain timely management mechanisms and decision-making about a possible accident.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) O uso de Veículos Aéreos Não Tripulados (VANTs) para inspenções de segurança em barragens: estudo exploratório UHE Tucuruí(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-05-28) EL BANNA, Kamila Dias Bernardes; TEIXEIRA, Marcelo Rassy; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8912916360456192The main objective of this research is to verify the applicability of remote sensing by Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), or popularly known as (drones) to aid in the safety of security in hydroelectric dams. It highlights the role and importance of technology as a means of innovation, for this application, as an exploratory study of the UHE Tucuruí. Some signs of deterioration or cracking, for example, can only be identified with visual inspections. For this reason, they are irreplaceable in dam safety control. In this context, the use of the UAV is very useful in these inspections, since its use makes this activity faster and safer, as it allows the verification of regions of the dam that are difficult to access, thus enabling full documentation of the dam's conservation status, in addition to the possibility of adapting sensors of different types and applicability, thus helping to provide more detailed information. The UAV, used for this research, satisfactory results for the evaluations to which it was exposed. Images with adequate quality and sequences were generated, so you can easily observe all the characteristics of the dam surface, thus providing a good support in the operation activities. In addition to supporting the dam safety assessment, the images generated can be gathered and used as a basis for other photographic surveys.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Utilização da termografia infravermelha embarcada em RPA como alternativa de monitoramento de surgências em uma barragem de mineração(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-05-17) BARROS, Eudes José Melo de; GOUVEIA, Fernanda Pereira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1772072130947378Safety inspections aim to detect anomalies in structures, and the entrepreneur must guarantee these procedures, in accordance with ANM Resolution No. 95/2022. Therefore, many mining companies have been seeking more efficient methods or techniques that allow for less use of resources and, at the same time, greater control of information from inspected locations. In cases of detecting areas with emergencies, research shows that infrared thermography on board a RPA (Remotely Piloted Aircraft), popularly known as a drone, (TERMO-RPA) is efficient in identifying areas with humidity and infiltrations. Therefore, the objective of the research is to propose the use of this method in the inspection procedures of a mining dam, aiming to detect areas with emergencies. The methodology adopted comprised the following steps: a) Characterization of the dam; b) Description of the methodology of TERMO-RPA inspection procedures; c) Treatment of thermal camera images after inspections; d) Characterization tests of the soil collected from the regions for classification and analysis of possible influence on the detection of emergences; e) Determination of environmental variables in the inspected regions; f) Preparation and analysis of TERMO-RPA thermographic mapping, g) Description of routine dam inspection procedures and advantages of inspection with the TERMO-RPA method. It was concluded that there is an inversely proportional correlation between the temperatures obtained from soil thermography and soil humidity, that is, areas with lower temperatures presented higher percentages of humidity, while in areas with higher temperatures, humidity was lower, This behavior was observed in both periods (dry and rainy). It was not possible to reach an assertive conclusion about the influence of the type of soil and the effectiveness of detecting emergences, since the regions with the presence of humidity are composed of the same type of soil. It was possible to identify advantages in using TERMO-RPA when compared to routine inspections carried out by the entrepreneur, namely: safety aspect with reduced risk exposure; greater agility; absence of restrictions on access to inspection sites; In terms of range, it makes it possible to vary the taking of thermal images of the dam, depending on desired altitudes. Finally, future work is suggested to evaluate the influence of environmental conditions such as temperature and humidity, as well as the presence of vegetation on the soil surface when using the TERMO-RPA method.