Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geologia e Geoquímica - PPGG/IG

URI Permanente desta comunidadehttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/2603

O Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geologia e Geoquímica (PPGG) do Instituto de Geociências (IG) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA) surgiu em 1976 como uma necessidade de desmembramento do então já em pleno desenvolvimento Curso de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Geofísicas e Geológicas (CPGG), instalado ainda em 1973 nesta mesma Universidade. Foi o primeiro programa stricto sensu de Pós-Graduação (mestrado e doutorado) em Geociências em toda Amazônia Legal. Ao longo de sua existência, o PPGG tem pautado sua atuação na formação na qualificação de profissionais nos níveis de Mestrado e Doutorado, a base para formação de pesquisadores e profissionais de alto nível. Neste seu curto período de existência promoveu a formação de 499 mestres e 124 doutores, no total de 623 dissertações e teses.

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação e aplicação de dados de sensores remotos no estudo de ambientes costeiros tropicais úmidos, Bragança, norte do Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2000-11-17) SOUZA FILHO, Pedro Walfir Martins e; EL-ROBRINI, Maâmar; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5707365981163429
The study site is situated in the Cretaceous Bragança-Viseu coastal basin. The holocenic evolution of this area is marked by muddy progradation over a submerging coast, where is developed one of the most mangrove system of the world, with almost 6,000 km2. This research has showed that orbital remote sensing data can provide excellent geologic and coastal land use information. The SAR RADARSAT-1 imageries represent a powerful tool to understand the coastal processes in the wet tropical environments, mainly in the mangrove coasts. This fact is related to microwave radiation can be interpreted for Amazon coastal zone mapping and monitoring, because SAR image constitutes in the unique source of data with all-weather remote sensing capability, in response to difficulty to get optical images in the Amazon, due to all-time cloud cover. Landsat TM imageries are excellent data sources to integration with RADARSAT-1. They present a good performance in coastal environments discrimination. The remote sensing data integration allow a synoptic view of the area and provide geobotanic (relation between coastal environment and vegetation) and multitemporal information. In addition to integrated data, geographic information system (GIS) combines different data sets and simultaneously interprets the spatial and temporal relationship between various coastal environments. This way, GIS allows for a more comprehensive, accurate and easier interpretation of a geomorphologic mapping under an organizational philosophy to control data towards use the information to coastal zone management. The application of remote sensing data in the tropical coastal studies was used in different approaches. In relation to spatial and temporal variability of the shoreline, this study has revealed that during the Holocene, the coastal plain is marked by a muddy progradation. However, from the analysis of the remote sensing images were possible investigate the shoreline variability under long (1972-1998) and short (1985-1988, 1988-1990, 1990-1991) term, which is characterized by shoreline retreat, probably due to climatic changes, such as El-Niño and La-Niña events. These climatic events control the rainfall along the coastal zone, where severe erosional period (1985- 1988) are coupled with high precipitation rate (> 4,000 mm/yr.). From the point of view of the spatial analysis of the coastal changes, the mangroves constitutes one of the most environments to be analyzed by remote sensing images, as in the electro-optical spectrum due to their high reflectance in the infrared, as in the microwave due to their rough surface responsible for high backscattering. Therefore, mangroves have showed to be an excellent geologic indicator to detect and to quantify short and long-term morphological coastal changes. To conclude, remote sensing data integration, GIS and auxiliary fieldwork data present a fundamental role to the integrated coastal zone management, environmental risk assessment, local characterization of the study sites, base maps upgrading and information dissemination for public consultation, which are all significant factors in this decision-making process.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Detecção de mudança e sedimentação no estuário do Rio Coreaú
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-09-02) RODRIGUES, Suzan Waleska Pequeno; SOUZA FILHO, Pedro Walfir Martins e; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3282736820907252
The use of new techniques to study the evolution and filling incised valleys has provided, over the years, important results was to understand how the coastal evolution of the Brazilian coastal zone. In this context, this thesis aimed to study the evolution of the estuary Coreaú River, located in the state of Ceará, in different time scales, is "Possible" (months, years), "Engineering" (years, decades) and "Geology" (hundreds, centuries, millennio), proposed by Cowell et al (2003), with the goal to assess whether changes /alterations over the years were significant or not in the estuary. As a result, we obtained the first goal, using remote sensing techniques from image sensor TM, ETM+ and OLI of Landsat 5, 7 and 8 and sensor LISS-3 of satellite ResourceSat-1 from 1985 to 2013, a change minimal in relation to morphological changes along the estuary in the last 28 years (between Possible scales and Engineering), there was an increase in this period of 0.236 km2 (3%) of the area, not bringing significant changes to the estuary. Regarding sedimentation rate, corresponding to the second goal, from the collection of nine witnesses, up to 1m deep and using radionuclídeo 210 Pb along the estuary, we obtained a rate that ranged from 0,33 cm/year 1 cm/year (between scales Geological and Engineering) near the mouth of the estuary, and with a quick sedimentation perceived on the east bank of the river, where there are younger sediments toward the west margin. Regarding the fulfillment, third and final goal from the sampling of testimonials to 18 m depth, using the sampler Rammkernsonden (RKS), profiles and stratigraphic sections that helped understand filling the valley section of the estuary of the Coreaú river were generated and that it is a fluvialmarine estuary, filling the valleys formed in group Barriers in the last 10.000 years before present. These analyzes and results serve as a basis for comparison with other estuaries, either fluvial, fluvio-marine or marine, to better understand what the possible events that dominated sedimentation along the coast of Brazil at diferent scales.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Morfodinâmica costeira e o uso da orla oceânica de Salinópolis (Nordeste do Pará)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-12-15) RANIERI, Leilanhe Almeida; EL-ROBRINI, Maâmar; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5707365981163429
The morphodynamic aspects related to erosion or accretion of the coastline are some of the topics analyzed in the management of coastal zones being discussed around the world in order to monitor and protect these zones. This thesis aims to analyze the behavior of the coastal morphodynamics of the Salinópolis, relating to the use of ocean margin. The study area was compartmentalized into three sectors: Western (Corvina and Maçarico beaches), Center (Farol Velho beach) and Eastern (Atalaia beach). The methodology consisted of: (a) acquisition and processing of multi-temporal images (1988-2001-2013) of the Landsat 5 TM, 7 ETM and 8 OLI; (b) application of interviews/questionnaires with bathers, (c) acquisition of field data during the rainy season (April 26th, 27th and 28th, 2013) and less rainy (045.5) prevailed at these beaches, but with the occurrence of the the longshore bar and trough state (4.7 <Ω <5.5) in the western sector. The macrotidals in the study area showed maximum height of 5.3 m (Center Sector during the less rainy season) and a minimum of 4 m in the same sector during the rainy season. The longshore currents were more intense in the eastern sector (> 0.45 m / s) during the two seasons of the year. The wave heights were also higher in the eastern sector (maximum of 1.05 m during the flood tide in the less rainy season) and wave periods were shorter (<4.5 s) in the western sector. The mean grain size obtained from sediments collected on the beaches had more frequent scale between 2.6 to 2.8 phi, indicating the predominance of fine sand. The predominant degree of sorting of sediment was 0,2 to 0,5 phi (very well sorted and well sorted), and asymmetry was positive (0.10 to 0.30) and nearly symmetrical (-0.10 to 0.10). The degree of kurtosis ranged from very platykurtic (<0.67) to very leptokurtic (1.50 to 3.00). Sediment accretion events were observed of the rainy season to less rainy season. From 07/22/1988 to 08/28/2013 (25 years) also predominated accretion, where the average linear advancement of the coastline was 190.26 m. The average linear retreat obtained for the entire study area was -42.25 m. The eroding areas are point: currencies from the beaches of Corvina and Maçarico, and Farol Velho and Atalaia. Portable traps indicated a greater quantity of sediment transported longitudinally in the less rainy season (minimum 280 g/m3: flood, west sector; maximum 1098 g/m3: ebb, east sector). In the traps applied in the swash zone, the balance of sediment entering and leaving the beaches was lower in the center sector (minimum 80 g/m3: ebb, maximum 690 g/m3: flood; less rainy season). The coastal sediment movement is derived mainly from effect of the tides, which are oriented toward the direction of the ebb and flow of the estuary crossing the coast. The data indicate the longshore transport of sediment from the Atalaia island and Sampaio River to the west sector and the beaches margins.

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