Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Ambientais - PPGCA/IG

URI Permanente desta comunidadehttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/2854

O Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Ambientais (PPGCA) integra o Instituto de Geocências (IG) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA) em parceria com o Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi (MPEG) e a Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA/Amazônia Oriental) iniciou suas atividades em 2005 com o Mestrado Acadêmico e em 2011 com o Doutorado Acadêmico.

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Agora exibindo 1 - 6 de 6

Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise do desflorestamento nos municípios do estado do Pará entre os anos de 2000 a 2009 e a importância das áreas protegidas na contenção do desflorestamento
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-10-26) MONTEIRO, Elivelton Ferreira; FERREIRA, Leandro Valle; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8103998556619871
This work aims to demonstrate the process of deforestation in the municipalities of Pará state and the importance of protected areas and indigenous territories in curbing the same. The study area constitutes the state of Para, which has an area of 1,247,690 km², and its 143 municipalities. Data were collected at INPE Monitoring Project in the Brazilian Amazon Forest by Satellite - PRODES. The processing and analysis of vector data was performed using ArcView 3.3 software. Deforestation accumulated by the year 2009, the state of Pará is about 19.6%. Since the remaining forest cover is about 65%. Deforestation in Pará presents itself differently among the twelve regions of integration, deforestation is concentrated mainly in northeastern and southeastern regions of the state, and also along major highways. The proportion of deforestation is varied between the municipalities of Pará Of the 143 municipalities, 31 are between 0 and 15.5% of their lands deforested, represents 21.7% of the total, 16 municipalities (11, 2%) are entre15, 5% and 35.5%, 32 municipalities (22.4%) are between 35.5% and 55.5%, 24 municipalities (11.9%) are between 55.5 and 75, 5% and 40 municipalities are between 75.5% and 95.5% of deforestation their territories, representing 28%. Of the 143 municipalities, 24 are between 0 and 15.5% of their lands deforested, represents 16.8% of the total, 22 municipalities (15.4%) are entre15, 5% and 35.5%, 27 municipalities (18.9%) are between 35.5% and 55.5%, 27 municipalities (18.9%) are between 55.5 and 75.5%, and 43 counties are between 75.5% and 95.5 % of deforested their territories, which represents 30.1%. In the state of Pará today there are 117 protected areas, being a Military Area, occupying 1.7%, 71 Conservation Units (14 Full Protection and Sustainable Use of 57) and 45 indigenous lands, occupying 29.03% and 22 9%, respectively, totaling 53.6% of the total state. The proportion of protected areas varies greatly among municipalities in the state of Pará Of the 143 cities, 16 shows from 55.5% to 93.6% of their territory within protected areas, representing 11.2% of the total, 12 municipalities (8.4%) had between 35.5% to 55.5%, 23 municipalities (16.1%) had between 15.5% - 35.5%, 15 municipalities (10.5%) are between 5, 5% - 16.5%, and the vast majority, 77 municipalities are between 0 and 5.5% of their territory within protected areas, representing 53.8%. There was a significant and negative correlation between the proportion of deforestation and the proportion of protected areas in Pará (r =-0.66). The municipalities that have the highest percentage of protected areas are therefore those with the lowest proportion of deforested their territories. The analysis of deforestation in the inner and outer municipalities of Pará showed the large proportion of vegetation within these areas compared to its exterior.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Contribuição do cadastro ambiental rural na conservação de recursos naturais nos limites de duas bacias hidrográficas amazônicas
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-09-06) MONTEIRO, Felipe Freire; VENTURIERI, Adriano; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8968863324073508
The conversion from Forest to other kinds of alternative land uses has been occurred rapidly in the Amazon region. This process has been occurred mostly due to the development of the cattle ranching, large scale and familiar agriculture, commercial timber and mining. In this context, objecting to promote the conservation of natural resources, the Brazilian government adopted the system of protected areas, Indian lands and quilombo. And also to promote major environmental protection and conservation of resources, were created tools such as the Cadastro Ambiental Rural – CAR objecting to map and monitoring rural properties to comply with the disposed in the brazilian forestry code, considering mainly the legal reserve and the permanently protected areas. Thereby, this research tried to evaluate the capacity of such legal reserves to ensure the conservation of natural resources, making use of the CAR data and other products of governmental agencies researches. Two Amazon basins were evaluate through principles of landscape ecology with the use of landscape metrics. The results indicate that the two study areas have different characteristics, one having more capacity to maintain the resources and other markedly more fragmented, indicating also different characteristics of rural properties with different importance to the conservation of the natural resources.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O efeito da fragmentação insular na paisagem e comunidade arbórea em ilhas na Amazônia
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013) BORGES, Cézar Augusto Reis da Fonseca; FERREIRA, Leandro Valle; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8103998556619871
The construction of hydroelectric plants has been a new vector of forest fragmentation on the globe, especially in the Amazon, which has several dams under construction currently planned beyond. The training provides hydroelectric reservoirs in fragmented landscapes, with the creation of artificial islands (fragments), which have the peculiarity of being surrounded by an array tougher for most species, different fragments of land, having a direct effect on reducing biodiversity. This study aimed to evaluate the insular landscape of Lake Tucuruí, by quantifying landscape structure, as a basis for conservation implications. Concomitantly, we assessed the effects of fragmentation on the island tree community, through the structure of the landscape and edge effects, both have been one of the most ecological processes impacting on biodiversity in fragmented landscapes. The results indicated the spatial arrangement may be an approach used for conservation mechanisms in dams, but should consider specific aspects of the islands. In turn, the vegetation is still not responding to the current landscape structure, being in a phase of extinction debt, and the edge effect the main factor for the formation of plant communities.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Uma estrada na reserva: impactos sócioambientais da PA-136 em Mãe Grande, Curuçá, (PA)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2007) FIGUEIREDO, Elida Moura; FURTADO, Lourdes Gonçalves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1828475659148260; CASTRO, Edna Maria Ramos de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4702941668727146
The ambiental changes of the Amazonia, are going along a certain seria of factors and performances who demonstrate certain complexity of interests who go since any substitution from the forest to pasture and for agroindustry, until a superexploration of the fishing recourses, the construction of hidrelectrical units and exploration of minerals, among others. Despite an continued criction of Conservation Unids for the sense to maintain integrity as an part of the forest, it’s perceble that the devastation continued with alarmant numbers in each new year ho comes along. This canary, as roads have a fundamental paper. The arise ant expansion of roads in Amazonia are an great vectors of these changes, originating farther devastation, social changes, ambiental, economic and cultural, allowing conflicts and various tensions. On this mather, this work identifies and analisaises the social-ambiental impacts of the PA-136, road who connect the municipality as Castanhal to the community São João do Abade, area moun legally sinse 2000 as Extrativism Reserve Marina Mãe Grande, of the municipality Curuça, northeast of Para Stat.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Recomposição de reserva legal na região do tapajós: identificação de espécies e sistemas silviculturais
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-06-30) VIEIRA, Luiza de Sousa; BRIENZA JÚNIOR, Silvio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1750852376922258
This research had the goal to identify the potential species and arrangements and / or silvicultural systems, that associated to the spontaneous vegetation, ensure viable characteristics to the recomposition of Legal Reserve in the region of Tapajós. It was implanted three silvicultural systems: 1) Plantation of trees in plats of 36 plants per specie, in random blocks, 32 species that are the treatment, five repetitions, spacing 1,5 x 1,5. 2) Plantation in One Tree Plot - OTP, in random blocks, 29 species as treatment, 12 repetitions, spacing 3 x 3. 3) Plantation in agroforestry system, which was used the Taungya System, spacing 7 x 7. It was performed the characterization of the floristic composition, diversity and similarity of the spontaneous vegetation; measured the survival and growth of the Forest species; and productivity of the spontaneous vegetation and the planted forest species. In all the studies area, it was identified 1597 subjects belonging to 137 species, 98 gender e 40 families. The found Shannon - Weaver Index was 3,75 to plat, 3,72 to agroforestry e 3,56 to OTP. The similarity by the Sorensen Index found was: 65,52% between Plat and OTP, 63,58% between Plat and Agroforestry and 50,31% between OTP and Agroforestry. Considering the survival rate and the average growth in DAP e total height, the descending order of importance of the studied silvicultural systems was as follows: OTP 76 > OTP 75 > Plat 76 > Plat 75. For exploration of the Legal reserve area, considering the productivity of the subjects with DAP > 0,45m, the descending order of importance of the silviculturals systems is as follows: OTP > Plat > Agroforestry. As there were no statistically significant differences between the Shannon - Weaver Indexes found for the spontaneous vegetation of the three analyzed silvicultural systems, and considering the productivity of individuals with DAP > 0.45 m, the OTP system would be more indicated for the recovery of Legal Reserve specifically from the forest point of view and agroforestry system, although with less forest productivity could be indicated for the small producers because it is associated with agricultural crops..The study results show that around 40 years after the plantation of the Forest species in the referred agroforestry systems its possible obtain high diversity in floristic composition under these plantations, restoring the ecological and productive function of the area.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Sustentabilidade e gestão ambiental no município de Moju/PA: desafios para a produção do biodiesel
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-02-26) CARDOSO, Andreza Soares; VIEIRA, Ima Célia Guimarães; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3761418169454490; TOLEDO, Peter Mann de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3990234183124986
The concept of sustainable development and its further management emerge as a need to think of new ways to measure economic growth. The concept of "Sustainability Indicators”, designed to measure the level of sustainability of a system, based on indices from economic, social and environmental sector, can help in the evaluation to point out to the accomplishment of sustainable development of a specific municipality, region or county. The public policy of biofuels executed under the National Policy on Production of Biodiesel – PNPB, was created to be applied in the Amazon Region, including the State of Pará, through the program "Poles of Biodiesel Production ". In this context, one of the main targets was the municipality of Moju figured as one of the largest producers of palm oil in the northern region of Brazil. Despite the huge expansion of oil palm cultivation in this county, there are strong concerns about the ability of Moju to receive this governmental incentive and development program as an effective public policy for sustainability. The potential for strongs impacts in the territoriality configuration and social menace are high. In addition, due to the expected economic and environmental dynamics in a municipality there has not been a preparation phase through environmental management programs to minimize potential hazards in the different sectors that may be targeted by such program. This Study focused in the understanding and measure of the sustainability level of the municipality of Moju and evaluated its environmental management capacity. Interviews were performed and secondary data were incorporated into a sustainability analysis framework of the Barometer of Sustainability. It was observed that the municipality tends to a low sustainability trend with few socioeconomic and environmental advances, which demonstrates the fragility of this political district in environmental issues. In general, the city has license to exercise full environmental management, i.e., presents a desirable or efficient administrative structure but its operational structure is poor or ineffective, which will certainly show problems to couple with the PNPB economic dynamics.

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