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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Canine antibody response to Lutzomyia longipalpis saliva in endemic area of visceral leishmaniasis
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-06) BATISTA, Luís Fábio da Silva; MATTA, Vânia Lúcia Ribeiro da; TOMOKANE, Thaise Yumie; PACHECO, Acácio Duarte; SILVEIRA, Fernando Tobias; ROSSI, Claudio Nazaretian; MARCONDES, Mary; LAURENTI, Márcia Dalastra
Introduction: Canine exposure to Lutzomyia longipalpis bites and the potential of Leishmania infantum transmissibility for the vector were evaluated. Methods: Immunoglobulin G (IgG) anti-Lu longipalpis saliva and -L. infantum, and blood parasite load were determined in dogs from endemic areas of visceral leishmaniasis. Results: Blood parasitism was similar between symptomatic and asymptomatic dogs. IgG anti-L. infantum was higher in symptomatic dogs, but IgG anti-Lu. longipalpis saliva was mostly observed in higher titers in asymptomatic dogs, indicating vector preference for feeding on asymptomatic dogs. Conclusions: Our data suggest a pivotal role of asymptomatic dogs in L. infantum transmission in endemic areas.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Composição mineral da cana-de-açúcar in natura hidrolisada com cal virgem (CaO)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-12) DOMINGUES, Felipe Nogueira; OLIVEIRA, Mauro Dal Secco de; MOTA, Diego Azevedo; OLIVEIRA, Raimundo Parente de; SANTOS, Juliana dos; MIRANDA, Augusto Sousa; GODOY, Bruno Spacek
The aim of this study was to evaluate the mineral composition of “in natura” sugarcane hydrolyzed with increasing doses of quicklime and different periods of exposure to air. The levels of quicklime (CaO) used were 0.0 (control); 0.5; 1.0; 1.5 to 2.0% based on natural matter of cane and the time of exposure to air at 0; 24; 48; 72 and 96 hours. The mineral composition was assessed through the concentrations of calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), chromium (Cr), lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd). We used a completely randomized design. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance with repeated measures for comparison of means by Tukey test at 5% probability was used. The Ca concentration changes (P<0,05) caused a modification of the Ca:P ratio in the hydrolyzed sugarcane that reached 36.46:1 at the highest dose of lime (2.0%). The levels of P, K, Mg, Zn and Cu decreased with increasing levels of quicklime (P<0,05). Regarding to the period of exposure to air, there was an increase in the concentration of K, Mg, and Mn (P<0,05). The treatment of sugarcane with microprocessed quicklime (CaO) increases the Ca content of the forage. Pb is present in the quicklime but in a concentration well below the toxic concentration for ruminants.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Interação genótipo-ambiente em rebanhos nelore da Amazônia Legal
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-09) MATOS, Amanda de Sousa; SENA, Josynélia do Socorro da Silva; MARCONDES, Cíntia Righetti; LÔBO, Raysildo Barbosa; RORATO, Paulo Roberto Nogara; CUCCO, Diego de Córdova; ARAÚJO, Ronyere Olegário de; BEZERRA, Luiz Antonio Framartino
Genotype-environment interaction was studied by two different procedures in productive and reproductive traits of Nellore cattle. Data from adjusted weights at 120 (P120), 210 (P210), 450 (P450) days of age, scrotal circumference at 450 days of age (PE450) and age at first calving (IPP) for 211,744 records from Nellore herds located in the Legal Amazon region were used in the analysis. The effect of genotypeenvironment interaction was studied through heritability estimates and rank correlation, comparing the Legal Amazon animals with the general basis of animals – PMGRN Nellore Brazil. Bi-trait analyses considered P120 as anchor-trait with P210, P450 and PE450 as another one. IPP has been analyzed separately in single-trait analysis and considering GCIPP as fixed and additive and residual effects as random. Estimates of heritability for P120, P210, P450, PE450 and IPP on the data of the Legal Amazon were: 0.20 to 0.49; 0.21; 0.48; 0.45; and 0.21, respectively, and in general data of PMGRN – Nellore Brazil were: 0.23; 0.25; 0.34; 0.43 and 0.11, respectively. Correlations between rank for P120, P210, P450, PE450 and IPP were equal to 0.77; 0.79; 0.82; 0.78 and 0.38, respectively. The analysis of the genotypeenvironment interaction, through the heritability estimates, showed larger effects on maternal, weight at 450 days of age and age at first calving, whereas the rank correlations showed strong evidence in almost all traits studied.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Periodontite em ovinos no estado do Pará: etiologia, aspectos epidemiologicos e clinico-patologicos
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-01-29) SILVA, Natália da Silva e; BARBOSA NETO, José Diomedes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1516707357889557
This paper describes the epidemiological, clinical, pathological and bacteriological the first periodontitis record in sheep in Brazil occurred in a rural property in the municipality of Benevides, Para. The outbreak occurred about a month after grazing in the area of Panicum maximum cv. Massai, which suffered agricultural practices, there was swelling in the jaw in a few animals, mostly those over the age of 36 months. The extraoral examination was performed in 545 sheep and there was swelling of the jaw in 3.7% of them. Clinical signs were low body score, rough hair coat and dull, some relaxation and loss of premolars and upper and lower molar teeth, abscess and fistula formation in the affected site, demonstration of pain on palpation and difficulty chewing. Between the 39 heads of young animals analyzed in the post-mortem examination, 51.3% had lesions somewhere and between the 38 analyzed after maceration, 73.7% also had injuries. 45% of the lesions from the 39 heads were in the maxilla, 15% in the mandible and 40% in both structures (maxilla and mandible) and from those heads with injuries observed after maceration 50% of the lesions were in the maxilla and 50% in the maxilla and mandible. Between the 17 heads of adult animals analyzed in the post-mortem examination and after maceration all had lesions somewhere. In the post-mortem examination, 11.8% had lesions in the mandible and 88.2% in both structures; after maceration, 5.9% were in the maxilla, 11.8% in the mandible and 82.3% in both structures. The histopathological findings revealed a chronic pyogranulomatous inflammatory process. To characterize the subgingival microbiota of the 14 sheep with periodontitis it was performed the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), especially for microorganisms belonging to the red complex Socransky (Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia and Treponema denticola) and other possible Gram-negative and Gram-positive periodontopathogens. There were identified in 50% of the samples Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia in 92.8% and Treponema denticola in 78.5%. The three periodontal pathogens belonging to the red complex occurred simultaneously in 42.8% of the samples. We also identified in at least one of the examined animals Campylobacter rectus, Eikenella corrodens, Enterococcus faecium, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Prevotella intermedia, Prevotella nigrescens, and Prevotella loeschii. In the 14 samples Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Dialister pneumosintes, Enterococcus faecalis and Porphyromonas gulae were not detected. The results showed that the sheep periodontitis occurred in the municipality of Benevides - PA has an infectious etiology and rushed a significant number of animals, many with bulging of the jaw; had high incidence in young and involved all of the adult animals post-mortem and after maceration examined.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Prospecção de biocida em plantas amazônicas e exóticas, visando seu uso racional
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2009-02-19) DANTAS, Eneida Pontes Mota; SOUZA FILHO, Antonio Pedro da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1691897760012496
The main method of controlling the cattle tick Boophilus microplus is the use of chemical acaricides during the parasite phase. However, the intense use of this method is causing economic damage and promoting the rapid selection of resistant ticks. Besides the risk of residues in milk, in meat and environmental contamination. Within this context, the use of herbal points out as an alternative to control the tick and can reduce the economic and environmental impacts of the use of synthetic chemicals. On this way, the purpose of this study was to evaluate "in vitro" the effect of essential oils of grass-salsa (Cymbopogon winteranius Jowitt) and priprioca (Cyperus articulatus L.), chemicals isolated substances from timbó (Derris nicou; Derris urucu): rotenone, rotenolone and degueline and Andiroba’s oil (Carapa guianensis Aublet.) and neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) in the control of ticks. The searches were conducted on the premises of the Animal Research Unit "Sen. Álvaro Adolpho, of "the Brazilian Enterprise for Agricultural Research - Embrapa Eastern Amazon, in the city of Belém, state of Pará, in the period from March to July of 2008. The engorged females of Boophilus microplus were collected manually, from naturally infected cattle on private property located within an hour of Belém. After collection, they were transported to the laboratory in plastic containers, marked, cleaned and aerated. In the laboratory, they were rinsed in running water, dried on absorbent paper and weighed on analytical balance (accuracy of 0.0001 g). The methodology used was the immersion of teleogines by time of five minutes. After soaking, the ticks were dried on absorbent paper, set in petri dishes and kept at room temperature for completion of the posture. Throughout the trial period the temperature and relative humidity was measured in the laboratory using a termohigrometer. The experimental design used was completely randomized. The percentage of mortality of engorged females of B. microplus, on 5 and 15, varied: 45% to 90%, 37% to 90% and 60 to 90%, 60% to 90% for grass-salsa and priprioca respectively. The results for the stance showed no statistical difference between the concentrations 2% and 10% on the control (water + ethanol). However, there was a difference in the concentration 50% for both grass-salsa as priprioca. For grass-salsa, this concentration was observed egg laying infertile. Regarding the percentage of efficiency of the product, the values obtained were: 100%; 95.63%, 98.77%, 100% and 99,30%, 96,97%, 99,85% and 100% to the effects of essential oil of salsa and grass-priprioca concentrations 2%, 5%, 10%, 50%, respectively. Mortality rates, on the 5th , ranged from 37% to 41%, 49% to 64% and 52% to 41% for rotenone, rotenolone and degueline from low to high concentration, respectively. All substances tested showed significantly higher mortality rate than those obtained by the control group (water + ethanol). The best results were posture of percentage of 49% and 26% for the rotenone degueline and 200ppm, respectively and 34% for rotenolone at 100ppm. The percentage of efficiency in tests with rotenone were 95.24% and 98.68% for rotenolone the order of 97.29%, 98.08%, 100% and degueline 95.45%, 98.23% and 100 %, from 100ppm, 200ppm and 300ppm, respectively. To andiroba and neem, the percentage of mortality was observed on 15 and has a natural behavior of the life cycle of ticks because there was no statistical difference between the control (water + ethanol) and treatments in different concentrations. To andiroba and neem the higher efficiency obtained was 98,01% and 100%, at concentration 50%, respectively.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Vitrificação de tecido ovariano de gata doméstica (Felis catus): um modelo para a preservação da fertilidade em felinos silvestres
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-09-06) BRITO, Danielle Cristina Calado de; SANTOS, Regiane Rodrigues dos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0500967766886604; PIECZARKA, Julio Cesar; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6644368250823351
The aim o the present thesis was to develop an efficient vitrification protocol of the ovarian tissue from domestic cat (Felis catus). This study was divided: Phase I: Effect of different basis media during the vitrification of cat ovarian tissue; Phase II: Effect of different sugars (extracellular cryoprotectants) and the vitrification technique for the vitrification of feline ovarian tissue. In phase I, the morphology of preantral follicles was similar (p > 0.05) to fresh control when RPMI-1640 was used as basis medium for vitrification. RPMI-1640 does not contain phenol red, which was found to enhance ethylene glycol (EG) toxicity during vitrification. In phase 2, the percentage of morphologically normal preantral follicles was similar (p > 0.05) to fresh control only when the vitrification medium contained 0.1 or 0.5 M trehalose, instead of sucrose or raffinose at same concentrations. Furthermore, based on parameters such as morphology, cell proliferation and thickness of collagen fibers, it is possibe to assume that efficient vitrification of feline ovarian tissue can be performed by combining trehalose with EG, with or without dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), applying the solid-surface vitrification (SSV) or ovarian tissue cryosystem (OTC) method. Although vitrification with OTC in the presence of EG did not differ from the other treatments, this protocol presented the highest percentages of preserved preantral follicles (56%), being similar to control (64%). Additionally, no effect on gene regulation was observed after vitrification when apoptosis markers (BAX – protein X associated to Bcl-2), endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress (ER protein 29 – ERP29), water channels proteins like aquaporins 3 and 9 (AQP3 and AQP9), the membrane ABC transporters ABCB1 and ABCG2, except when the SSV method was applied using only EG as cryoprotectant followed by seven days in vitro culture, where ERP29 up-regulation (ER stress) and AQP9 down-regulation (impaired water transport) were observed. Based on this, it can be concluded that to efficiently preserve feline ovarian tissue, is is necessary the use of a vitrification protocol free of phenol red, supplemented with trehalose, as extracellular cryoprotectant, and EG alone or in combination with DMSO, as intracellular cryoprotectants. Both open (SSV) and closed (OTC) systems are equaly efficient to maintain follicular survival during the vitrification procedure.