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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação do sistema digestório de juvenis de tambaqui Colossoma macropomum (Cuvier, 1818) alimentados com rações formuladas utilizando ingredientes regionais
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-04-02) SIZO, Fabricia de Jesus Paiva da Fosenca; FERREIRA, Maria Auxiliadora Pantoja; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1832728101486131; ROCHA, Rossineide Martins da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4371300451793081
The objective of this study was to evaluate the digestive system of juvenile tambaqui fed with an experimental diet containing 28% crude protein and 3000 Kcal/kg, with an inclusion of 20% of the following ingredients: palm kernel cake, tucuma pie and coconut bran. We used 300 juveniles tambaqui (16.0± 1.5 g), distributed in 12 recirculating tanks (250L) with continuous filtration and aeration of water. The experiment design was randomized and conducted with three replicates of four treatments identified as basal diet- T1, palm kernel-T2, tucumã- T3 and coconut-T4. After feeding for 60 days portions of the mid intestine and live were fixed in bouin and processed for optic microscopy. Morphometric of intestinal villi showed that diets, T1 and T4 interfered in the epithelial microvilli height. Hepatocytes showed differences between the diets T3, T2 and T1. Hepatic changes were significant in the tucumã diet. Leading to the conclusion that a diet based on palm kernel is the most suitable to feed juveniles tambaqui.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Consumo e digestibilidade de silagem de sorgo (Sorghum bicolor [L.] Moench) como alternativa para alimentação suplementar de ruminantes na Amazônia Oriental
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2006) SIMON, Jaime Édson; CAMARÃO, Ari Pinheiro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1649891765946593; LOURENÇO JÚNIOR, José de Brito; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2919433679918544
This work was realized through in the Embrapa Amazon Eastern, in Belem, Para State, Brazil (1º28´S 48º27´W de Greenwich) to evaluate the effect of four levels (0%, 15%, 30% and 45%) of concentrate, with by-products of the regional agroindustry, in substitution to the ensilage of sorghum, in the voluntary consumption and apparent digestibility of the dry matter, crude protein, crude energy, fiber in neutral detergent and fiber in acid detergent. A metabolic test was realized in fourteen days of adaptation and seven days of experimental period, using sixteen ovines, of five months and 23 kg of live weight, in a completely randomized experimental design, with four treatments and four repetitions. The data was analyze by software SAS. The concentrated inclusion of in the diet influenced the voluntary consumption and the apparent digestibility of all nutrients, being described for quadratic function. One evidenced a quadratic increase in the apparent consumption’s of the dry matter and organic matter. However, had been observed, with increase of the concentrated level of in the ration, significant reductions in contents of fiber in neutral detergent and fiber in acid detergent. The concentrated percentage of 30% to 45% of in the diet ration to better consumption’s and digestibility of the nutrients, except of fiber in neutral detergent and fiber in acid detergent. The concentrated use in the ensilage of sorghum, provides to better availability of dry matter in the fodder plant and rise of the nutritional value of the ration, is capable to promote increase of the animal productivity.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Determinação dos níveis de fósforo, cobre, cobalto e zinco em bubalinos criados nos municípios de Soure, Salvaterra, Breves e Cachoeira do Arari, na ilha de Marajó, estado do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010-05-31) PINHEIRO, Cleyton Prado; BARBOSA NETO, José Diomedes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1516707357889557
We studied 104 buffaloes, adults, without distinction of race and sex, reared extensively, without supplementation, in native pastures of low nutritional quality, in the municipalities of Breves, Cachoeira do Arari, Salvaterra and Soure, Marajo Island, Pará. Held collection of liver, bone and blood of 26 animals in the municipality of Salvaterra, 38 animals in the municipality of Soure, 20 animals in the municipality of Breves and 20 animals in the municipality of Cachoeira do Arari. Determination was performed to determine the levels of phosphorus in the blood serum and bone ash and specific gravity on bone and cobalt, copper and zinc in liver tissue. It was observed that the average phosphorus concentrations in blood serum (6.26 mg/dl) and bone (10.77 %), the percentage of ash (60.87 %) and specific gravity (1.59 g/ml) of bone were lower than the critical levels established for cattle, characterizing phosphorus deficiency. The average concentrations of copper (5.57 ppm) and zinc (27.05 ppm) was considered low when compared with reference values, characterizing disability for these elements. In the case of cobalt when considering the values detectable and undetectable by the methodology it was observed that 51.92% of the animals had levels below the reference, indicating the occurrence of cobalt deficiency in these animals. It is emphasized that the deficiencies of copper and zinc showed a more severe since all animals studied showed low levels of these elements.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Diagnóstico das deficiências de macro e micro minerais em búfalas (Bubalus bubalis) provenientes da Ilha de Marajó, Estado do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-06-30) OLIVEIRA, Carlos Magno Chaves; BARBOSA NETO, José Diomedes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1516707357889557
This study aimed to evaluate in buffaloes of the Marajó Island serum concentrations and phosphorus in bones, the percentage of ashes and the specific density of the bones, the levels of copper, cobalt, selenium, zinc and iron before and after selective mineral supplementation. For this study, 14 crossbred buffaloes of Murrah and Mediterranean aged between 18 and 36 months were used. The average values of phosphorus, before supplementation, were 5, 68 mg/dl ± 1.18 in serum and 16.53% ± 0.53 in the bones. The percentage of ashes in bones was 59.95% ± 1.96 and the specific bone density was 1,52 g/cm3 ± 0.32, which demonstrates a phosphorus deficiency in animals raised on the island of Marajó. The average copper values were 7.75 ± 1.73 ppm, the cobalt ± 0.17 0.40 ppm, the zinc of 88.01 ± 35.03 ppm, the 0.22 ppm selenium and iron ± 0.12 1395.72 ± 764.74 ppm. These results indicate a deficiency of copper, zinc and selenium, cobalt and appropriate values of excess iron in the liver. After supplementation for a period of seven months the phosphorus values were 6.61 mg / dl in serum ± 0.87 and 16.90 ± 0.56% in the bones. The percentage of ash was 60.30% ± 0.95 and the specific bone density was 1.71 g/cm3 ± 0.21. These values characterize a significant increase in the concentrations of P in blood serum, in the percentage of P in the ashes and on specific bone density (P < 0.05), however there wasn't a significant increase in the percentage of ash. The average increase in the values of P in the bones and the ashes did not reach heights of normality, however 28.6% of the animals had normal serum P values, 50% had normal values of P in the ashes and 64.3% of the animals had specific normal bone density. There was no response to supplementation in relation to the percentage of ash. Regarding micro minerals, after supplementation values were 205.41 ± 80.54 ppm for copper, 0.40 ± 0.22 ppm for cobalt, 75.71 ± 11.74 ppm for zinc, 1.30 ppm ± 1.34 for selenium and 826.48 ± 394.76 ppm for iron, which shows a significant increase (P <0.05) concentrations of copper and selenium and a significant decrease in the amounts of iron (P <0, 05). There was no response to supplementation in relation to the percentage of ashes. Regarding micro minerals, after supplementation values were 205.41 ± 80.54 ppm for copper, 0.40 ± 0.22 ppm for cobalt, 75.71 ± 11.74 ppm for zinc, 1.30 ppm ± 1.34 for selenium and 826.48 ± 394.76 ppm for iron, which shows a significant increase (P <0.05) concentrations of copper and selenium and a significant decrease in the amounts of iron (P <0, 05). There was no recovery of zinc and cobalt concentrations which remained within the normal range. Failure to increased concentrations of zinc in the liver after supplementation may have occurred because of the high concentrations of calcium in Brachiaria brizantha cv Marandu used in animal nutrition.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Efeito da utilização do óleo de dendê na dieta sobre a qualidade do sêmen in natura de búfalos (Bubalus bubalis) criados em Belém, Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-08-23) SILVA, Geanne Rocha da; FATURI, Cristian; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8389692203753236; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2919433679918544; LOURENÇO JÚNIOR, José de Brito; GARCIA, Alexandre Rossetto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2678267039338224
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of incorporation of palm oil on serum lipid levels and sperm quality of buffalo bulls, since research about palm oil seed for reproductive purposes are scarce. The study was conducted at Embrapa Eastern Amazon, and used 12 pre-selected buffalo bulls, with a mean age of 3.47 ± 0.92 years and weight of 456.8 ± 50.4 kg. The bulls were fed and divided into two groups according to diet received. Diets were isoproteic (cracked corn, wheat bran and corn silage; proportion roughage / concentrate 50%) and were offered in collective pens. Animals of CONT Group (n = 5) received a control diet and OIL Group (n = 7) received the same diet with addition of 2% of palm oil on the DM. Analyses were performed using chemical and fatty acid profile of foods. Serum lipid profile, physical and morphological features of raw semen were investigated, including the relations between them. Statistical analysis included analysis of variance (ANOVA), comparison of means by Tukey test and Pearson correlations (P <0.05). Increased lipid consumption was noted related to saturated fat acids (71.23%) and unsaturated fat acids (55.40%) in OIL Group. Significant effects for serum parameters were observed for triglycerides, cholesterol, HDL and total lipids, with higher values for the OIL Group, and significant effects over time for cholesterol, LDL, VLDL and total lipids (P <0.05). Regarding to semen parameters, there was a significant reduction in gross motility and integrity of plasmatic membrane, and reduced seminal concentration on the period for the OIL Group. There was significant correlation between the variables: triglycerides and minor defects (r = -0412, P = 0.006), LDL and total defects (r = -0.333, P = 0.030), VLDL and viability (r = 0.381, P = 0.012), total lipids and minor defects (r = -0366, P = 0.017), and total lipids and total defects (r = -0.309, P = 0.046). Although an observed relationship between higher levels of serum lipids and better sperm morphology, and no reduction of fresh semen quality by palm oil addition below the physiological levels, the use of 2% of palm oil in the diet did not improve effectively the parameters related to semen quality and bulls fertility.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Efeito do tamanho de partícula do volumoso e da freqüência de alimentação sobre o consumo e a digestibilidade em ovinos
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-03) GOMES, Silas Primola; BORGES, Ana Luisa Costa Cruz; BORGES, Iran; MACEDO JUNIOR, Gilberto de Lima; SILVA, André Guimarães Maciel e; PANCOTI, Carlos Giovani
Intake, apparent digestibility and ingestive behavior were studied in sheep fed four particle size of forage in two daily frequencies. Twentyfour sheep with live weight of 37.0kg were studied in a completely randomized design in factorial 2x4 scheme (two feeding frequency and 4 particle sizes) totaling six animals per treatment. Tifton-85 hay and a commercial concentrate were used with a ratio of 25:75%, respectively. The responses of intake and apparent digestibility were not modified with the treatments. Dry matter intake (DMI) was 97.43g/day/kgW0.75 and DMDA was 66.12%. The intake of neutral detergent fiber was 47.2g/day/kgW0.75. Smaller particle size (2mm) had lower times of rumination (214.58minutes/day) and chewing activity (360.41minutes/day). Animals spent 423.48minutes/day/kg of intake of neutral detergent fiber in rumination and 676.19 minutes/day/kg of intake of neutral detergent fiber in chewing activity. The times spent with rumination and the total chewing activity in sheep decreased as the particle size of the forage was reduced. The particle size of the forage and frequency of feeding did not affect the intake and apparent digestibility in sheep.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Efeitos da utilização de inoculantes microbianos em silagem de capim elefante com ou sem o uso de melaço
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-02-06) SILVA, Jefferson Salvador Lima Padilha da; SILVA, Almir Vieira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9485881672181545; BERNARDES, Thiago Fernandes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9614321233731548
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Efeitos de dietas suplementadas com vitamina e sobre o crescimento, eficiência alimentar e parâmetros hematológicos e fisiológicos do tambaqui Colossoma macropomum (CUVIER, 1818)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016) ALVES, Adriana Xavier; SILVA, Evaldo Martins da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6649371901290988; VERAS, Galileu Crovatto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4497651649653210
The vitamin E inclusion in fish food is related to improvements in in growth performance and nonspecific immune response for different species. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of different vitamin E levels (DL acetate-α-tocopherol, 50% active) on productive performance, hematological variables, hematometric index and physiological parameters of tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) fingerlings. A total of 150 fishes with an average weight of 2.94 ± 0.14 g and initial average standard length of 4.29 ± 0.07 cm were distributed in aquariums (300 L) in water recirculation system, temperature of 27.13 ± 0.45 ºC, pH 7.16 ± 0.45, dissolved oxygen 7.15 ± 0.88 mg L-1, electronical conductivity 0.142 ± 0.05 (μs cm-1); ammonia 0.00 ± 0.00 (ppm) and nitrite 0.19 ± 0.25 mg L-1. The stocking density was 10 fishes per experimental unity. The inclusion levels of α-tocopherol in the diet were 0, 250, 700 and 1,000 mg kg-1. Thus, was used a completely randomized design with five treatments and three repetitions, where the fishes were fed three times a day during 90 days. The results indicate that the different vitamin E levels did not affect the productive performance of tambaqui fingerlings. However, the inclusion of 1,000 mg kg-1 of α-tocopherol reduced (P<0.05) the glucose amount in comparison to the supplemented treatments with 0 and with 250 mg kg-1. The hematocrit, total protein, erythrocytes number and hematometric index of tambaqui fingerlings were not affected (P>0.05) by α-tocopherol supplementation. In differential leukocyte count, there was no significant difference of lymphocyte number, monocytes and basophiles. However, the neutrophil number was greater in the control treatment (P>0.05), while eosinophil and specials granulocytic cells were better than control treatment (P<0.05), while the eosinophils number was special granulocytic cells was higher than treatments with 700 mg kg-1 and 250 mg kg-1 of α-tocopherol, respectively. Although vitamin E supplementation in the diet did not influence the productive performance of tambaqui fingerlings, the fishes fed diet nonsupplemented showed increased of neutrophils number, demonstrating greater susceptibility of these fishes to inflammation process.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Emulsificante em dietas para frangos de corte com diferentes fontes lipídicas
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-11-04) TAVARES, Fernando Barbosa; LIMA, Kedson Raul de Souza; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7607189403583641; FATURI, Cristian; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8389692203753236
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of diets containing different lipid source and the inclusion of an emulsifier (soy lecithin and polyethylene glycol ricinoleate) for broilers. Article I aimed to evaluate the influence of different fat sources in the metabolization of nutrients and serum broiler profiles, with the addition of emulsifier. 336 chicks were used in a 4x2 factorial arrangement, with eight replications and four lipid sources (soybean oil, Poultry Oil, Fish Oil and Tallow Beef) and 2 types of inclusions (not including the product and 5 g / kg emulsifier). Proceeded metabolic tests by the total collection method. The data were subjected to analysis of variance in SAS and the means were compared by Tukey test, the significance of P <0.05. No difference was observed for feed intake, metabolization coefficient of dry matter and crude protein. The coefficient of metabolizable ether extract (CMEE) was lower in the diets of fat (P <0.001). The lipid source modifies the metabolization of diets. The emulsifier, the tested values, does not modify the metabolization of ingredients and does not modify the HDL serum parameters, LDL, Cholesterol and Triacilglerol. For Article II aimed to test how the addition of emulsifier can alter the performance parameters, metabolization, carcass composition and economic viability for broiler diets with poultry oil and beef tallow. Diets with poultry oil (OA) or tallow (SB), in treatments to control (CON), other diets with reduction of 0.83 MJ / kg of metabolizable energy (RED) and diets with reduced MS and inclusion of 0, 1% inclusion of emulsifier (Emul). Diets with poultry oil performed better on average weight and feed intake, resulting in a reduction in the amount of crude protein in the carcass of 58.3% to 56.1% in diets with SB and OA respectively. The results indicated that the emulsifier reduced metabolization of ether extract, but increased the EMA in the diet with beef tallow in 0.93 MJ / kg. The emulsifier added in the form proposed only increased the cost of diet without significant result on performance, metabolism and body composition of broilers.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estudo das deficiências minerais em vacas em lactação da bacia leiteira do município de Rondon do Pará, estado do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-12-10) BOMJARDIM, Henrique dos Anjos; BARBOSA NETO, José Diomedes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1516707357889557
We conducted a study of mineral deficiencies in lactating cows from dairy herds belonging to 13 properties of the milk basin of Rondon do Pará, in the state of Pará. We determined the levels of phosphorus (P), specific gravity and percentage of ash in the bone and levels of copper (Cu), cobalt (Co), selenium (Se), zinc (Zn), iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) in the liver of 47 dairy cows in lactation 2. These samples were collected by means of biopsies performed in the top third of the 12th rib on the right side and the caudal edge of the caudate lobe of the liver, respectively. The herds were composed of crossbred (Holstein x Zebu), kept in extensive production system on Brachiaria brizantha cv Marandu and received mineral supplementation. The mineral mixture in 12 properties were commercial type, called "full" and the owners added a quantity of salt above the manufacturer's recommendations in ten properties. In addition, the mineral mixtures were provided in troughs without covering in seven properties and in other eight, the providing of the mineral mix was not performed daily. In 11 properties there were clinical histories consistent with mineral deficiencies in livestock and placenta retention and osteophagia were the most frequently reported ones. The results of chemical analysis showed deficiency in P in five properties, in Co in two properties, in Se in eight properties, in Zn in eight properties. It is concluded that the deficiency of P, Se and Zn occurs in a greater proportion and the deficiency of Co occurs in a lesser proportion and the mineral supplementation performed in the properties do not supply the daily demands of P, Se and Co, based on the estimated daily consumption of 30 g of NaCl per animal and the troughs little adequate or inadequate for proper supplementation, as well as inconstant supply of mineral mixtures contribute to the deficiency of one or more minerals.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Métodos e tempo de armazenamento sobre as características das plantas de cana de açúcar para alimentação animal
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-05-20) FONSECA, Felipe Tameirão; DOMINGUES, Felipe Nogueira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1461187309835749; BERNARDES, Thiago Fernandes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9614321233731548
This study determined the effects of methods and storage periods on characteristics of sugarcane for feeding ruminants. Two experiments were carried out to test plants of sugarcane with or without leaves (only stalks) during six storage times (0, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 days). A split-plot design was used. Treatments and time were considered main and sub-plot, respectively. The chemical, microbiological and physical characteristics were determined. Removal of leaves decreased dry matter, fibre (NDF) and dry matter losses (DML) for both experiments. The times influenced carbon balance (fluxes of photosynthesis and respiration), increasing respiration on second day of storage. The DML were also influenced by times, especially when leaves were removed. Overall, sugarcane plants can be storage at shed to avoid daily harvest. Storing only stalks is the best method. Stalks can be stored for a period of six days.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Nutrição de operárias de uruçu-amarela, Melipona flavolineata Friese, 1900 (Apidae: Meliponina)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2008-02-27) COSTA, Luciano; VENTURIERI, Giorgio Cristino; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7180149611727426
Stingless beekeeping is an old practice in the Americas. However, the activity is still undeveloped, requiring management techniques improvements. This study evaluated nutritional alternatives for the Amazonian stingless bee Melipona flavolineata, looking for a food replacement for honey and fermented pollen. The following food replacement were compared to honey (T1): inverted sugar syrup with minerals (T2), inverted sugar syrup with amino acids and vitamins in the following concentrations: 0.5% (T3), 1.0% (T4) and 10% (T5). It was compared to fermented pollen (T1), fermented foods with inoculum of fermented pollen of M. flavolineata consisting of: commercial pollen of A. mellifera (T2); brewers yeast (T3), and soybean extract in two different concentrations of proteins (T4, 12%; and T5, 18%). The nutritional value of the diet was based on the daily intake, on the weight of workers, on the size of hypopharyngeal glands acini and on the size of oocytes. The cost of the ingredients of the diets was also evaluated. The results showed that among the alternatives to honey, there were no significant differences between the control and all treatments. Differences were found only between the sizes of acini of workers that were fed by treatments 2 and 4, in which treatment 4 was superior. The costs of ingredients indicated the treatment 2 as cheaper than the others. Among the alternatives to the fermented pollen, larger differences were found. Consumption of treatment 4 was significantly higher than treatment 3, indicating a greater acceptance of soybean extract in relation to yeast. For other parameters evaluated, treatment 5 was superior to all others and its cost was much lower than the T2 and similar to T3 and T4. We concluded that the best alternative for the nutrition of M. flavolineata are the sugar inverted syrup with minerals, and semi-artificial fermented pollen based in soybean extract (T5, 18% proteins). Newly formed colonies, having 500-600 bees, must receive 10 to 20 ml of syrup and 25 g of semi-artificial fermented pollen weekly.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Perfil da nutrição mineral dos rebanhos leiteiros, na microrregião de Castanhal e no município de Uruará, Estado do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2002-12-10) MANESCHY, Rosana Quaresma; CARDOSO, Elyzabeth da Cruz; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8805703740727765
This study is part of a research project entitled “Sustentability of milk cattle production into the agriculture family systems in the Amazon eastern region” developed by Embrapa with objective to evaluate problems envolving small and medium farms in the micro-region of Castanhal (local 1) and in the county of Uruará (local 2), State of Para, Brazil. The objectives of this research were define the features and effected the mineral supplementation, analyze the mineral content of forage (Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu) planted in two different regions during the dry and rainy season of the year and identified the practical factors of restriction of mineral nutrition management used by farmers. There were developed two studies, in the first were study the localities using the questionnaire/interview methodology when defined the features that define the mineral supplementation used in the both locals. The dates gotten by questionnaire/interview permited obtain twenty-two important variables that were grouped in four main groups to characterize the practical management of mineral supplementation used in the two different locals. There was used descriptive statistic and the Qui-square test at 5% of probability for determination of the degree of significance when the different locals variables were compared. In the second study the pastures (Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu) in two locals samples of forage were harvested in two different periods of the year, end of dry season (November of 1998) and end of rainy season (June of 1999) with objective to analyses the calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), magnesium (Mg), sodium (Na), potassium (K), cupper (Cu), zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), manganese (Mg) and cobalt (Co). A casual randomized design was used to compare the regions (local 1 and local 2) and for seasons (dry and rainy) was used a sub-plots design. The variance analyses was carried by the method of minimum square and the test of Fisher (F) was used to obtain the significance considering 5% as probability of effect. The Tukey’s test was used to compared the medium values. That was observed for both properties a high cost of mineral mixture used by farmers and this means an important significance in the economic costs for cows during the lactation period. In the local 1, Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu did not attempt the P, Na, Cu and Zn requirements for dairy cows during the lactation period and this is an indicative to procedure the mineral supplementation in a mineral feeder. The milk production is important for the economy of this region and farmers have problems to understand how in important supply different mineral mixtures for animals in different stages of production. Particularly in this micro-region was observed low concentration of P in the forage during the rainy season and this observation disagree from the other experiments concluded in this region, and can be an important problem during this period when the forage is more available and the level of protein and energy in the animal diet is high than an more intensive P imbalance can be present and this evidence is one more important feature responsible for low productivity of livestock. In the local 2, Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu did not attempt the P, Na and Cu requirements proposed by NRC (1996) for beef cattle, cows during the lactation period what indicated the importance to procedure the mineral supplementation in a mineral feeder. In this region was observed a low intake of mineral supplement and the condition of mineral feeder was neglected. The location of mineral feeder inside the enclosure, the limitation of animal access permited only during the milking activities were problems that indicated the reason to low intake of mineral supplement by cows. It was indicated a change of this management for one system that provide the mineral supplementation as the cows requirement. The main anormality frequency observed was abnormal appetite that was characterized when another problems were related which ould be characterized in reproduction problems, loss of appetite, bone abnormalities, and low body weight of the animals. These problems were more intensive when clinical deficiency of P and Cu were suggested.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Production and chemical composition of three sugarcane cultivars grown under Af climate conditions
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-11) MIRANDA, Augusto Sousa; DOMINGUES, Felipe Nogueira; GODOY, Bruno Spacek; OAIGEN, Ricardo Pedroso; RÊGO, Aníbal Coutinho do; FATURI, Cristian; CORRÊA, Renato Pinto; SILVA, Flavio da
The objective of this study was to evaluate the chemical composition and yield of three sugarcane cultivars grown under Af climate conditions. Three sugarcane cultivars were examined, namely, IACSP93-6006, RB83-5486, and SP79-1011, in a randomized block design with three treatments, four blocks, and two replicates per block; means were compared using Tukey’s test at 5% probability level. Significant differences were observed for dry matter, ether extract, crude protein, acid detergent fiber, lignin (LIG), cellulose, neutral detergent fiber corrected for ash and protein (NDFap), total carbohydrates, carbohydrate fractions B2 and C, and dry matter yield. The fiber components (NDFap, LIG, and fraction C) displayed low values. The cultivars produced high dry matter yields, especially IACSP93-6006 and SP79-1011. There were no differences among sucrose (Pol) values and the NDF/Pol ratios. The low Pol values indicate that sugarcane grown under Af climate conditions does not produce high levels of sucrose. The three sugarcane cultivars grown under the Af climate conditions produce high yields of DM/ha but low concentrations of the fiber components, as well as low Pol concentrations.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Valor nutritivo de Cratylia argentea para suplementação de ruminantes na Amazônia
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2007) SANTOS, Núbia de Fátima Alves dos; CAMARÃO, Ari Pinheiro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1649891765946593; LOURENÇO JÚNIOR, José de Brito; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2919433679918544
The study was carried out at the Embrapa Eastern Amazon, in Belem, Para State, Brazil (1º28'S 48º27'W of Greenwich), with the objective of evaluate the influence of the addition of the Cratylia argentea as alternative feed supplementation of ruminants, in the critical periods of forage production of in the Eastern Amazon. The nutritional characteristics of the leguminous was determined during twenty one days, using sixteen sheep, in individual metabolic cage, distributed in a completely randomized experimental design, with four treatments and four replications. The experimental rations (T1, T2, T3 and T4) contained Brachiaria humidicola and crescent levels of 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%, of inclusion of Cratylia argentea. The consumption of dry matter (g/day) and live weight percent were 656.47 and 1.76; 743.50 and 1.96; 714.92 and 1.89; and 480.52 and 1.31, of organic matter 619.64; 715.85; 665.36 and 535.85 g/day, and of crude protein 68.01; 108.29; 187.67 and 170.61 g/day. The fiber in neutral detergent consumption in g/day, were 567.44; 536.70; 486.51 and 382.25 g/day. The coefficients of digestibility were 37.87; 24.01; 21.93 and 34.36%, in dry matter basis, and 42.66; 31.54; 27.02 and 36.05%, in organic matter basis, and the crude protein contents were 56.04; 56.64; 68.66 and 71.44%, in 25%, 50%, 75% e 100% on inclusion of Cratylia argentea, respectively. The Cratylia argentea constitute alimentary alternative during the low rainy, with medium digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, crude protein and fibrous fractions, same in blooming, thus presented medium consumption due the tannins. At the level of 50%, possibility greater consumption of dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, grow energy and fibrous fractions.