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Caracterização química, avaliação da toxicidade oral aguda e da atividade antinociceptiva do extrato metanólico das folhas de Montrichardia linifera (Arruda) Schott
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-08) COSTA, Wellington Junior Taisho Nagahama; AMARANTE, Cristine Bastos do; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4101983776191966; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8602-8180; BASTOS, Gilmara de Nazareth Tavares; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2487879058181806
Background: Montrichardia linifera (Arruda) Schott is popularly known as “aninga”, “aningaçu”, “aningaíba” and “aninga-do-igapó”. The compresses and plasters from the leaves of the medicinal plant are used to treat abscesses, tumors and pain caused by stingray stings. Aim of the study: The study aimed to investigate the antinociceptive potential of the methanolic extract of Montrichardia linifera leaves (MEMLL), as well as carry out chemical characterization and acute oral toxicity. Materials and methods: The leaves were collected during the rainy season and the methanolic extract was obtained after gradient extraction in different solvents. The MEMLL was analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR). The evaluation of the acute oral toxicity test was used to observe the presence of toxic substances. Subsequently, acetic acid, hot plate and formalin tests were used to evaluate the analgesic effects. Results: The HPLC fingerprint analysis allowed the identification of rutin, quercetin and epicatechin. The analysis of NMR spectra identified rutin and quercetin, as well as the flavonoids luteolin and chrysoeriol. The MEMLL did not demonstrate effects considered toxic. In the acetic acid test, the MEMLL inhibited peripheral pain by 51.46% (p < 0.05) at a dose of 50 mg/kg and 75.08% (p < 0.001) at a dose of 100 mg/kg. The hot plate test evaluated the latency time of animals, demonstrating central activity at 30 and 60 min increasing by 164.43% (p < 0.01) and 122.95% (p < 0.05) at a dose of 50 mg /kg and 162.62% (p < 0.01) and 136.68% (p < 0.05) at a dose of 100 mg/kg. The formalin test evaluated the central and peripheral antinociceptive effect of the MEMLL. In the neurogenic phase, a reduction of 35.25% (p < 0.05) at a dose of 50 mg/kg and 52.30% (p < 0.01) at a dose of 100 mg/kg. In inflammatory pain, a reduction of 66.39% (p < 0.0001) and 72.15% (p < 0.0001) was observed. Conclusion: The antinociceptive activity supports its ethnopharmacological use. This analgesic effect is probably associated with the identified flavonoids, all of which have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive properties. Furthermore, the MEMLL was non-toxic.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Composição química e efeitos antinociceptivo e antiinflamatório em roedores do óleo essencial de Peperomia serpens (Sw) Loud
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-06-20) PINHEIRO, Bruno Gonçalves; MAIA, José Guilherme Soares; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1034534634988402; SOUSA, Pergentino José da Cunha; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9909053957915090
The Peperomia serpens (Piperaceae), popularly known as “carrapatinho”, is an epiphyte and herbaceous liana grown wild on different host trees in the Amazon rainforest. Its leaves are largely used in Brazilian folk medicine to treat inflammation, pain and asthma. This study investigated the effects of essential oil of P. serpens (EOPs) in standard rodent models of pain and inflammation. The antinociceptive activity was evaluated using chemical (acetic acid and formalin) and thermal (hot plate) models of nociception in mice whereas the anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by carrageenan (Cg) - and dextraninduced paw edema tests in rats croton oil-induced ear edema, as well as cell migration, rolling and adhesion induced by Cg in mice. Additionally, phytochemical analysis of the EOPs has been also performed. Chemical composition of the EOPs was analyzed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Twenty five compounds, representing 89.6% of total oil, were identified. (E)-Nerolidol (38.0%), ledol (27.1%), α-humulene (11.5%), (E)- caryophyllene (4.0%) and α-eudesmol (2.7%) were found to be the major constituents of the oil. Oral pretreatment with EOPs (62.5-500 mg/kg) significantly reduced the writhing number, with an ED50 value of 188.8 mg/kg that was used thereafter in all tests. EOPs had no significant effect on hot plate test but reduced the licking time in both phases of the formalin test, an effect that was not significantly altered by naloxone (0.4 mg/kg, s.c.). EOPs inhibited the edema formation induced by Cg and dextran in rats. In mice, EOPs inhibited the edema formation by croton oil as well as the leukocyte and neutrophil migration, the rolling and the adhesion of leukocytes. These data show for the first time that EOPs has a peripheral antinociceptive effect that seems unrelated to interaction with the opioid system and a significant anti-inflammatory effect in acute inflammation models.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estudos farmacognósticos, fitoquímicos e biológicos de Annona glabra L. (Annonaceae)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-05-12) BRÍGIDO, Heliton Patrick Cordovil; MARINHO, Moacir do Rosario Marinho; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2511998363000599; DOLABELA, Maria Fâni; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0458080121943649
In this study, the Annona glabra underwent pharmacognostic, phytochemicals and biological studies (leishmanicide and antimicrobial activity). In pharmacognostic studies, we used the methods described in Brazilian Pharmacopoeia V ed. (2010). The ethanolic extract (EE) was obtained by maceration of the powder batch of shells with ethanol. The extract was fractionated by liquid-liquid partition with hexane and 10% aqueous methanol resulting in hexane (HF), and methanol (MF) fractions. The MF was submitted to Sephadex column. This procedure resulted in 46 fractions that were analyzed in thin layer chromatography and revealed with sulfuric acid, Dragendorff, and ultraviolet (360 nm) being assembled into 5 groups according to their chromatographic profiles. Group 3 was purified by column chromatography on a preparative scale yielding the G3-1 sample. EE, MF, HF, Group 2 and G3-1 were analyzed by HPLC-DAD. The G3-1 sample was analysed by mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). To evaluate the antimicrobial activity, methods of agar diffusion (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and microdilution (MIC) were used. The EE and its fractions were subjected to leishmanicide activity test (Leishmania amazonensis). The powder was classified as coarse and low-density, with ash and moisture contents within the parameters established by the Brazilian Pharmacopoeia. In HPLC-DAD, the main peaks of EE and its fractions were presented in UV absorption spectrum of 240 nm to 280 nm, and 300 nm to 400 nm suggestive respectively Band II (Ring A), and band I (ring B ) of flavonoid. The G3-1 chemical structure was identified as flavonoid rutin. In the agar diffusion test, we observed the formation of halos in EE and MF only in Staphylococcus aureus plates. In the microdilution assay, the EE and FM showed MIC> 1000 mg / mL, considered inactive. In antileishman test, the EE showed IC50> 200 / ml. The MF and HF also showed IC50> 200 / ml; however, they inhibited the growth of promastigotes respectively in 20% and 33.7%. The subtractions and G3-1 Group 2 showed IC50> 200 / ml, but the concentration of 200 / ml inhibited the parasite growth by approximately 45%. The EE, fractions, and subfractions were inactive against L. amazonensis amastigotes. However, the HF concentrations of 250 and 125 g / ml inhibited infection in 39.1% and 18.7%. In short, EE and its fractions were shown to be inactive in the antimicrobial and leishmanicide trials, but fractionation contributed to increase activity suggesting that active substances must be at low levels in extract and its fractions.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Fitoterapia popular: uma abordagem sobre a etnotoxicologia das práticas fitoterápicas no distrito de Marudá – Marapanim/Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-11-25) OLIVEIRA, Nayana Véras Jardim de; BARBOSA, Wagner Luiz Ramos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1372405563294070
The dissertation propose the expansion of the existent theoretical outline about the medicinal plants amid the Amazon regional context, from the social actors’ perception related to the phytotherapy practice in the studied area, Marudá’s District (Marapanim – Pará). Specifically, it discusses the proposal of a new approach, the ethnotoxicology, for the capture and evaluation of data related to the undesired effects attributed to the use of the phytotherapic. The specific goals were: to raise ethnotoxicological data related to phytoterapy’s practice, to systematize the information related to medicinal plants, which were mentioned by the interviewed groups, to describe the security profile for the phytotherapy that is practiced in Marudá from the Ethnotoxicology and to elaborate a VadeMecum to the referred medicinal plants, in conjunction with previous academic productions. The information was collected from field interviews made with a group of 10 people shared three groups: local nurses, herb women from the group Life’s Herb and local users and tourists. In this work, the guiding proposal points a real analysis, by a relatively new side, which interlines the data collect in the phytotherapy practitioner’s perception, taking in consideration the reality in which each individual is inserted. The dissertation emerges the interviewed group perception about the associated risks to the indiscriminated phytotherapy practice, in order to contribute to the expansion of the theoretical outline related to the theme, consolidation of a safe praxis and action’s effectuation, within the public politics of health attention, with respect to the use of plants as a therapeutic resource; therefore promoting the safe phytotherapy development not only in Marudá’s area, but also in other communities that develop similar activities.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Triagem de cinco espécies de plantas medicinais usadas na Amazônia através da análise de secreção de histamina
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-12-20) OLIVEIRA, Déborah Mara Costa de; CRESPO LÓPEZ, Maria Elena; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9900144256348265
The World Health Organization recommends the study and use of regional medicinal plants as a source of resources to reduce the costs of public health programs and increase the number of beneficiaries, especially in underdeveloped and developing countries. In the Amazon, the practice of herbal medicine is now an integral part of traditional culture, but on many occasions there is a profound lack of scientific knowledge about the effect of these plants. Therefore it is essential to study the scientific basis or not the indication of these plants for treating or preventing diseases. In this context, allergic diseases are the second leading complication that significantly affects the quality of life. In allergies, mast cells are key effector cells participating through the release of several pro- inflammatory mediators, including histamine. The stabilization of mast cells and thus inhibiting histamine release would be a key factor in the prevention and / or control of allergies. Thus the aim of this study was to evaluate the antiallergic potential of 5 or adapted species from the Amazon Connarus perrottetii var.angustifolius (Radlk) (barbatimão do pará), Fridericia chica (Bonpl.) LG Lohmann (pariri), Luehea speciosa Willd (açoita cavalo), Morinda citrifolia Linn (noni ) and Mansoa alliacea (Lam.) AH Gentry (cipó de alho) through the analysis of histamine secretion. Phytochemical screening of the ethanolic crude extracts to 70 % of each plant (fruit, leaves and / or bark) was performed and evaluated the release of histamine from peritoneal mast cells of rat incubated in vitro with different concentrations of the extracts and / or secretory agents (compound 48 /80 and A23187 ionophore). The present study demonstrates for the first time the inhibitory action of these five medicinal plants on the release of histamine. Among these 5 plants, the extract that showed a more potent effect was peeling Connarus perrottetii var. angustifolius ( Radlk ). Further study of this extract showed a low acute toxicity and lack of genotoxicity, which would support its use as a medicinal plant. The aqueous hexane and ethyl acetate fractions of this extract also showed potent inhibitory effect on histamine release induced. The phytochemical analysis by thin layer chromatography revealed the presence of tannins, catechins and flavonoids that could be responsible for these potent effects Through our results, new scientific bases are formed to elucidate the ethnopharmacological information on herbs traditionally used in the Amazon region. Thus, the possibility of investigating alternative therapies with these extracts against allergic affections or conditions in which the secretion of mast cells is relevant, may especially favor the low-income populations and living in areas with limited access to health centers, as often occurs in the Amazon, but otherwise has direct access to medicinal plants.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Uso de plantas medicinais no município de Benevides/Pará: elaboração do memento fitoterápico e construção da política municipal de plantas medicinais e fitoterápicos
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-03-25) SOUZA, Antonio Jorge Ataide; BARBOSA, Wagner Luiz Ramos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1372405563294070
The use of medicinal plants in the district of Benevides: Elaboration of the phytotherapeutical compendium and Introduction of the Politics of Medicinal Plants in the district of Benevides are a research, developed with the objective of lifting the vegetable species used by users of SUS and health's professionals, integrated in the health strategy of the district's family of Benevides, with views to the elaboration of the phytotherapeutical compendium of the district, as first step the institution of the district was used developed by Ethnopharmacy, with application of the Politics of medicinal plants. For the rising of the die, the meth form Ethnopharmaceutical to the users of SUS and health of professionals, that it all owed quantitative and qualitative analysis of the die. The results indicated that the use of medicinal plants for the population interviewee is an intense practice and it is due to the fact of the access difficulty to the synthetic drug prescribed in the U nidades Saúde da Famíla (USF) of the district for the users and the low pattern of income of the interviewed families. With relationship to the health's professionals the results indicated, sensibility of the same ones to the theme and disposition for pres cription, since it has available training, clinical protocol and medicinal plants in USF. For composition of the phytotherapeutical compendium, were selected, the Chenopodum ambrosioides, Linn (mastruz); Eleutherine plicata, Herb (marupazinho); Mentha pule gium, Linn. (hortelãzinho); Coleus amboinicus, Lour. (boldo) and Arrabidaea chica, Velrt. (parirí), according to the criteria of citation frequency, epidemic profile of the district, interest of Ministério da Saúde and easiness of propagation of the species.