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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Ação antimicrobiana do óleo essencial de Piper Aduncum e dilapiol em infecções de pele
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-06-25) FERREIRA, Roseane Guimarães; MAIA, José Guilherme Soares; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1034534634988402
Piper aduncum L. is a plant with several biological properties such as antimicrobial activity, which is mainly associated with the action of its essential oil rich in dilapiolle. In recent years, the occurrence of skin infections caused by bacteria and fungi increased considered shape. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of essential oil of P. aduncum (OEPA) and dilapiolle, its major constituent, against pathogenic skin micro-organisms and their attachments. The antimicrobial activity was performed using the microdilution method and Forming Units count Cologne (UFC) for determining the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), the Bactericidal Concentration Minimum (CBM) and Minimum Fungicidal Concentration (CFM). These plant compounds were tested against the filamentous fungi dermatophytes (FFD) and not dermatophyte (FFND), gram-positive bacteria and yeast. The results showed Trichophyton mentagrophytes front (ATCC and clinical isolate), MIC values of 500μg.mL-1 for OEPA and dilapiolle and CFM 1500 and 1000 µg.mL-1 , respectively. For clinical isolates of Trichophyton rubrum and Epidermophyton floccosum the MIC values of 500μg.mL-1 and CFM 1500μg.mL-1 , were similar for the two compounds as well as Microsporum canis and Microsporum gypseum with MIC values of 250μg.mL-1 and CFM 500μg.mL-1 . The Aspergillus fumigatus ATCC FFND showed an MIC of 3.9μg.mL-1 and 7.8 μg.mL-1 and the clinical isolate strain MIC of 3.9μg.mL-1 and CFM 15.6 μg.mL-1 for both. However showed no activity against Candida albicans and the yeast bacteria Staphylococcus aureus in the concentrations used.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Acompanhamento farmacoterapêutico de pacientes pediátricos submetidos à sedoanalgesia em um hospital de alta complexidade em Belém-Pa
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-12-06) ELMESCANY, Sâmella Benoliel; RIBEIRO, Carolina Heitmann Mares Azevedo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3848996822163999; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9457-2733; FONTES JÚNIOR, Enéas de Andrade; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7056265073849866; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6186-9581
Introduction: The Intensive Care Unit (ICU) is a hospitalization unit for critically ill patients, whomostly use sedatives and analgesics. Seeking tominimize undesirable events, clinical follow-up of patients, especially pediatric patients, is necessary. Objective: To propose an instrument for pharmacotherapeutic monitoring of patients undergoing sedoanalgesia in the pediatric ICU. Method: Retrospective study, with data collected from medical records of patients aged 0 to 14 years, admitted to the pediatric ICU during the study period, who used sedoanalgesics. Results and discussion: In 326 prescriptions in the 90-day period involving 96 children, the age group of07-09 years predominated, with 49.2% underweight and predominantly male. Among the drugs prescribed were antimicrobials, sedoanalgesics, antipyretics and proton pump inhibitors. The average length of hospital stay was 18.5 days and approximately 32.7% of the patients had Withdrawal Syndrome (AS), corroborating the literature, where it is postulated that the longer thetime of use of these drugs, the greater the risk of SA. In 25% of the patients, 42.5% used antidotesother than those recommended by the Pediatrics and Pediatric & Neonatal Dosage Handbook. Asa product, a Manual for the Use of Sedoanalgesics was prepared to guide the multidisciplinary team in the care of patients during therapy. Conclusion: The data from this research indicated anunderweight public, the occurrence of medication errors and withdrawal syndrome, among otherfactors that reinforce the need for the elaboration of an institutionalized protocol for the administration of sedoanalgesics, aiming to guarantee patient safety, prevent the occurrence of adverse events related to its use and direct the multidisciplinary team on the care to be adopted.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise da adesão medicamentosa de pacientes hansenianos em uma Unidade Básica de Saúde
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-06-16) PINHEIRO, Alcivaldo Mendes; MELLO, Amanda Gabryelle Nunes Cardoso; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8951750304102610; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7661-1615
Introduction: Leprosy is a chronic transmissible infectious disease that still persists as a public health problem in Brazil. However, through the analysis of polychemotherapy medication adherence, a better quality of life is sought for diagnosed leprosy patients, with the pharmacist playing an important role in promoting early diagnosis and rational use of medication. Objective: To analyze the therapeutic adherence of patients undergoing treatment for leprosy treated at a basic health unit in Belém. Methodology: It is a prospective observational study to characterize the sociodemographic profile of patients undergoing polychemotherapy drug treatment at the Basic Health Unit located in the Guamá neighborhood, in Belém do Pará. Results: The study had the participation of 75 patients, 60 were undergoing treatment and 15 had already been discharged, in which the latter were consulted only to assess the dermatological quality of life. For the demographic and economic survey of patients, those who did not have confirmed diagnoses or had not started treatment were excluded. Final considerations: The predominant age group was between 50 and 59 years old, approximately (11.25%), male (41.25%), self-declared black patients (18.75%), married (21, 0%), high school (15.75%) and who had a formal contract with an income of up to one minimum wage (11.25%). Most patients adhered positively to the treatment, and at the end of the research a Therapeutic Adherence Manual was prepared for the follow-up of patients with leprosy, aiming at updating pharmaceutical practices with an exclusive focus on the care of patients with leprosy.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise do remédio artesanal “tintura de pata-de-vaca” tendo a tintura de Bauhinia monandra Kurz como referência
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-03-17) SILVA, Ana Paula Paiva da; SILVA, Marcos Valério Santos da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0379783635000306; BARBOSA, Wagner Luiz Ramos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1372405563294070
Diabetes mellitus is one of the various pathologies can be controlled with the use of medicinal plants, which exhibit hypoglycemic activity through different mechanisms. In Marudá, Marapanim-PA, the Women's Group "Erva Vida", produces and markets the "Tintura de pata-de-vaca" consumed by tourists and locals to treat diabetes. This remedy is prepared from leaves of Bauhinia monandra Kurz (pata-de-vaca). Different metabolic classes of plant already had a proven hypoglycemic action, for example flavonoids. Thus, the aim of this study was to characterize the handmade medicine through pharmacobotanic parameters pharmacognostic, phytochemicals and chromatographic in compararação with a tincture of Bauhinia monandra, for the presence of flavonoids. Both the preliminary phytochemical analysis, and the analysis by Thin Layer Chromatography, phenolic metabolites detected, possibly flavonoids in handmade medicine and hydroethanolic extract of plant species. In the analysis by HPLC, it revealed the presence of rutin in handmade medicine as well as in hydroethanolic extract of Bauhinia monandra.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Aplicativo web para manejo de queixas clínicas relacionadas ao tratamento da tuberculose multidrogarresistente
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-08-16) SOUZA, Raquel Ribeiro de; ALBÉRIO, Carlos Augusto Abreu; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2335187399740995; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9364-3990
INTRODUCTION: Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease that remains a serious global public health problem, and lack of adherence to treatment contributes to the development of resistant strains. OBJECTIVE: To build a web application as a technology to assist in the management of adverse reactions related to the treatment of MDR TB in patients treated at the João de Barros Barreto University Hospital (HUJBB). METHODOLOGY: This is a cross sectional, observational, descriptive study on patients diagnosed with multidrug-resistant TB (MDR TB) in the intensive phase of treatment. In addition, methodological research into technological development was carried out, which consists of building a product that can be implemented in the care of patients with MDR TB. The web application was validated by health professionals who work at the MDR TB Outpatient Clinic and the HUJBB Outpatient Pharmacy using the form with responses on the Likert scale. RESULTS: In this study, 17 patients were evaluated, with a predominance of females (52.94%), between 50 and 59 years old (29.41%). Furthermore, regarding the lifestyle habits of the researched population, it was found that 7 claimed to be alcohol drinkers (33.33%), 5 smokers (23.81%) and 3 illicit drug users (14.29%). The most predominant clinical complaints were arthralgia, nausea, vomiting and anxiety. Regarding comorbidities, 60% reported having diabetic mellitus (DM), while the other items, such as systemic arterial hypertension (SAH), asthma, osteoporosis and neuropathy presented equal distribution with 10% each. Regarding laboratory tests, the hematimetric parameters of 47.06% of the patients presented anemia, while the biochemical parameters were observed values above the reference for: fasting glycemia, creatinine, TGO, TGP, alkaline phosphatase, GAMMA GT, amylase, lipase and in total bilirubin and fractions. Based on this information, a web application was built and, subsequently, the application was validated using a Likert scale with health professionals. Thus, a Global Content Validation Index (Global CVI) of 0.93 was obtained. To be considered valid, the Global CVI must present a value equal to or greater than 0.78. CONCLUSION: The application proved to be valid for use as a tool for managing complaints related to the treatment of MDR TB.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Assistência farmacêutica nos municípios da região de saúde do Xingu do estado do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-11-29) SILVA, Kleber Farias da; QUEIROZ, Luana Melo Diogo de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9775224837043003; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5036-5639; SOLER, Orenzio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4041958877867484; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2246-0019
Introduction: The institutionalization of pharmaceutical assistance is a social and politicaladministrative process, which is expressed in the creation and implementation of formal structures in the health system, in the organization of services, in structure and financing mechanisms, management tools, involvement in participation and social control and carrying out practices and activities inherent to pharmaceutical care as a component of comprehensive health care. Objective: Implement a Technical Chamber of Pharmaceutical Assistance in the context of the Transamazônica and Xingu Regional Intermanagement Council in the state of Pará. Methodology: This is an exploratory, retrospective, descriptive, analytical research; based on action research, triangulation of methods and knowledge translation. Results: The municipalities in the Xingu Health Region (10th Health Region in the state of Pará) still do not fully comply with the regulatory frameworks and guidelines that establish the institutionalization of Pharmaceutical Assistance. Approval of the creation of the Technical Commission for Pharmaceutical Assistance via the Regional Intermanager Council. Conclusion: The findings indicate the need to reorient the structure, organization, governance, planning and management of pharmaceutical care in the context of the Xingu Health Region (10th Health Region in the state of Pará). A Conceptual Model of Technical Chamber of Pharmaceutical Assistance is presented in the context of the Transamazônica and Xingu Regional Intermanagement Council of the state of Pará, with their respective indicators for monitoring and evaluation.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Atividade anticolinesterásica dos óleos essenciais e componentes majoritários de Piper spp e Aniba canelilla e docagem molecular do 1-nitro-2-feniletano
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-05-28) SILVA, Nayla Nunes dos Santos; ANDRADE, Eloisa Helena de Aguiar; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3827055876022373; MAIA, José Guilherme Soares; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1034534634988402
Currently, Alzheimer's disease (AD) is considered a significant public health problem worldwide and the major complication of the disease is the deficit of cholinergic neuron activity, a fact that can be reversed and/or mitigated by raising levels of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh). The most effective way to increase the available amount of acetylcholine is the inhibition of the acetylcholinesterase enzyme (AChE). In the search for new natural cholinesterasic inhibitors, the essential oils and major components of five aromatic plants occurring in the Amazon region were investigated using the AChE inhibition test by direct bioautography. The oils and major components were obtained from Aniba canelilla (1-nitro-2-phenylethane), P. aduncum (dillapiole), P. callosum (safrole), P. divaricatum (methyleugenol) and P. marginatum (safrole+3,4-methylenedioxipropiophenone). The oils of A. canelilla and P. aduncum showed enzyme inhibition zone in amounts of 0.01 ng and 1ng, respectively. The oil of P.marginatum showed weak activity (~ 100 ng) and the oils of P. callosum and P. divaricatum were inactive. Among the major constituents, who showed activity are the phenylpropanoids 1-nitro-2-phenylethane, isolated from the oil of A. canelilla, and safrole and elemicin, isolated from the oil of P. callosum, which inhibited the AChE in amounts of 0.01, 1000 to 1000 ng, respectively. The results indicate that the oil of A. canelilla and 1-nitro-2-phenylethane inhibited AChE in the same proportion as the pattern physostigmine. The molecular docking study was added to the experimental results, showing that the nitro group of 1-nitro-2-phenylethane can establish hydrogen bonds with the hydroxyl group of the serine residue existing in the catalytic AChE molecule, suggesting that the electronegative character of 1-nitro-2-phenylethane may be responsible for this strong chemical interaction.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação da atividade dos extratos hidroetanólico de Chenopodium ambrosioides L. e de Eucalyptus alba Reinw ex Blume, frente a cepas de Mycobacterium sp
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-10) VALÉRIO, Erika da Silva; BARBOSA, Wagner Luiz Ramos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1372405563294070; TEIXEIRA, Francisco Martins; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7648303522085382
Chenopodium ambrosioides and Eucalyptus alba are species used in folk medicine for the treatment of tuberculosis and sputum. This study aimed to determine the physical-chemical, microbiological parameters, define phytochemical screening and evaluate antimycobacterial, cytotoxicity, immunomodulation, and toxicity in vivo activities of extracts and fractions. In physical-chemical and microbiological evaluation of C.ambrosioides and E. alba extracts, were found parameters in accordance with the specific literature for medicinal plants. The phytochemical screening of the extracts revealed the presence of saponins, steroids, triterpenoids, phenols and tannins, C. ambrosioides extract also showed proteins and amino acids, while the E. alba extract was positive for organic acids and lactones. The results of broth microdilution assay and microplate alamar blue assay showed moderates activities against the Mycobacterium fortuitum of E. alba extract and ethyl acetate fraction (FAcE) of E. alba; the chloroform fraction (FCl) of C.ambrosioides and the ethyl acetate fraction (FacEA) of E. alba were moderately active against the Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The cytotoxic activity, evaluated by MTT method, showed that the extracts did not reduce cell viability in the concentrations tested. In the immunomodulation assay, E. alba extract presented potential anti-inflammatory effect, by the methods of inhibition the production of NO and TNFα. No signs of acute oral toxicity of the extracts at a dose of 2500 mg/kg in mice were detected. These results suggest the potential antimycobacterial the FAcE of E. alba and immunomodulatory of E. alba extract and can serve as a resource for future studies, aimed at isolation of active compound and elucidation of their mechanisms of action.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação externa da qualidade das baciloscopias para tuberculose, realizadas nas unidades laboratoriais públicas no município de Belém (Pará)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010-10-04) BRITO, Michele Lima de; LIMA, Karla Valéria Batista; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9795461154139260
The sputum examination is the most widely used for diagnosis and control of tuberculosis (TB), as a method of simple execution, low cost, but has low sensitivity and specificity. For the effectiveness and efficiency of this method are met, it is necessary for the establishment and application of standard rules of execution and reading of slides. Thus, it is essential to know the quality of smear microscopy available in a laboratory network. The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of sputum for diagnosis and control of TB conducted in Units Laboratory (UL) belonging to the public laboratories in Belém, Pará, in 2007, 2008 and 2009. The evaluation was divided into three stages, corresponding to the year of manufacture of the sputum blades. Participants UL 18 that sent regularly to the Central Laboratory of Para, all smear slides prepared by them for External Quality Assessment of Smear (AEQB), which uses the method of blind rereading of smears. This method involves a technical evaluation of the smears, describing them as "Adequate" and "Inappropriate", besides the analysis of discrepant results False Positive (FP) and false negative (FN). During the study period, 4117 samples were processed by UL. In the first stage of evaluation, all 18 UL had blades that were classified as inadequate, and this number decreased to 12 UL in the 2nd stage of evaluation and UL for six at the 3rd step. Regarding disagreements, disagreements had 03 UL 03 UL FP and FN. The results obtained in this study reinforce the need to maintain and expand AEQB for all UL performing smear in the network of laboratories.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação sorológica dos antígenos micobacterianos ND-O-BSA, LID-1 E NDO-LID em pacientes com hanseníase, contatos intradomiciliares e estudantes de um município hiperendêmico da Amazônia brasileira
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-04-05) MORAES, Tânia Mara Pires; SALGADO, Claudio Guedes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2310734509396125
Despite efforts for its elimination as a public health problem, leprosy remains highly prevalence in some countries, including Brazil, specially in the state of Pará, which accounts for approximately 10% of the 400,000 new cases in Brazil during the last 10 years. To date, there is no diagnostic test to detect leprosy in its early stages, thus contributing to the maintenance of high rates of disease incidence. In this sense, the Discovery of new specific antigens of M. leprae to enable the development of new diagnostic methods may facilitate early detection of disease prior to the onset of disfigurement and nerve damage and contribute to achieving the goals of leprosy control. In this study, dermatological clinical evaluation of the participants was performed to detect new cases and blood samples were collected for antibody screening at two different timpoints, T1 (2011) and T2 (2013), two years apart. IgM anti-ND-O-BSA and IgG anti-LID-1 titers were detected by ELISA, and anti-IgM and anti-IgG were combined for detection of both in plasma samples by ELISA or also the whole blood by OrangeLife® (OL) rapid test in 79 leprosy patients, 131 household contacts and 331 students from the municipality of Breves, Pará State. Samples collected at T1 showed a high number of new cases detected, with 18.6% of household contacts and 6.1% of students diagnosed, while two years later at T2, there were 19.8% of household contacts and 9.4% of students diagnosed. At T2, 44.3% of contacts were positive for anti-ND-O-BSA, 7.8% for anti-LID-1 and 37.4% for anti-NDO-LID. Mong the students 49.5% were positive for anti-ND-O-BSA, 5.1% for anti-LID-1 and 37% for anti-NDO-LID. The association between antigens showed a strong correlation to ND-O-BSA and NDO-LID. Positivity of the OL rapide test was 44.3% for newly diagnosed MB cases (BT majority), in students was 47.4% and 36.3% in household contacts, with poor agreement with ELISA anti-NDO-LID. At follow-up (T2), the percentage of new cases was 35% and the largest number was identified among individuals positive for anti-ND-O-BSA. The data show a high incidence in contacts and students through active search and serologic follow-up, and we concluded that the antigen ND-O-BSA was more sensitive in the ELISA assay for identifying new cases in populations endemic.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Desenvolvimento de um roteiro de inspeção sanitária para sala de serviços de vacinação em farmácias e drogarias
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-08-17) SALES, Clarisse Andrade; SENA, Luann Wendel Pereira de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6233488431016391; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9363-5766; MELO, Amanda Gabryelle Nunes Cardoso; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8951750304102610; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7661-1615
Introduction: Immunizations are strongly linked to public health actions, being recognized worldwide as an effective measure in the prevention of infectious diseases. Community pharmacies are seen as the first point of health care, allowing the pharmacist to guide the population on their benefits, clarifying doubts and demystifying misconceptions, which are often the cause of non-adherence to medication. Objective: To analyze the health management process related to vaccination services provided by pharmacists in a pharmacy network in Brazil. Methodology: The study is characterized by being a descriptive retrospective study, whose purpose is to describe the vaccination service in community pharmacies. The study population consisted of pharmacists and patients who performed vaccination procedures and who spontaneously sought services and/or clinical care, respectively. Results: 2981 doses of vaccines were applied in the years 2020 the 2021 in 18 establishments in Brazil. The state that obtained the highest number of vaccinations was São Paulo. The most sought-after vaccine was Influenza with 2934 doses administered. Conclusion: It was found that the vaccination service in pharmacies is evolving, and the pharmaceutical professional has a fundamental role in this process, being able to contribute to the access and increase of vaccination coverage rates in the country.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Desenvolvimento de uma cartilha de dispensação farmacêutica em Farmácias comunitárias
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-09-05) SOUZA, Marcos Felipe Rodrigues de; SENA, Luann Wendel Pereira de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6233488431016391; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9363-5766
Introduction: The pharmacist is currently the most accessible member of the health team and the first source of assistance and advice in general health care. Its rapprochement with the pharmacy and performance in patient care, no longer focusing its actions exclusively on the medication, meant that the dispensing process was understood as an essential action for the promotion of health and the rational use of medications (URM), in addition to including pharmaceutical services, which encompasses a set of actions performed by a pharmaceutical professional. Objectives: To develop a pharmaceutical dispensing booklet in community pharmacies in order to improve pharmaceutical dispensing, as well as guide new pharmaceutical professionals in the commercial pharmacy market. Methodology: The study is characterized by being an analytical descriptive study aiming at the development of a pharmaceutical dispensing flowchart. This consists of showing the drug dispensing process in a safe and coherent way, analyzing all decisions. Results and discussions: The method of care in dispensing medicines and pharmaceutical services in community pharmacies are presented in a flowchart format, aiming to establish a standard method to be adopted in any establishment that performs direct dispensing to the user and guarantee quality of care. Final considerations: Pharmaceutical clinical services develop great attributions for the professional who has theoretical and practical knowledge. Therefore, the provision of pharmaceutical care through the first contact that usually takes place at the time of dispensing requires care and attention, given that in this process, in addition to dispensing, a complete anamnesis with the patient and relevant information regarding education in health, drug interactions and other questions that the patient may have. Therefore, the activity of pharmaceutical care needs to be more effective in a community pharmacy.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Desenvolvimento de uma ficha de admissão para pacientes hospitalizados com COVID-19 em um hospital no estado do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-11-18) CASTRO, Eline Fernandes Ribeiro de; RIBEIRO, Carolina Heitmann Mares Azevedo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3848996822163999; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9457-2733; ALBÉRIO, Carlos Augusto Abreu; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2335187399740995; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9364-3990
Objective: Develop an admission form for patients hospitalized for COVID-19 in a private hospital in the state of Pará. The application of the admission form aims at a more assertive clinical decision-making and the reduction of negative outcomes. Methodology: This is a retrospective, cross-sectional and quantitative study, carried out by collecting data from adult patients hospitalized with a diagnosis of COVID-19 from March to June 2020 at the hospital under study. Data collection was divided between patient-related information such as personal data and clinical data such as signs/symptoms on admission, comorbidities and length of stay. Records of vital signs and results of laboratory tests and imaging were also collected. The data obtained were tabulated in Microsoft Excel and statistical analysis Odds ratio and Chi-square with a significance level of 5%. Results: A total of 212 hospitalized patients were evaluated, predominantly male and aged between 60 and 80 years. The presence of comorbidities was identified in 70.8% (n 150) of the patients and, in this case, the occurrence of negative outcomes was higher. After the univariate analysis, the variables that proved to be significant in relation to the negative outcomes were: male gender, age group ≥80 years, presence of some comorbidity, palliative care, hospitalization time >20 days. Conclusion: These results create the possibility of conducting prospective studies to improve care tools for patients with COVID-19, including the development of predictive scales for severe illness. Key Words: COVID-19; SARS-Cov-2; Comorbidities; Hospitalization.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Diagnóstico coproparasitológico e avaliação dos fatores de risco para infecção parasitária intestinal em uma comunidade ribeirinha do município de Belém-Pará, Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2005-05-19) ESTEVES, Nelma Maria Rosa de Sousa; PÓVOA, Marinete Marins; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2256328599939923
The intestinal parasitosis are the most frequent diseases that infect the men, maily in undeveloped or on development countries, where, in general, the sanitation system do not exist or is under very bad condition. This study aims to determine the prevalence and identify the risk factors of each enteroparasitosis, on the population of the community of Jutuba Island, Belém city, Pará state. We had tested 109 stool samples using the following methods: direct and spontaneous sedimentation. He total prevalence found was 77,89% (85/109). Among the protozoas, the Entamoeba histolytica (49,41%) and among the helmints the ancilostomides (40%), Ascaris lumbricoides (29,41) and Trichiuris trichiura (24,71%) were the most frequent parasites. There was no statistical sigfnificance between parasitism and sex. The correlation between the parasitism by Giardia lamblia and age was significant (p < 0,05) for the children groups. The risk factors more important for the parasitic diseases for the population of Jutuba Island were the low lever of the economical situation, the lack of sanitation system, the intake of river water without any previous treatment and the intake of açaí juice in natura. The correlation between untreated water and intestinal parasitosis was no statistical significant. The odd rates index had showed that the açaí intake raises the chance of parasitism among the Jutuba Island population it is very important the action of the healthy authorities in order to provide to them the sanitary education since this is an important factor to help to control the parasitism reducing the prevalence of each parasite.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Diagnóstico situacional e análise espacial da logística reversa de medicamentos domiciliares vencidos ou em desuso em uma rede varejista do Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-07-05) OLIVEIRA, Camila Martins; SENA, Luann Wendel Pereira de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6233488431016391; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9363-5766
Introduction: The reverse logistics process of disused or expired medicine for the general population makes the reverse flow, returning along its production and distribution chain, to have its final disposal environmentally sound. In this sense, the pharmacist is fundamental because he plays the role of knowledge multiplier, qualifying, training, and instructing employees and consumers about good environmental practices related to health waste. Objective: To carry out a situational diagnosis of reverse logistics and spatial analysis of expired or disused household medications in a pharmaceutical retail chain in Brazil. Method: It is an exploratory, cross sectional, and prospective study that used product/waste information obtained at different collection points in a network of pharmacies with 400 establishments in Brazil, from 2020 to 2022. Results: The study showed that the network collected a volume of 4,519.74 kg of expired medicines from the population between 2020 and 2022, concentrating the largest collection volume in the North region (69.1%). It is also noteworthy that Belem was the municipality with the highest collection, concentrating 92.5% of the collection in the state of Pará. Another important point was the presentation of a manual for the implementation of reverse logistics for expired medicines for the population. Conclusion: The findings of this study should contribute to the improvement and application of reverse logistics for expired medicines for the population in Brazil.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O efeito in vitro dos compostos ácido alfa-lipoico e resveratrol em parâmetros do estresse oxidativo durante o uso da poliquimioterapia para hanseníase
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-10-20) PESSÔA, Mariely Cristine Amador; MONTEIRO, Marta Chagas; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6710783324317390
The leprosy is an infectious disease that represents a major preoccupation in global public health in 21st century. The treatment with Multi Drug Therapy (MDT) approved by the World Health Organization (WHO) is the best treatment to Mycobacterim leprae infection; however, is one of the factors of increasing Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) production and the development of methemoglobinemia and hemolytic anemia in these patients. The aim of this study was to verify the oxidative damage in leprosy patients receiving MDT, by evaluation of hematological and oxidative stress biomarkers, and identify the effects of in vitro treatment with antioxidants alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) and resveratrol (RSV) in antioxidant enzymes activity and prevention of methemoglobinemia. The results revealed a decrease in RBC count and reticulocytosis in patients receiving MDT during the 4th and 7th month of treatment. The percentual of methemoglobin increased since the fifth month of treatment with MDT, and the treatment with 100 μM RSV-treated and ALA-treated preserved the values similar to control group only in 4th to 6th month of MDT samples. The leprosy patients presented values of SOD activity similar to the control group and a decreased CAT activity, leading to an inbalance in the ratio of both enzymes and possibly resulting in an over-producing of H2O2. The treatment with RSV and ALA in 100 μM and 500 μM concentrations increases twice the SOD activity in 4th month patient samples; however, these concentrations did not change CAT and SOD activities found in leprosy patients. Such results demonstrate that RSV and ALA did not show antioxidant activity in installed oxidative stress, and subsequent studies are necessary to evaluate dose-dependent and time-dependent concentrations of RSV and ALA to prevent oxidative damage in chronic infectious diseases.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Efeitos neurocomportamentais e no estresse oxidativo em ratos tratados com extrato etanólico de própolis amarela
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015) SILVEIRA, Cinthia Cristina Sousa de Menezes da; MAIA, Cristiane do Socorro Ferraz; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4835820645258101
Propolis is a resinous substance produced by bees that collect raw material from different parts of plants, through the addition of salivary secretions and wax. In Brazil, 13 types of propolis were chemically characterized. In the yellow propolis of Mato Grosso do Sul were identified 15 compounds, all belonging to the class of triterpenoids, and low levels of phenolic compounds and flavonoids. This work aims to conduct behavioral and biochemical assays with acute administration of yellow propolis ethanolic extract. 8 groups of male Wistar rats, 3 months, were used (n = 10 per group) and were divided into control (Tween 5%), positive control for anxiolytic activity (diazepam), positive control for antidepressant activity (fluoxetine), positive control for mnemonic effect (caffeine), 4 doses of the extract (1, 3, 10, 30mg/kg). The extract administration was performed acutely, intraperitoneally. Behavioral tests were open field, elevated plus maze, forced swimming and inhibitory avoidance. After the behavioral testing was performed to collect blood in the intracardiac area of the animals for determination of nitric oxide, malondialdehyde, catalase, superoxide dismutase and total antioxidant capacity. The results obtained in the open field test showed spontaneous locomotion preserved and anxiolytic-like activity, confirmed result with the elevated plus maze. In the forced swimming test, the yellow propolis ethanolic extract demonstrated action of antidepressant-like. In the inhibitory avoidance test showed mnemonic activity at 30 mg/kg. In the evaluation of oxidative biochemistry, the extract reduced the production of nitric oxide and malondialdehyde without changing level of total antioxidant, catalase and superoxide dismutase, induced by stress. With these results it is concluded that the yellow propolis ethanolic extract has anxiolytic, antidepressant, mnemonic and antioxidant activity.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Efeitos no comportamento motor após intoxicação subcrônica de metilmercúrio na presença de etanol (padrão binge) em ratas adolescentes à fase adulta
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-11-06) OLIVEIRA, Aline do Nascimento de; MAIA, Cristiane do Socorro Ferraz; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4835820645258101
Exposure to methylmercury through the contaminated seafood diet, concomitant abusive alcohol intake, in binge pattern, is quite common in gold mining communities of gold extraction, especially in the Amazon. The association between these two neurotoxicantes is also evident among adolescent women and creates the need to understand its effects on the central nervous system, especially in motor coordination, balance and spontaneous locomotion, because the studies are advanced only for the effects of exposure in isolation. Therefore this study aims to evaluate the effects on motor behavior resulting of subchronic exposure to methylmercury in the presence of alcohol, in binge pattern, in adolescents female rats until early adulthood (37-72 postnatal day), through behavioral motors tests, like Open Field, Pole Test, Rotarod and Beam Walking Test. The testing occurred 24 hours after the last intoxication of rats, which received methylmercury (0.04 mg / kg / day) for 35 days, concomitant with alcohol (3g / kg / day), 3 intermittent days, 1 time per week (binge), totaling 5 binges. The results showed a decrease in spontaneous locomotion in Open Field test through the parameters of the total distance traveled and number of rearing. In the Pole test was increased fall time, evidencing the bradykinesia. In the Rotarod there was a decrease in latency in the first three exhibitions, as well as Beam Walking Test was increased latency and number of slips, especially in thinner beams, showing that subchronic exposure to methylmercury in the presence of alcohol, in the binge, in adolescent female rats was able to produce behavioral damages related to coordinating motor, balance and spontaneous locomotor activity.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Elaboração de manual para medicamentos orais administrados via sonda em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI) neonatal
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-09-01) AZEVEDO, Lucília Lima; COSTA, Russany Silva da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0435018266499256; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2705-1591
Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICU) accommodate several health professionals, working together to ensure comprehensive care for patients. Since the 1990s, the pharmaceutical professional has been proposed as one of the fundamental members of the multidisciplinary team caring for critically ill patients. The challenge of safe and appropriate drug use in the neonatal period is daunting and is made more complicated by the notorious lack of evidence based data to guide decision-making. The present work aimed to develop a manual for the use of oral medications prescribed for administration via tube to hospitalized patients, to support the development of a guidance instrument for the multidisciplinary team. This is a documentary study of a descriptive, analytical and retrospective nature with a quantitative approach, where data were analyzed from medical prescriptions from the NICU in the period from January 1, 2020 to December 31, 2021, excluding newborns with length of stay of less than 24 hours and/or who did not have a prescription for medication to be administered via a tube and nursing report forms. During the study, 633 newborns were admitted to the NICU, of which 23.5% were excluded due to a length of stay of less than 24 hours, 18.4% due to lack of information in the medical record and 34.1% because they did not have a medication prescription via tube. In this sense, the study population consisted of 151 newborns, of which 53.6% were male and 46.4% were female, the majority of which were born through surgical delivery (59.6%). This population weighed between 750g and 4,515g, with the statistically significant majority being underweight (59.6%), followed by those with very low weight (23.8%). The average stay in the ICU was 12.6 days, with a minimum of 2 days and a maximum of 40 days. Furthermore, the most prevalent diagnosis was prematurity, which reached 72.2%, with 47.7% of isolated prematurity and 24.5% of prematurity plus Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS), with the proportion of prematurity being statistically significant in in relation to other diagnoses. Almost 50% of newborns were prescribed three or more medications, where it was found that the most prescribed medications were antiphysetics and antiemetics (Simethicone/Domperidone: 42.2 and Bromopride: 24.6%), the most frequent pharmaceutical form was liquid (90.7%), and can be administered through a tube (98.0%), without interacting with medication (98.0%) or with diet (parenteral nutrition) (89.4%). In nursing reports, 79.2% stated that they had prepared/administered a medication prescribed for administration via tube and 73% of professionals stated that they had doubts regarding the preparation and administration of medications. The most frequent question was about administration (10 out of 14-71.4%). There were also doubts regarding dilution and incompatibility of the medicine (35.7% both), as well as preparation, crushing and closing time (21.4% each). Therefore, the need to develop a Manual that will contribute as a tool for good practices in the administration of medications via tube stands out, as a tool aimed mainly at the nursing professional, an active participant in this process.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estudo teórico do complexo cefoxitina-proteína 5 de ligação à penicilina da Escherichia Coli por dinâmica molecular com método híbrido de mecânica quântica/ mecânica molecular
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-12-12) SILVA, Thaís Boulhosa Barros da; BARROS, Carlos Augusto Lima; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8902921733540173; MONTEIRO, Marta Chagas; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6710783324317390
The Penicillin Binding Proteins (PBPs) are important for the development of new drugs against bacterial infections biological targets. This study was aimed to understand the interaction between the protein and cefoxitin 5 Penicillin-Binding (PBP5) of Escherichia coli (deposited in the PDB under the code 3MZE) through simulation Molecular Dynamics (MD), using the approach hybrid quantum molecular mechanics (QM/MM) and mechanical. As well as develop a prototype to evaluate, through computer simulation, the susceptibility of Gram negative bacteria against antibiotics. The analysis of antimicrobial susceptibility to antibiotics tested has shown that this strain of E. coli ATCC 8739 was sensitive to 5 antimicrobials study. The strain of E. coli derived from the clinical isolate was resistant to ciprofloxacin 5 μg and gentamicin 10 μg, intermediate sensitivity to cefepime 30 μg and ceftazidime 30 μg, and sensitivity to cefoxitina 30 μg. The difference in susceptibility of E. coli strain ATCC 8739 and strain of E. coli isolated from a clinical can show a molecular immunological memory of the bacteria. We observed no production of β-lactamases by the strain of E. coli derived from clinical isolate, suggested because no observed difference in antimicrobial susceptibility with respect to the presence or absence of EDTA on the disks containing the antibiotics. The analysis has revealed that protonation of the deprotonated His146, His151, His216 and His320 residues. The stabilization of the complex was studied after 0,6 ns of MD simulation. Moreover, a decomposition analysis in terms of energy was performed to determine the contributions of individual amino acid residues for protein-ligand interactions. The results revealed that cefoxitin has a strong interaction with Lis44, Lis210, Ser41, Gli212, His213, Glu246 residue, apart from water, which are important for stabilizing cefoxitin-PBP5 complex. The electrostatic potential map Molecular cefoxitin revealed a highly electrophilic center corresponding to the β-lactam ring, which promotes hydroxyl attack nuceofílico the serine residue of the E. coli PBP5 active site region. These results can give support the planning of new more selective and effective drugs to control bacterial infections. The experimental results were statistically consistent with the theoretical results thus this work can be used as a prototype for computing theoretical evaluate the antimicrobial susceptibility to Gram negative bacteria. This study may find applications in future planning and development of new and potent compounds with antimicrobial activity. Mainly in attempts to modify an inhibitor, particularly of the cephalosporin class in order to improve its selectivity and its activity.