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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Antropometria de escolares ao ingresso no ensino fundamental na cidade de Belém, Pará, 2001
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2006-03) NEVES, Olga Maria Domingues das; BRASIL, Anne Lise Dias; BRASIL, Laélia Maria Barra Feio; TADDEI, José Augusto de Aguiar Carrazedo
Objectives: to perform anthropometric measurements in elementary school students of the public school system of the State of Belém, Pará, as a tool for nutritional surveillance and to study associations between nutritional status and biological, social and economic characteristics. Methods: 793 students were assessed for their nutritional status, by z scores of height/age and weight /height according to the World Health Organization criteria. Biological, social and economic variables were: gender, age, place of birth, age of school enrolment and maternal education level. The chi square test was used to relate nutritional status to variables. Results: of the 637 students assessed, 16.6% were of low stature or in risk of low stature, 4.5% malnourished or in risk of malnourishment, 7.4% were overweight or obese. There was no significant association between nutritional status and gender. The majority of the children was born in the capital, was enrolled late in school and had mothers with education level of >4 years. There was a significant correlation between obesity and low stature with low maternal education level; malnutrition risk and low stature with late school enrolment; and obesity and normal stature with regular enrollment. Conclusions: low maternal school level and late school enrollment are associated to nutritional problems. School nutritional surveillance is important to assess, treat and prevent children's health and nutrition risks.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Aspectos clínicos, epidemiológicos, microbiológicos e terapêuticos da candidemia nosocomial em unidades neonatal e pediátrica em um hospital geral em Belém/ Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2006-06-13) PAES, Andréa Luzia Vaz; LEÃO, Raimundo Nonato Queiroz de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2956764853618778; SOUZA, Rita Catarina Medeiros de
The fungals infections have been emerging as responsible for nosocomial infections, particularly when associates with morbities as prematureness, blood diseases, hospitable stay for more than 15 days, come in another. With the purpose of evaluating candidemia occurrence in patients of neonates and of the pediatrics put into hospital in public hospital in Belém / Pará, Fundação Santa Casa of Misericórdia from Pará (FSCMP), was accomplished a retrospective study having as investigation base all the cultures accomplished in hospital from January 1999 to December 2004. Of a total of 2.622 cultures, just five with C. albicans isolation of pediatrics and neonates patients. It is worth stress that it was not identified no other species of Candida. The children had between 0 until 9 months, and all of them were submitted for surgical procedures. Occurring other concomitant hospitable infections to candidemias. Among signals and symptoms introduced at the moment of the isolation of Candida note that respiratory disfunction and fever were the most frequent. Anemia and leukocytoses were the laboratories alterations predominant. Some risk factors for candidemia development were identified as antibiotics therapy, surgeries, blood transfusion, and use of blocking of H2, central veined catheter, probe pray-gastric. Among antibiotics used note that antibiotic of wide spectrum, like ceftazidime, imipenem, vancomycin, were used in most cases (4/5). The average time of hospitable stay belonged to 55 days, and three patient remained put into hospital in ICU. This work reflects a Candida's low isolation in children put into hospital in FSCMP, suggesting an improvement in the tests employees for mushrooms cultures.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Doenças sexualmente transmissíveis em crianças e adolescentes vítimas de abuso sexual atendidas no Centro de Referência do Estado do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010) CARNEIRO, Danielle Maria Martins; XAVIER, Marília Brasil; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0548879430701901
Sexual abuse of minors has been a problem of great magnitude to public health. Currently in the media, it had been described several years ago but has only been studied in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. According to World Health Organization there were 223 million cases of child sexual victimization in 2002 year. Sexual abuse has serious health consequences, including the acquisition of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). This research evaluated 164 children victims of sexual abuse in the reference center on the north of Brazil, in 2007. For such a protocol form was used with clinical and laboratorial data about sexually transmitted disease during follow-up of those patients. Most children who were diagnosed with STIs were female. The children’s age was mainly from 10 to 18 years and they were from the largest city. The acquisition of an STD was associated mainly to the rape and, in most cases, the abuser was known to the victim. The major STDs were vulvovaginitis (66.2%), followed by condylomatosis (21.5%), gonorrhea (9.2%), herpes (6.2%), pelvic inflammatory disease (4.6%) and syphilis (3.1%). The development of sexual disease contagion is related to the prevalence of adult site. This research is consistent with the literature in several aspects, such as age, sex, perpetrator and abuse. As regards the development of DST it was higher than in developed countries, but lower than in Africa. The infection with gonorrhea was lower than in other South American countries. The syphilis infection, vulvovaginitis, herpes and HPV follow the parameters of developed countries and the rest of the country. Chlamydia was not diagnosed but has great presence on national and international studies. Further studies would be appropriate, particularly with regard to the diagnosis of Chlamydia infection, which is underdiagnosed.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Epidemiologia das infecções de corrente sanguínea por enterobactérias produtoras de betalactamase de espectro expandido: estudo caso-controle em Unidade Neonatal do Norte do Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012) SILVA, Danille Lima da; CARNEIRO, Irna Carla do Rosário Souza; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4389330944043163
Gram-negative bacilli, especially Enterobacteriacea, are frequently associated with neonatal sepsis. A retrospective case-control study was performed to study bloodstream infections (BSI) caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing (ESBL) enterobacteria in a neonatal unit the northern region of Brazil. This research was undertaken of all neonates admitted between 1st January 2007 and 31st December 2011 to the neonatal care unit, who had late-onset sepsis with blood cultures positive for Klebsiella sp., Enterobacter sp., Serratia sp. and Escherichia coli, performed according to National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards criteria. There were 153 neonates with gram-negative septicaemia, 87 newborns were infected with ESBL-producing enterobacteria, with incidence of 8.63 cases per 1000 newborns admitted. These were studied 132 patients, divided in two groups, cases (ESBL +) and controls (ESBL -), of 66 each (1:1). Most cases were affected in the first days of life (34,8% vs. 9,1%, p=0,001), especially in 2007 (19,7%), and made use two antibiotics (59,1% vs. 33,3%, p=0,01). The control group made more use of central venous catheter (62,1% vs. 45,4%, p=0,037) and parenteral nutrition (75,7% vs. 48,5%, p=0,001). The distribution curve of enterobacteria in accordance with the production of ESBL throughout the study period showed a greater number of cases in 2007 and 2008 (56,05%), with a higher chance of acquiring ESBL-producing enterobacteria these years (78% e 72%, respectively), and a higher number of controls for 2010 and 2011 (72,7%). The evolution to more deaths occurred among the cases (40,9% vs. 24,2%, p=0,031) and the majority died within 30 days of the episode of ICS (92,6% vs. 50,0%, p=0,002). In multivariate analysis, the evolution to death by ESBL-producing remained as an independent variable (OR=3,47 IC 1,33 – 9,06). It was concluded that there was a higher incidence of ESBL-producing enterobacteria BSI for the first two years of the study (2007 - 2008), with probability of acquiring this type of infection of up to 78%. The neonatal mortality was high, being three times greater when compared to infections by non-ESBL-producing enterobacteria. The change of the resistance profile of BSI by enterobacteria, reducing the number of cases of ESBL over time was a result of the implementation of control measures for dissemination and selection of bacterial resistance in the neonatal unit, and coinciding with the revision of care protocols as increased use of PICC and parenteral nutrition protocol in the period from 2010 to 2011.