Navegando por CNPq "CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::PSICOLOGIA::PSICOLOGIA DO TRABALHO E ORGANIZACIONAL"

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Efeitos de uma história de reforço contínuo e das propriedades formais de regras sobre o seguimento de regras
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-11-24) COSTA, Adelina Santana Nery da; ALBUQUERQUE, Luiz Carlos de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5261537967195189
The present study aimed to assess the effects of a) a history of an alternative behavior to that specified by the rule, established by differential reinforcement and maintained in CRF before the presentation of the rule; b) schedule of reinforcement programmed to strengthen the non-following rules (it means the alternative behavior) after presentation of rule and c) the formal properties of rules (it means the future social consequences, implicitly reported in the rules) on the discrepant rule following contingencies. Twenty-four college students were exposed to a procedure for choosing in agreement with the model. The task was to point out the comparison stimuli in sequence. Students were distributed in four conditions. In each condition, in Phase 1, the correct sequence (it means alternative to the behavior specified by the rule) was established by differential reinforcement in continuous schedule of reinforcement and maintained in this scheme. In Phases 2 and 3, the contingencies were kept unchanged, while the rules were manipulated. In Phases 2 and 3, the contingencies were kept unchanged while the rules were manipulated. In Phase 1 of the Conditions 1 and 3, questions were asked about the contingencies. In Conditions 2 and 4, no questions were asked. In Conditions 1 and 2, Phase 2 was initiated with a suggestion and Phase 3 with a order. In Conditions 3 and 4, was the reverse. In Phase 2 100% of participants were lost to follow-up of the discrepant rule of contingencies in form of suggestion and 60% of participants were lost to follow-up of the discrepant rule of contingencies in form of order. The results support the suggestion that the characteristic effect of a certain variable (for example, the story of the continuous reinforcement of the alternative behavior specified by the rule) to make the following discrepant rule sensitive to contingencies and may depend on its combination with other variables. They also suggest that the formal properties of the rules should now be considered as a variable that can interfere with the following rules.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Prazer-sofrimento e saúde no trabalho com automação: estudo com operadores em empresas japonesas no Pólo Industrial de Manaus
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2008-03-31) MORAES, Rosângela Dutra de; ACEVEDO MARIN, Rosa Elizabeth; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0087693866786684
The current configuration of the workplace is characterized by the complexity and intensification of worker health risks. This present thesis addresses labor and health with Dejours’ psychodynamics as a reference point, focusing on the category of pleasure and suffering within the labor-with-automation context at the Manaus Industrial Complex (PIM). Seeking to situate macroeconomic aspects, this study presents the socioeconomic conditions of operators and the context of productive restructuring at PIM, predominantly characterized by increasing automation. The purpose of this study was to analyze labor organization with automation and its results on health of automated machinery operators, focusing on pleasuresuffering and its impacts on the health-illness process. In accordance with Dejours’ theoreticalmethodological groundwork, we chose to use a qualitative approach. The empirical research was conducted in the automation area of two large Japanese companies in the electronicselectric goods segment of the PIM. Twenty-one machine operators participated as subjects (ten from one company and eleven from the other). The main source of data was conversations with the subjects, who responded to a semi-structured interview. A linking between the Grounded Theory with psychodynamics was used for analysis, as a qualitative technique suited to individual interviews. The concern over “quality” stood out as a core category, proving to be present in all spheres of labor organization and modulating the experience of pleasuresuffering: one of the main sources of pleasure, often mentioned, consists in performing their tasks without errors. On the other hand, the fear of errors is one of the main sources of suffering, a permanent source of tension, aggravating the risk of illness. Pleasure also comes from identifying with the task of operating high-technology machinery without committing errors. Learning more and mastering “cutting-edge technology” is a source of subjective mobilization. Suffering results from underpaid work overload, under intense pressure to produce “quality”. Workers construct collective defense strategies to support suffering: they make jokes at colleagues who make mistakes, interpreted as a resource to reduce suffering coming from fear of failure. They also use a wide variety of individual defense strategies, a reflection of individualism within this productive context. Acknowledgement, considered an ideal manner to achieve resignification of suffering, is infrequently used: less than half of the operators consider themselves duly recognized for their work; they mention the low wages as proof of the lack of acknowledgement. Symbolic acknowledgement is also lacking in one of the companies, thereby worsening suffering. The predominance of suffering over pleasure in the workplace leads to an imbalance that results in the exaggerated use of defenses: these are manifest as workplace social pathologies, among them overload pathology, related to excess work imposed on operators, since the purchase of the machines corresponds to a reduction in the workforce. Workplace suffering at PIM is far from being eliminated. In fact, it is intensifying with automation, within the context of the everworking of labor, as part of the flexible organization of capital.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Representações sociais da Psicologia do Trabalho: o olhar de formandos em Psicologia da Universidade Federal do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010) SANTOS, Eliana Cavalcante Maués; PEDROSO, Janari da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4096274367867186
This study has undergone contemporary social issues regarding the Subject, the Labor and the Psychology from the perspective of Social Representations: the training of organizational psychologists at the Federal University of Pará. The research identified the Organizational Psychology from the perspective of undergraduate Psychology students at UFPA. The paradigmatic issues related to the area, the experiences of students in supervised internships, the issue of labor as a source of identity, the changes of post-modernity for the professional futures of the Organizational Psychology, as well as its market prospects were analyzed. The study had its theoretical basis centered mainly on Serge Moscovici (1978, 2001, 2005, 2007) and in the theory of Social Representations-SR, and also on Denise Jodelet (2001, 2005, 2009) with the procedural approach to Social Representations. The SRs were inserted as the foundational thematic theory, which observed everyday relationships from the perspective of human communications that formed representations for proposing a new perspective of Social Psychology. Qualitative research and the use of the Underlying Discourse Unveiling Method (UDUM) were the procedures used for data collecting and analysis. The analysis of representations showed the various difficulties faced by students seeking internships: the replacement of apprenticeship activities for specific research on the world of labor and academic online exercises, through the Internet; such knowledge was considered inadequate and inappropriate substitutes to students in training; the desire to differentiate the standards established in the area of the organizational psychology was also informed, that is, of the distorted view of psychologists who were working on companies but did not care for the workers. On the professional practice issue, the attempt by the teachers to replace the internship for other activities involved a breach of a commitment to teaching with the interdisciplinary bias and practical nature, as stated in the curriculum guidelines for undergraduate courses of the institution. They felt helpless and unprepared to act in the market and quite concerned with the requirements of this area. However, they glimpsed possibilities when suggesting that this field would present innovative and constantly updated potentialities, in which the role of the university would be essential as well as the preparation of teachers to building an organizational psychology and ethical commitment, which would emerge from the concrete practice of future psychologists formed by the institution.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Saúde e adoecimento mental no serviço público hospitalar
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-09-29) NONATO, Patrícia Suely Cavalcante; SIMONIAN, Ligia Terezinha Lopes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6620574987436911; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6690-7244
The number of people affected by some mental disorder is increasing in the first decades of the 21st century. And with the COVID-19 pandemic, announced in March 2020, this situation gets worse. And, considering that work is seen as a source of illness, and that health professionals are on the front line of facing the pandemic; considering also the overcrowding of health services, we seeked to investigate, by the present work, which are the mental health problems faced by public servants in the hospital area. The focus of the research is the Santa Casa de Misericórdia do Pará Foundation, a public hospital that is a reference in maternal and child care, with availability of neonatal, pediatric and adult ICU beds. The general objective of the study is to analyze the issues that involve the health-disease process of these health professionals. To this end, the following specific objectives were defined: i) Identify the types of mental or behavioral disorders presented by the servers, in the period 2018/2021, in order to compare the two previous years with the two pandemic years; ii) check which preventive measures/actions in mental health the Foundation has adopted; iii) propose a mental health prevention guide, in electronic format, to be made available to civil servants. In the methodological course, the research method used is the Dialectic, with a quali-quanti approach and the techniques of direct and indirect documentation research.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Os servidores do sistema penitenciário e a luta pela saúde no contexto das instituições prisionais no Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-10-04) OLIVEIRA, Elainne Lobo Gonçalves de; OLIVEIRA, Paulo de Tarso Ribeiro de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9266787581530443
The worker's health can be understood as a concrete and dynamic condition of which the workers have to design and pursue their goals towards good physical, mental and social, conditions and organization being influenced of work in wich it inserted.This study aims at identifying and analyzing the work process within the prison system and how it may be influencing the modes of subjectification prison workers of Pará, which might cause psychological distress or Psychopathological disease. It constitutes a case study with a qualitative approach that has as a research tool the direct and participant observation with semi-structured interviews with selected prison servers. The analysis of the work process and the ways that may influence the modes of subjectification prison server , so that it stays healthy or sick, will be based on the interpretation of results that will be embodied in the data collected in the interview in the participant observation, in the listening and in the interpretation of the speech of the employees in accordance with the approach of the Psychodynamics of the Work. Listening and interpreting the speech of workers in the Recovery Center of Castanhal (“Centro de Recuperação Castanhal”) in accordance with the Psychodynamics of Work approach, a clinic that seeks to develop the field of mental health and work. The main results were: (I) that the prison conditions had inadequate and precarious infrastructure, requiring constant renovation, lack of equipment, insufficient human resources and prison overcrowding, which do not differ from the rest of the Brazilian prisons. (II) the observed working process is exhausting, due to insufficient human resources, heavy workload and exhaustive working hours in order to develop a good job even under the existing conditions. (III) the prison staff is vulnerable and exposed to psychological distress by the working conditions, by type of temporary employment contract that the vast majority has; by the stigma and devaluation present in this type of work. To stay healthy in the face of environmental threats, they use defensive strategies, such as subjective exclusion, in which the servant stops thinking and talking about work. (IV) Seen in this light on the condition and dynamics of work I see optimism on the part of servants, as to the possibility of constructing a process of occupational health in the Brazilian prison system, believing in the implementation of viable policies for the prison system, providing the worker better health conditions.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O Sofrimento negado: trabalho, saúde/doença, prazer e sofrimento dos trabalhadores do alumínio do Pará - Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011) NOGUEIRA, Laura Soares Martins; ACEVEDO MARIN, Rosa Elizabeth; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0087693866786684
The aluminum industry in Brazilian Amazon comes from, among many factors, the State’s strategies, specially from militaries governments, to improve the development in this region. The mineral- metallurgic projects that have taken place in the north of the country were based on the modernization ideas for economic development for one region identified on the developmentistic discourse as “poor and historically forgotten”. Along more than twenty-five years, the aluminum industry in the state of Pará faced many changes, between these changes we distinguish the process of productive restructuration of work, that, by one side brought technological development and increase on the production, but on the other side, made decrease the opportunities of work, intensifying the “tercerization” in this area, making change the conditions and the relations of work. Based on denunciations connected with healthy problems with workers in aluminum industries in the region, made from ONG’s and workers’ associations, this study asks: how is developed the security- healthy of the workers on the productive restructuration on the aluminum production in the state of Pará and which impacts it has on subjectivity of the workers. Based on the theorical discussion of the Psychodynamics of work, the present study developed an qualitative research and interviewed 44 workers, their parents, worker’s delegates, technologists and administrations of one industry that produce primary aluminum. We realized also the documental analysis of many texts as: medical reports, worker’s CAT’s, as so many documents elaborated by this industry that gave elements to produce the stage of this research. To elaborate the analysis of the data research we utilize the qualitative analysis in studies about healthy by Minayo (2004), based on Dialectics-Hermeneutics. We observed the suffering of the workers with diseases or victim of accidents that lead us to interrupted lives, to abandoned and useless feelings, associated to organization of work and to the way how the administration of security and worker’s healthy are organized. In the process of productive restructuration of work, the Occupational Health paradigm to think about the relationship between health-disease and work, keeping the concept of “insecure act”, adds to blame the worker for his own accident or disease, incorporating to the discourse of the administration for the quality when they increase the value of the worker’s implications and engagement, emphasizing the individualistic and utilitarian perspective how is faced the workmanship in the time of flexible work. Seeking this point of view, worker’s security and healthy depends on the consciousness and the engagement of the worker with this subject, excluding the possibilities of analysis that consider the connection between the conditions and the organization of work and the risks of accidents so as the development of diseases by the workers. The suffering caused by the relation of the worker with the organization of work which make him to develop diseases is denied by the enterprises, by the healthy professionals and by the State and it is showed by the defense mechanisms utilized by the workers. Following the Workplace Psychodynamics analysis, to listen the workers, recognizing their suffering, can be the first step in the construction of changes in the field of work, capable to improve the search for healthy. The present study has the proposition to help to construct this way.