Navegando por CNPq "CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ECONOMIA::ECONOMIAS AGRARIA E DOS RECURSOS NATURAIS"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A dinâmica dos sistemas de produção praticados em uma unidade de conservação de uso direto na Amazônia - a Reserva Extrativista do Rio Cajari no estado do Amapá.
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2006-08-07) SOUSA, Walter Paixão de; FERREIRA, Laura Angélica; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3450720474559096
This project approaches an specific type of extractivism: the extractivism of Brazil Nut made in the Extractive Reserve of Cajari river in the Amapá State (RESEX/CA). This project is a continuation of researches made in 2000, having as a main focus the understanding of the dynamic production systems used in RESEX/CA. In This project can be noticed that the changes occurred in the systems in a period from 2000 to 2005,more than economic, the remain of agricultural practicing related to the Brazil Nut extraction are ruled for other / different factors. The historical relation between the forest use with the extractivism and agricultural is very complex, thats the reason it can not be valued only by an economical prism. The information demonstrates that the extraction production units are those which have the smaller economical performance, although, there is not a movement of the families in erase this system. In the opposite/ In despite of, the extraction type had not just being keeper, but had improved/razed representatively from 2000 to 2005, showing attraction of this type to the families in RESEX/CA. However, the agro extractive systems had grown also, showing that some families want to achieve a higher quality level of life trough agriculture. About a direct use of conservation unit, to this extractive reserve must be directed support action for small farmers nut to the RESEX/CA, with the purpose that them may have a decent life, without expending in different activitys but extraction.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Agrobiodivesificacion de playas y barreales y su función en la economia familiar ribereña de la Amazônia Peruana
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2005-07-14) RIOS ARÉVALO, Michelly; MCGRATH, David Gibbs; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4373475491613670
The present agrobiodiversidad at playas and barreales them of the Amazonian Peruvian it was studied in Muyuy, sector once three hours was located of Iquitos City, the Region Loreto capital. The objective of work was guided to measure the agrobiodiversidad in these expeditious environments and its contribution in the family riverside economy. Firstly, we see than the agricultural activity practiced at playas and barreales them it takes place through a role of production with cultivations of short vegetative period (rice, caupí, peanuts, etc.); this to decrease the risk provoked by the repiquetes or flooding new yearly cycle. Data in the crop years of 1999 and 2004, they allow identifying the establishment of 9 and 2 cultivations respectively, this variation is due to flooding different behavior; variation that at the same time the formation of different environments like playas and barreales them: heights, means, and basses. From now on, we see than optimal barreal environment for the production of rice, it was promoted with agricultural credits - 2004; this implicated logically the incursion varieties certified or overdue ( Inti, Ecoarroz, Jar, Capirona, and Amor 107 ), tender to a fast inundabilidad like the happened in the crop year 2004. The results evidence than communities SPC, ODN, TPZ, CON and DDM benefited with the credits and affected by the flooding, managed to rescue to 10 % of the production expected of rice; find farmers' cases of the communities here DDM and MAZ that used precocious varieties not promoted with credits like the Milagrito also they managed rescue of 50 to 60 % of production. The farmers that established caupí at playas managed to make good use of approximately 10 % of the hoped-for production. The flooding that affected the cultivations near to the period of harvest created propitious environments for nutrition and protection of some fishes and tortoises sorts, this at the same time increased factors or resources of use for the farmers; here, the work of fishing was executed so much for overall consumption and the commercialization for part of some cases found in the studied communities, the more representative like the family shows 11 than as from this work of fishing you got the 2,9% of recuperation on the basis of the profitable calculation from the established cultivations; and of tortoises' capture the 3,1%. It is concluded that the cultivations lost by flooding can be recovered in more significant percentages, if adequate handlings without altering the environments of production be used as it happens with the chemical application of agriculture.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Da fronteira à sustentabilidade?: o caso de Paragominas-PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-10-11) GALVÃO, Igor Maurício Freitas; ROCHA, Gilberto de Miranda; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2436176783315749
Paragominas has made a pole of the frontier expansion in the Amazon, experiencing a model of development guided by the search of economic growth along its History. This model has been featured by the expansion of economic fronts, notedly, the livestock activity and timber extraction, which generated an economic growth linked to social problems and environment degradation. Since the last decade of this century there have been changes on this case scenario, with alterations on the productive basis and meaningful improvements on the town's natural resources management. The "Paragominas Green Town Project", which started in 2008, is considered as a historic fact that traces the transition from the frontier economy to a sustainable development model. The current study demonstrate that the changes seen in the town happened before this historic fact and have occurred because of variations on the economic viability of the developed activities and/or for reasons due to the new global economy consumption pattern, as characteristics of a new Amazon frontier stage. On the new Paragominas frontier stage, despite the environmental and ecological dimensions growth, there remain the challenges of a promotion to a more democratic natural resources access, a better generated riches distribution and a better quality of life for its citizens, problems linked to the social dimension of a wider development process, that feature indeed, a model of sustainability.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O Dimensionamento das trajetórias tecnológicas de base agrária na Região Tocantina e suas implicações para o desenvolvimento local
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010-04-26) ROCHA, Enéas Nunes; COSTA, Francisco de Assis; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1820238947667908
The usual pattern of the rural capitalist development in Amazônia is based on the agricultural paradigm and on technologic employment paths, which are anchored to traditional institutions which reverts its favor to benefit of public politics for the rural segment expressed by the volume of credit accessed by these agents, while at the same time the usual pattern verified the existence of farming structures with a rationality opposite to those of the employer and with a different technological path, which participates with a representation of the rural production value, employing a larger volume of manpower and having a more efficient use of the resources at its disposal. The technological farming paths backed by the agro-forestry paradigm represented in the Tocantina Region as an alternative for sustainable development in the area and in this way, object and challenge the formation of public politics for the rural sector. So, development with social equity, ecological balance and economical efficiency in the Tocantina Region, would necessarily go through the incentives of technological procedures of farming and for changes in the institutional base that legalizes the current model.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Dinâmica da economia e das relações do trabalho da pesca artesanal no município de Santarém
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2009-04-28) MARTINS, Everaldo de Vasconcelos; CASTRO, Edna Maria Ramos de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4702941668727146; ALMEIDA, Oriana Trindade de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0325909843645279
The case study project presented here focuses on how they can explain the dynamics of economics and labor relations in the chain of fishing that occurs in the fishing communities of Ituqui and Tapará Coast, located in the municipality of Santarém-PA, where were interviewed and consulted key players who work in commercial production chain, from capture to the wholesale trade. After analysis and processing of data that were obtained in field work, we demonstrated how trade flows occur and labor relations in fishing communities studied. Fishing is an activity directed to the welfare and survival of fishermen and their families. The data were copied into tables, which is demonstrated the resourcefulness of the fishing activity in those communities, since the capture process, through direct marketing in the context of communities and acting on the mediator boats that interfere in the chain of the fishing trade in the municipality of Santarém. With the conclusion of the case study, it was possible to detect the relevant factors that influence the organizational level of communities through the entity hat represents them, considering the benefits set by government and other nongovernment entities, resulting in the binding of 100% of fishermen to the Fishermen Colony Z-20. Every fishermen interviewed is a signatory of the fishing agreements provided by them and consents to IBAMA. Register that 100% of fishermen of Ituqui fishing communities and Tapará Grande develop their activities using their own resources and depend on income solely derived from the fishing, which reinforces that in the period didn’t have fish they come to rely on unemployment insurance for the maintenance of family and to regain their boats and fishing gears for the next fishing season.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A dinâmica dos recursos comuns em Unidades de Conservação e Assentamentos Rurais no Amazonas: uma abordagem fuzzy set
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-04-30) COSTA, Francimara Souza da; RAVENA, Nírvia; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0486445417640290
Garret Hardin's theory titled "The Tragedy of the Commons " presents privatization and government control as a solution to avoid the depletion of natural resources. However, other authors have shown that resource users may have efficient ways of management, combining the use by man to nature conservation. This thesis examines the use of public resources for the Conservation and Sustainable Use of Rural Settlement Units, located in Madeira - Purus interfluve , the southern state of Amazonas region. The question that guided the research hypothesis was : Given the specificities Amazon and rules imposed by environmental and agricultural policies in the region, which conditions are presented as necessary and sufficient for good performance in the use of common resources ? The analysis was performed through the combination of three methods : the comparative method Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) , the method of institutional analysis Institutional Analysis and Development (IAD) Framework and fuzzy logic. Operationally, were considered as independent variables (X) the socio-economic, productive , environmental and institutional aspects, starting from the assumption that government programs for Units must show improvement in these indicators, in turn reflecting the good performance in the use of resources common (dependent variable Y) from this institutional design. The results confirmed the hypotheses, asserting that the good performance in the use of common resources, recommended by the criteria of sustainability can only be achieved by the combination of a satisfactory performance also in socio-economic, productive, institutional and environmental variables, presenting if these variables as individually necessary and jointly sufficient for the occurrence of this phenomenon.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Dinâmica dos sistemas de produção familiares da Ilha de Marajó: o caso do município de Cachoeira do Arari
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2005) BARBOSA, Tienne Milena Farias; VEIGA, Jonas Bastos da; TOURRAND, Jean-François; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8639491246142272; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6059507906010877
The traditional Amazonian is the Rivers Amazonian. It is a spacial and economic occupation standard very important for regional development. The empirical general space of this research is the Marajó Archipelago, part of the Rivers’ Amazonian. The Amazonian spacial organization has changed in the past years. This change contains a lot of dynamics about the agriculture productive systems and complex economic, social and ambient results. Many realized studies have produced different interpretations about the agriculture activities support in the brazilian and international Amazon. For example, some studies of cattlebreeding to the bovines and buffalo identify that this activity is not been practiced only in the big establishments, like in the past decades. The “pecuarização” process brought it into the little scale creation in familiar economy. This research approaches fundamentally which dynamics have been processed or formed in the municipality of Cachoeira do Arari, situated in Marajó Island-PA, specially from 1994 to 2004. The work was carried with peasant families from six communities (Bacuri, Camará, Caracará, Gurupá, Jabuti and Retiro Grande). The principal objective of this work was to characterize the socioeconomic dynamics occurred in the above period. The results of this study can subsidize future researches and public politics that seek the agriculture production support perspectives. It was used a methodology based in three important aspects: the production system diversity study; the photography through a typology of the production system dynamic study; and the movie through the typology evolution analysis. The identified types as results from the making up data were: subsistence, açaizeiro, abacaxizeiro, pecuaçaí, pecuarista and outrarenda. This study verified a great variation of production systems and identified different dynamics in proprieties, as well as the determining facts of viability of production systems and public policies demands.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Economia dos produtos florestais não-madeireiros no Estado do Amapá: sustentabilidade e desenvolvimento endógeno
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010-06-02) CARVALHO, Antonio Claudio Almeida de; COSTA, Francisco de Assis; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1820238947667908
The extractivism of native products, based on the sustainable explotation of non-timber forest products (NTFPs), is for sure one of the most consistent ecological alternatives, with respect to the conservation of the biodiversity and natural Amazonian forest cover. There is no doubts that there are systemic problems that represent barriers for the satisfactory development of this segment. The overflow production multiplier effect of the sectors in the extractivists supply chain of the Amazon is a preponderant variable that contributes for the low level of social and economical development of this region. Therefore, is imperative the theoretical analysis about the possibilities of development based in modern bases of that new capitalism that has been trying to perfect the economical mechanisms for the global sustainability. The Amap´a is the most preserved State Brazilian (97% of original forest) and 72% of its territory are areas legally protected. This work tries to identify contribution level that non-timber forest products, extracted from forest dwellers, has in the economy of State Amapá. The central method of analysis used in this work came from the model of matrix input-output, developed by Wassily Leontief. This analytical procedure has relevant prominence as practical instrument of analysis and economical planning. Besides of the analyses of programming of the sectorial economical growth, it is adapted to estimate by the multipliers effect, the impacts of the economical growth on the production, job and sectorial income of all economy. This main object of study are the analyses of the local productive arrangements of the non-timber forest products in the State of Amap´a, at both regional and local levels. The method developed by the Francisco de Assis Costa (Alpha Social Accounts - CS_) was used for construction of the matrix input-output, with base of progressive analytical procedures and through continuous aggregation of local data. The sector of the extractivism of non-timber forest products in the state of Amapá, with a GDP (Growth Domestic Product) of R$ 204 millionin in 2009, that represent 3,07% of total of GDP of the state of Amapá that is apparently small. Therefore, thit value is extremely significant when is analyzed the total GDP of the state of Amapá (R$ 6,65 billion) and that only 13,24% refers to the Productive Sector, while 86,77% refers for the Tertiary Sector.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Impactos do REDD em uma economia camponesa amazônica: uma análise baseada em eficiência reprodutiva
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-11-14) SILVA, Luiz Gonzaga Feijão da; COSTA, Francisco de Assis; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1820238947667908
This dissertation aims to analyze the potential impacts of REDD in the Amazon peasant economy, considering its production and reproduction. Consolidated as one of the oldest structures peasants of Brazil, the technological trajectory agroforestry (T2), studied in this research, has been managing sustainably, for centuries, the territories where it predominates in the Amazon. The peasants agents have an economy driven by a very specific rationality as its microeconomics and their relations with the capitalist market environment. Such peculiarities of the economy require more complex analyzes, disqualifying greatnesses socially established, especially lucre and income as a way to measure changes in these structures. The insertion of the monetary resources of REDD (monetary resources external the family production) have different impacts accordance with the reproductive patterns field that characterizes the family units, this pattern defined using essentially the greatnesses that meet the requirements of economic rationality of such structures: If h is converging to β, namely, for the crisis field, REDD will promote increased in potential investment short-term and production long-term. If h is converging to h ° = (2 * β) / (1 + β), namely, for the excitation investments field, resources REDD allowed the increase of the potential investment (already the highest among the fields) short-term and production long-term according to the age of the family. If h is converging to 1, namely, the comfort field, REDD cause long-term reduction of potential investment, h, production and increase the dependency of industrialized products which may compromise long-term the reproduction units in this field. The families that converge to the excitation field investments are mostly in the sample. Other result is the qualification of services provided by agents of agrarian Amazon, using the notion of technological paradigm behind the technological trajectories and of the % GHG emissions by technological trajectory, which would provide a fair and efficient criterion for a future REDD regime in Brazil and will assist in achieving your objective.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Os Fundamentos agrários do desenvolvimento da Região Tocantina
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2005) ROCHA, Enéas Nunes; COSTA, Francisco de Assis; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1820238947667908
The agrarian foundations of the development of the Tocantina Region are related to the form of occupation of the soil and as the regional several productive structures of the agrarian are articulated. The strategy of official economic intervention in the Tocantina Region privileged the great enterprises agroindustriais through financial and monetary incentives, generating, besides all, serious environmental problems, agrarian conflicts and desregionalization of the property of the money. The base of these productive structures is the property landowner, the salaried work of low qualification and the homogeneous production. The process of characterized development, then, for the exploration of the natural resources and for the monoculture, was not take in considerated other important aspects of the local development, the formation of human and social goods of the area and consequently they were not capable to improve the conditions of life of the population. As alternative to the concentrated and excludent model, are the rural structures, that using small units of land, family work, diversified production and capacity dealing with the natural resources in order not it to drive the lackness, they act in such a way that its efficiency is determined by the capacity of work of each family, its intern rationality defines, then, a way of performance, with high productivity in the Tocantina Region, being able to contribute with the employment growth and income, as well as with the development.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O Papel da pesca na eficiência reprodutiva dos ribeirinhos do baixo Tocantins: o caso do município de Mocajuba - PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-04-22) ALMEIDA, Inailde Corrêa de; COSTA, Francisco de Assis; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1820238947667908
This work aims to analyze the knowledge of traditional communities in natural resource management through its productive activity, fishing approach of Reproductive Efficiency and Technological Trajectories notion, and thus valuing local knowledge, coupled with their territoriality constitution, as issues crucial to the success of collective management as a basis for sustainable development. Knowing traditional with the assumptions of reproductive efficiency, enabling a rational process and inherent agents that build productive strategies, grounded in multispecies, especially in the use of space and technology, the main mitigating action to ensure the sustainability of human activity in context Amazon. Because this was a study of a more qualitative, were analyzed: a) the historical formation of the city of Mocajuba fishing in the region Lower Tocantins, the natural foundations of spatial scenarios prevailing in research and aspects of rationality and standards production and reproductive performance of economic agents. The results showed us that the rationality of reproductive efficiency has proven effective in the analysis, with the value found in h converging to 1, in other words, the field shows that fishing provides comfort to those in work, represented in the modus vivendi of the agent, to reflect its form of social interaction that same scenario in capitalist societies are constituted, markedly, by its social bases family intertwined in the construction and reconstruction of the natural environment to sustain strong relationships of solidarity and cooperation as its core brands. The configuration of social organization fishing emphasized the model of bipolar division, determined by age and sex, seated in the domestic hierarchy and relationship of human productive force. Technological developments occurred in the Lower Tocantins, affected the fishing, and based on new quirk space optimization fishing. In this sense, technological changes, show up, reducing the effective execution time, increase stamina and enhance the productive yield, without thinking unlink conservation agent. It was evident that the fisheries conducted in the study area, is multispecific, developed dynamically in the different fishing methods employed at each annual seasonal cycle applied in different habitats. Thus, we conclude this paper that the ecological consciousness of the peasant and the value of traditional knowledge is paramount for successful fishing, however, this knowledge is often overlooked by the environmental authorities, but should be considered and consulted so that they can support measures for effective management environment to thrive.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Programa Nacional de Produção e Uso de Biodiesel (PNPB) - possibilidades e limites do desenvolvimento econômico e da inclusão social para a agricultura familiar na Amazônia: o assentamento Calmaria II, Moju (PA)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2009-09-08) ANDRADE, Lucia Cristina Gama de; HURTIENNE, Thomas Peter; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7133222063843073
The concern with the environment from 70 years shows the necessity of replacing fossil fuels, and Brazil, as a world reference in the production and use of renewable sources of energy launched the National Program for Production and Use of Biodiesel (PNPB) in 2004 with the distinction of the stimulus to generate income through production and marketing of raw materials on family farms through the “Social Seal”, with will be granted to producers of biodiesel to acquire raw material from these farmers. The research addresses the production of oilseeds, namely the oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.). From the work of family farmers settled via the National Institute of Colonization and Agrarian Reform (INCRA) in the settlement Project (PA) Calmaria II, the municipally of Moju with continuous area to plantations Agropalma Company, organized in an association, have focused on the production and marketing of palm oil as a vector of income and also social inclusion. These fall through funding PRONAF from the Bank of Amazonian savis so check how it gives its inclusion and its consequent contribution to the development of the region, which still is far removed from the modernization of the field found in other regions of the country.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Território quilombola do Curiaú e área de proteção ambiental do Rio Curiaú: interpretações dos conflitos socioambientais pela economia ecológica
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2007-02-07) QUEIROZ, Silvaneide; ACEVEDO MARIN, Rosa Elizabeth; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0087693866786684
This research is based on a study of the existing social, economic, environmental and political relations within the Quilombola territory, Curiaú, located within the municipality of Macapá, state of Amapá. The objectives of this study were to analysis the regulations governing the system of communal (resource) use as adopted by Quilombola families, considering the existing conflicts within these territories in relation to the pressure on natural resources as a result of the interferences of institutions such as the state and the market. This study is primarily based on field study when fifty-five (55) questionnaires were administered during the period that extended from June to August, 2006. The presence of new resource use regulations governing lands occupied by the Quilombolas has contributed towards the overexploitation of resources available in some ecosystems. In relation to market forces and the enactment of environmental policies and government programmes, it was possible to observe changes in the regulations governing the system of communal resource use as adopted by Quilombola families. Finally, the study confirmed the need for strengthening the debate on communal use of natural resources and its importance for the maintenance and survival of Quilombola families in Curiaú.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Uso múltiplo dos recursos naturais da várzea por camponeses no Baixo Amazonas
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2004-12-20) SANTOS, Fernanda Carla Tavares da Costa; PONTE, Tereza Maria Ferreira Ximenes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7038744359388670
The strategy of the multiple use of natural resources in the Lower Amazon floodplain has suffered constant threat mainly in the last 70 years due to pressures resulting from changes in the regional market, as commercial crops, intensification of commercial fisheries and the expansion of extensive husbandry of cattle and buffalo. Faced with this problem, the thesis aims to analyze the adaptation responses of farmers to lowland environment according to access to land production factor, the influences of environment and landscape, and inclusion into the market in the floodplain of the Lower Amazon, Santarém in the period 1941 to 2002. Meet the adaptation responses of peasant communities in times of stress is extremely important to the ecosystem of the floodplains, to detect changes in the strategy of multiple use of natural resources. Data were collected in two rural communities in the sub-region Urucurituba, Lower Amazon, Santarém micro-region in western Pará State Communities of Piracãoera de Cima and Piracãoera de Baixo were selected because they have a high restinga; are relatively close to the urban center of Santarem, and produce annual crops in intensive system, as evidenced in previous research. Two groups of peasant families in accordance with the access to land, non-tenants and tenants. The sample consisted of 57 families accounted for 36% of the total population of both communities. According to this process, the sample was composed of 31 families, Non-Tenant, and Tenant 26. For further analysis was conducted stratifying families by production systems. Production systems were designated A, B and C, which showed the following characteristics: A Production System prioritizes animal husbandry, medium and large animals, among the multiple use of resources; Production System B: prioritizes agriculture, among multiple uses. In this system considers the families they create, or not, cattle, and the Production System C that gives priority to fisheries, agriculture and to a lesser extent. Based upon the participatory method, interviews the families were performed with the aid of a structured questionnaire and tested previously by Projeto Várzea/IPAM in Santarém, with adaptations proposed by Costa (1995) to reconstruct historically agriculture, fisheries, the establishment of large animals, and home garden. After analyzing the information obtained was conducted analysis of agricultural intensification, agricultural efficiency and the efficiency of production systems A, B and C in two farmer groups concluded that: The restriction to the production factor land did not condition that farmers would use the land more intensively. Families who rent land have no more intensive farming systems. Agricultural intensification has not negatively influenced in agricultural productivity over time, did not influence the efficiency of production, nor in the multiple use of resources. The intensification of agriculture did not influence the multiple use of resources, however, there was a redirection, allocation, of the labor-time, between fisheries and agriculture, the main productive activities, to keep the family household in operation. An activity frees labor-time as a form of investment to another productive activity. The financial resources obtained in fisheries aid in the acquisition of capital items needed for agriculture, industrial goods and to acquire the market for the family. On the other hand, income from agriculture to finance fishing in summer and winter with the acquisition of ice, food for fishing trips. Until the start farming, fishing remains a family with the acquisition of products to be consumed, and to acquire capital items. In summary, the peasants of the Lower Amazon floodplain follow the logic of profit, while protecting it from failure by themultiple use of resources through diversification of activities and products.