BDTD - Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações

URI Permanente desta comunidadehttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/2289

Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPA (BDTD). Sistema Eletrônico de Teses e Dissertações (TEDE). Projeto BDTD/UFPA e Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia (IBICT).

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise da ação cicatrizante dos extratos da folha, pecíolo e caule da Montrichardia linifera (Arruda) Schott in vitro
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2020-02-17) BASTOS, Aline Costa; YAMADA, Elizabeth Sumi; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7240314827308306; BASTOS, Gilmara de Nazareth Tavares; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2487879058181806
Chronic injuries affect a large portion of society, treatment for these patients has high financial costs and a result that is not satisfactory. Thus, the objective of this work was to investigate whether ethanolic extracts from the stem, petiole and leaf of Montrichardia linifera (Arruda) Schott have healing activity in vitro. For that, the identification of substance classes of the extracts was carried out by HPTLC, the analyzes of: cytotoxicity, in vitro healing, hematoxylin and eosin morphology and immunomarking for BrdU was also performed. This demonstrated the antioxidant activity and the presence of terpenes in the three extracts, and the presence of flavonoids and phenols in the leaf extract. A serial curve was performed with concentrations of 100 to 0.19 μg / ml of the extracts of the stem, petiole and leaf, in times of 24, 48 and 72h, and it did'n present cytotoxicity. From the cytotoxicity test, the concentrations of 0.78, 0.39; 0.19 μg/ml of the three extracts were chosen for the next tests. Thus, the control group in 6, 12 and 24 hours showed a lesion area of 82.08 ± 12.13, 56.14 ± 15.75, 34.34 ± 10.12%, respectively; while the extract of the stem showed lesion area, in the time of 6h, of 66.108 ± 23.85, 66.10 ± 13.13, 64.81 ± 20.42%, respectively; in 12h, 38.86 ± 20.66, 40.45 ± 14.64, 32.29 ± 16.62, respectively; in 24h, 13.48 ± 11.20, 10.67 ± 7.94, 10.15 ± 7.35%, respectively. The petiole extract showed a lesion area, in 6h, 74.02 ± 15.16%, 80.32 ± 22.50%, 75.56 ± 20.09%, respectively; at 12h, 38.86 ± 20.66, 46.79 ± 12.46, 40.98 ± 5.45%, respectively; in 24h, 13.48 ± 11.21, 27.33 ± 13.86, 12.40 ± 7.72%, respectively. The leaf extract, on the other hand, showed a lesion area, in the time of 6h, 73.08 ± 21.35, 72.91 ± 18.19, 67.84 ± 17.89%, respectively; in 12h, 48.76 ± 21.17, 48.02 ± 17.30, 44.54 ± 18.70%, respectively, in 24h, 24.59 ± 14.58, 26.07 ± 16 , 73, 23.75 ± 15.76%, respectively. There was no significant morphological change in hematoxylin and eosin staining. In the quantification of positive BrdU cells, the control group showed an average of 19.778 ± 3.80, while the groups treated with the extracts at concentrations of 0.78, 0.39, 0.19 μg/ml, for the extract of stem, demonstrated mean of 20.222 ± 1.855, 37.889 ± 7.407, 29.778 ± 4.521 positive BrdU cells, respectively, for petiole extract, mean of 20.222 ± 2.587, 20.444 ± 5.077, 24.889 ± 3.551 positive BrdU cells, respectively; for leaf extract, mean of 20,556 ± 3,504, 23,778 ± 5,974, 22,889 ± 3,1798 positive BrdU cells, respectively. Therefore, Montrichardia linifera stem and petiole extract, in small concentrations, demonstrated wound healing activity in vitro.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise da proteção de citocinas após exposição celular in vitro com os antígenos ML2478 e ML0840 do Mycobacterium leprae
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-09) MESSIAS, Ana Caroline Cunha; SALGADO, Claudio Guedes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2310734509396125; http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3961-7764
Diagnosis of oligosymptomatic leprosy cases may enable interventions to be performed before the onset of physical disabilities. However, because the diagnosis is still essentially clinical and the disease progresses slowly, there is difficulty in recognizing these cases, since the lesions are discreets and with subtle changes in sensitivity. Most of the time patients are diagnosed when they already have obvious clinical characteristics and/or physical disabilities. Thus, is necessary to develop laboratory tools that help in the early diagnosis of the disease. The cell immunity assay Whole Blood Assay (WBA) is a low-cost, easy-to-perform technique that provides conditions for antigen screening and is favored in areas where leprosy is endemic and may facilitate incorporation of a test into sites with less access to sophisticated laboratories. The objective of this study was to evaluate the cellular immune response after in vitro exposure of peripheral blood to Mycobacterium leprae antigens ML2478 and ML0840. Eighty-seven individuals were selected for quantitation the cytokines of Interferon-γ (IFN-γ), Interleukin (IL)-10, IL-17 and Transforming Growth Factor-β1 after exposure with specific M. leprae antigens by WBA for 24 hours. A total of 47 leprosy cases were evaluated distributed in: 6 tuberculoid and 14 borderline tuberculoid, 13 borderline lepromatous leprosy, 6 lepromatous leprosy; and 8 schoolchildren diagnosed with leprosy during the group active search strategy (oligosymptomatic cases in the clinical forms: 1 primary neural, 1 undetermined, 6 borderline tuberculoid). The remaining 47 individuals corresponded to 20 contacts, 13 healthy schoolchildren and 7 individuals with other skin diseases. The analysis of cytokines suggests the balance between IFN-γ and IL-10 may indicate individuals who are progressing to the Th2 pole. IL-17 and TGF-β1 may be used to follow-up individuals with similar response to leprosy cases. The production of IFN-γ, IL-10, IL-17 and TGF-β1 cytokines by stimulation with proteins ML2478 and ML0840 did not differ between healthy students and case students. And the cytokine IL-17 demonstrated higher production in cases attended at URE than in case students and individuals in control groups.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise de patógenos orais entre indivíduos portadores de câncer gástrico e indivíduos sem câncer
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-06) OLIVEIRA, Gyselle Ribeiro de Carvalho; BURBANO, Rommel Mario Rodriguéz; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4362051219348099; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4872-234X
The loss of teeth and lack of oral hygiene have been associated with the risk of developing gastric cancer in several populations evidenced in epidemiological studies. In this study, we quantitatively compared the proportion of oral pathogens in individuals with gastric cancer and individuals without cancer in a referral hospital in the city of Belém, Brazil. This study evaluated 192 patients with gastric cancer and 192 patients without cancer. Periodontal clinical examination was performed, and all individuals were submitted to the collection of salivary and dental biofilms. When comparing the median periodontal indexesin the gastric and cancer-free groups, it was statistically significant in the gastric cancer group compared to the probing depth of the periodontal pocket. Levels of bacterial DNA were observed in saliva and dental plaque, with a statistically significant difference between individuals with cancer and without neoplasia in all the bacteria surveyed. Significant relationships between biological agents and gastric cancer have been found in bacterial species that cause high rates of periodontal pathology and caries. The results suggest a different quantitative association in the presence of oral pathogens between individuals without cancer and patients with gastric cancer. As noted, it cannot be said that the bacteria present in the oral cavity increase the risk of gastric cancer or are aggravating factors of the disease. However, it is worth mentioning that, as it is part of the digestive system, the lack of care for the oral cavity can negatively affect the treatment of patients with gastric cancer.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise transcriptômica das linhagens celulares B103 e C6 expostas à ação do metilmercúrio
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-04) BONFIM, Laís Teixeira; FERREIRA, Wallax Augusto Silva Ferreira; OLIVEIRA, Edivaldo Herculano Correa de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/009400771470765; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6315-3352
The intensification of anthropogenic activities produces a high rate of environmental pollution, mainly in water bodies, where the contamination by metals has become an object of great interest, due to their inability to support such load. Mercury (Hg) is a naturally occurring metal that can be used in the manufacture of home products such as fluorescent lamps, fungicides, and germicides. The entry of Hg into the food chain occurs through the methylation of Hg2+ ions into MeHg. After methylation, Hg is considered highly toxic to humans, and among the main target organs of this intoxication we can mention the brain, since MeHg easily crosses the blood-brain barrier and can accumulate in different brain areas. It is known that, once in the CNS, MeHg can cause extensive cellular damage, such as DNA damage, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation and cell death in both neurons and glial cells. Thus, the objective of this study was to analyze the transcriptomic alterations of cell lines B103 and C6, derived from neuroblastoma and glioma of Rattus norvegicus, exposed to the action of methylmercury. For this, the expression microarray technique was used to evaluate the global profile of gene expression after 24h of MeHg exposure. Our results demonstrate that MeHg induces significant alterations in gene expression of the two cell lines evaluated. The alterations were more prominent in the C6 cell line, in which a greater amount of differentially expressed genes was observed. Among the genes differentially expressed of the B103 cells we can highlight the genes Cdc42se2 (log2 FC -4.055713), Dcx (log2 FC 3.618981) and 4930449C09Rik (log2 FC 3.5129156) at a concentration of 0.1 μM. As for the exposure of 2.8 μM, the genes with the highest FC were Crem (log2 FC -4.027875), Otoa (log2 FC 3.501512) and Dcx (log2 FC 3.423433). In addition to the abovementioned genes, the genes Trim14, Gm14169, Gm30871, Otoa and Dcx were shared between the two exposed groups. As for the C6 lineage, ten transcripts with FC above 3 (Aldh1l2, Dac1, Rps4l, Zbtb46, 6430573p05Rik, Tcf12, Awat2, Muc3, Dclre1b, Slc38a6) are highlighted. In the 6.3 μM treatment, only three genes were altered more than 3 times (Rps4l, Ankdr44 and 2610318N02Rik). It is also noteworthy that three genes were shared between treatments (Rps4l, Lamb 3 and Gm 41386).
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Atividade e expressão da metaloprotease GP63 nas espécies Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis e Leishmania (Viannia) brasiliensis
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-06) SOARES, Dara da Costa; SILVA, Edilene Oliveira da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7410116802190343; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6555-6868
The american cutaneous leishmaniasis (ATL) is a neglected tropical disease caused by protozoa of the genus Leishmania sp. In Brazil, Leishmania (L.) amazonensis and Leishmania (V.) braziliensis are the main pathogenic species. The different strains and species, as well as the immune response of the vertebrate host, are key points in the development of the disease and, consequently, in the different clinical manifestations caused by these protozoa such as localized cutaneous leishmaniasis (LCL), diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis (LCD) and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis (CML). Leishmania parasites have improved mechanisms with the ability to silence the microbicidal response of infected macrophages through the action of virulence factors such as glycoprotein 63 (GP63). This glycoprotein, which has a zinc- dependent catalytic site, is the main surface metalloprotease of Leishmania and is able to modulate the vertebrate host's immune response by cleaving a wide set of cytosolic substrates. However, due to the need to understand the role and involvement of GP63 in infection processes and different clinical manifestations, it is important to analyze how this molecule is present during these processes. In view of this, the hypothesis of this study is whether there is a difference in the expression of the virulence factor GP63 between two ATL-causing species, Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis and Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis, which cause different clinical manifestations. Therefore, the objective of this work was to analyze the expression and activity of GP63 in the species Leishmania (L.) amazonensis and Leishmania (V.) braziliensis, which are more relevant to the involvement of ATL. The activity of GP63 was analyzed using promastigote forms in the stationary phase (7 days of culture) and they were submitted to analysis of the proteolytic profile through DQ-gelatin (10μg / ml) in fluorimeter (VICTOR Multilabel Plate Reader X) with wavelength of 480-520 nm and by zymography gel containing 0.1% gelatin as substrate. The expression of GP63 was analyzed by Western blot using anti-GP63 antibody. The immunostaining and quantification of the GP63 protein were analyzed by indirect immunofluorescence. This work showed for the first time that the species Leishmania (L.) amazonensis shows greater expression of the glycoprotein 63 kDa compared to the species Leishmania (V.) braziliensis. The greater expression of this protease was also accompanied by an increase in gelatinolytic activity in the analyzed species. These results allow suggesting a correlation in the involvement of this virulence factor between the clinical manifestations that are caused by these two species analyzed in this work.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Atividade neuroprotetora do treinamento físico moderado contra os danos morfofuncionais cerebelares causados pelo consumo de etanol de forma intensa e episódica (Binge drinking) em ratos
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-09) VIEIRA, Kátia Lamarão; LIMA, Rafael Rodrigues; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3512648574555468; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1486-4013
Ethanol (EtOH) is a psychotropic drug, central nervous system (CNS) depressant, but widely encouraged and consumed by Brazilian society, as well as in much of the world, reflecting on a public health problem. In recent decades, teenagers have been practicing a very common practice, which is binge drinking. The harmful consumption of EtOH promotes, besides biopsychosocial alteration, the homeostatic imbalance that causes neurodegeneration and loss of function with motor disorders. In contrast, the practice of moderate physical training (MPT) has been recommended for the maintenance of physical and mental health, as well as prevention or minimization of the development of some diseases due to motor activity inducing plastic and dynamic changes in the CNS, in order to favor the neurogenesis, synaptogenesis and angiogenesis, besides contributing to the synaptic modulation. In view of the benefits of MPT, it was investigated the neuroprotective effects on motor, tissue and biochemical parameters in the cerebellum of rats exposed to binge-pattern EtOH from adolescence to adulthood. Forty male Wistar rats with 30 days old were used and divided into four groups, the control being sedentary animals and treated with distilled H2O; the trained, composed of animals exercised and treated with distilled H2O; EtOH, formed by sedentary animals and treated with doses of 3 g/kg/day EtOH, 20% (w/v); and Trained + EtOH, with exercised animals and treated with doses of 3 g/kg/day EtOH, 20% (w/v). The MPT protocol was performed on a rodent treadmill for 5 days for 4 weeks and binge-pattern EtOH doses were administered by intragastric gavage in the same weeks as the MPT. After this period, the animals were submitted to open field and beam walking behavioral tests. Then, they were euthanized for cerebellum collection, evaluating immunohistochemistry from the levels of trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), reduced glutathione (GSH), nitrite and lipid peroxidation (LPO); as well as Purkinje cell morphology (PC), the fraction of anti-synaptophysine (SYP) and anti-myelin basic protein (MBP) immunolabeled area. According to the result, EtOH caused severe oxidative stress and motor damage, but the execution of the MPT performed promoted neuroprotective effects in the rat cerebellum, among them, the modulation of oxidative biochemistry by the restoration of GSH levels. decreased LPO levels and increased TEAC, as well as preventing neuronal loss, synaptic vesicle damage (SYP) and myelin components (MBP). Therefore, MPT can be considered as a significant therapeutic strategy for the acquisition of redox homeostasis, avoiding oxidative biochemistry imbalance, as well as tissue and functional damage in the cerebellum of rats treated by binge pattern EtOH.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação antitumoral de amidas graxas derivadas de triglicerídeos de óleo de andiroba (Carapa guianensis aublet) em linhagem celular de glioma in vitro
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-06-26) SILVA, Nágila Monteiro da; OLIVEIRA, Fábio Rodrigues de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4538804050936779; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2761-3440; NASCIMENTO, José Luiz Martins do; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7216249286784978; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3647-9124
Glioma is a rare type of tumour, which acts on Nervous System in a very aggressive way, presents problems in its diagnosis, low effective treatments and survival time less than one year after diagnosis. Due to factors such as intratumoral cell variability, inefficient chemotherapy drugs, adaptive resistance development to the drugs and tumour recurrence after resection, the development of new drugs becomes necessary. In this sense, molecules analogues to endocannabinoids such as fatty amides are a good alternative, since scientific literature shows that they can act as antitumor agents through the interaction with the endocannabinoid system, which modulates many metabolic pathways related to cancer. In this work, two fatty amides synthetized from andiroba (Carapa guianensis aublet) using lipase from Candida antarctica-B (CAL-B) oil were tested aiming to evaluated its potential in the glioma treatment in vitro (C6). AGs reduced C6 cell viability in a dose dependent manner while were not toxic to normal glia cells. Both FAA1 and FAA2 caused apoptosis cell death and also loss of mitochondrial integrity probably by inhibiting PI3k/AKT pathway. Furthermore, FAAs were capable of reduce the C6 migratory potential. In conclusion FAAs have a promising potential to treat glioma-type brain cancer.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação do efeito citoprotetor do composto homeopático canova® em linhagem celular de rim de macaco verde africano (VERO) exposta ao fármaco dipirona sódica
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-03-01) BONFIM, Laís Teixeira; BAHIA, Marcelo de Oliveira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3219037174956649
Paracetamol, sodium dipyrone and ibuprofen are among the main medicines exempt from medical prescription available in pharmacies in Brazil. Sodium dipyrone is highlighted in the literature as one of the most commonly used drugs. Despite its wide use, our research group demonstrated that sodium dipyrone exerts genotoxic and cytotoxic effects. Therefore, studies with medicines that may provide protection or that ameliorate the possible damages caused by sodium dipyrone are very important. The homeopathic compound Canova® (CA) seems to be a good candidate for such purpose, since in combination with other drugs it seems to soften the side effects of such drugs. Therefore, the present work aims to evaluate the possible cytoprotective effect of CA on African green monkey kidney cell line (VERO) exposed to the drug sodium dipyrone using the comet, micronucleus, apoptosis and immunocytochemistry assays. Results obtained by the comet test showed that sodium dipyrone induces an increase in DNA damage index of the VERO line. However, when such cells were co-treated with CA at the three concentrations studied, a significant reduction in the ID was observed, indicating a possible antigenotoxic effect of CA. We observed in the apoptosis and necrosis assays that dipyrone induced an increase in the percentage of apoptosis in both 24 hours and 48 hours. However when the drug was associated with CA, a significant reduction in this effect was observed in the three concentrations of CA + dipyrone. Results on immunocytochemistry showed an increase in the expression of caspase 8 and cytochrome C when cells were exposed to dipyrone. On the other hand, co-treatment significantly reduced such effect. Expression of caspase 9 was also observed after dipyrone tratament, however, co-treatment did not reduce such effect. Therefore, in our experimental conditions CA acted as a cytoprotect agent against the damages induced by dipyrone.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação do efeito da fração lipídica extraída de Agaricus brasiliensis antioxidante e imunomoduladora in vitro e em modelo de sepse letal em murino
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-01) LIMA, Kely Campos Navegantes; MONTEIRO, Marta Chagas; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6710783324317390; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3328-5650
Sepsis is defined as a potentially fatal organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host immune response to an infection. During sepsis, dysregulation of the host response occurs with the excessive release of pro-inflammatory mediators, generation of reactive species with depletion of antioxidant defenses and cellular damage. As a result, the patient develops organ dysfunction. In this context, our group proposes the A.brasiliensis Lipid Fraction (FLAb) as a possible therapy for sepsis considering its immunomodulatory and systemic antioxidant activity in a murine sepsis model. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the activity of FLAb isolated in vitro and to evaluate the effect of treatment with FLAb alone or associated with the antibiotic ertapenem (F-Erta) on coagulation, antioxidant and immunomodulatory parameters in the lethal sepsis model in murine. For this, FLAb was kindly provided by Dr. Herta Dalla- Santa from UNICENTRO. In the present study, the antioxidant capacity of different concentrations of FLAb (1.25 and 5 μg/mL) was evaluated and in a RAW 264.7-Luc macrophage cell line, cytotoxicity, phagocytic capacity, nitric oxide, NF-κB activity and cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 were evaluated.The survival rates were analyzed 7 days in a model of CLP sepsis in swiss albino mice (Mus musculus), and treated with CLP+Salt (0.9%), CLP+FLAb (0.2mg/Kg), CLP+F-erta (0.2mg) /Kg; 30mg/Kg). For evaluation of on coagulation, antioxidant and immunomodulatory parameters, the mice were treated by 6 and/or 24h after CLP. In vitro, FLAb show antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity in both concentrations. In vivo, all CLP+Salt animals died within a maximum of 48 hours while the FLAb and F-Erta treated groups survived the 7 days. During this period, clinical parameters of these animals were evaluated, the septic animals treated with saline showed piloerection, with little active level of consciousness and most of the time they were stopped in the cage, some of them had ocular secretion. In addition, animals treated with saline showed significant weight loss, reduced water and feed consumption resulting in death. The FLAb and F-Erta groups were active, with normal appearance, with normal breathing and heart rate, in addition to consuming water and food within normal limits. In the inflammatory site, peritoneal cavity, the treatment with FLAb showed an anti-inflammatory effect, decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) and increased GSH antioxidant activity and protected from cell damage, maintaining neutrophil recruitment and nitric oxide levels (NO), reducing the bacterial load. Regarding coagulation parameters (platelet count, tp and ttpa), treatment with FLAb and F-Erta eliminated the bacterial load and protected the animals from tissue damage. In the liver, 6 hours after CLP the treatment with FLAb and F-ERTA was observed in the biochemical parameters protective effect, in addition, it presented immunomodulatory, antimicrobial and antioxidant activity preventing liver damage. In the parameters evaluated in the heart, the treatment with FLAb and F-ERTA after CLP protected the animals from cardiac damage through immunomodulatory, antimicrobial and antioxidant activity. In this sense, FLAb alone showed promise as a treatment and/or adjunct in sepsis, in addition to preventing organic dysfunction in septic animals.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação in vitro do potencial genotóxico e citotóxico do extrato do açaí (Euterpe oleracea) clarificado sobre a linhagem celular AGP01 (câncer gástrico)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-01) SANTOS, Thiago Souza; BAHIA, Marcelo de Oliveira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3219037174956649; BURBANO, Rommel Mario Rodríguez; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4362051219348099; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4872-234X
Açaí (Euterpe oleracea MART) is a fruit of great importance for the Amazon region in nutritional, cultural and socioeconomic terms. In recent years, açaí has been the subject of several studies due to its beneficial properties for health, including effects against tumor cells. Therefore, the present work aimed to evaluate in vitro the genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of the clarified extract of açaí juice in a human metastatic gastric cancer cell line (AGP01 cells). For comparison purposes, a non-transformed cell line of African green monkey renal epithelial cells (VERO cells) was used. The viability assay by resazurin reduction, the comet assay, the determination of cell death by differential fluorescent dyes and the wound healing migration assay were performed. A reduction in viability was observed only in the AGP01 line within 72h. There was no genotoxic damage or cell death (through apoptosis or necrosis) in any of the cell lines. However, açaí extract induced motility reduction in both cell lines. The reduction in cell viability and the induction of the anti-migratory effect in the AGP01 cell line opens perspectives for exploring the potential of Euterpe oleracea as an adjuvant in the treatment of gastric cancer.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação in vivo do potencial efeito protetor da prolactina contra danos causados pelo metilmercúrio
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-04) CUNHA, Lorena Araújo da; ROCHA, Carlos Alberto Machado da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5789536737681588; BURBANO, Rommel Mario Rodriguéz; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4362051219348099; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4872-234X
Biodegradable metals, such as mercury, accumulate in living organisms throughout their lives (bioaccumulation) and also in food webs (biomagnification), and can reach high concentrations in humans. Human contamination by mercury found in drinking water and food can be common, especially in riverine communities that depend on fish as their main source of protein. In vitro studies with human cell lines exposed to methylmercury showed that prolactin has cytoprotective properties against cytotoxic and mutagenic effects of this metal, and can act as a co-mitogenic factor and apoptosis inhibitor. The present study investigated, in vivo, the protective potential of prolactin against the toxic effects of methylmercury in mammals, using the mouse (Mus musculus) as a model. Biomarkers of genotoxicity (comet assay and micronucleus test) and oxidative stress (lipid peroxidation and activity of CAT and SOD enzymes), together with histological (in liver, kidney and brain tissue samples) and biochemical (renal and hepatic and measurement of Hg and PRL in the blood), were used to verify the protective potential of prolactin in mice exposed to methylmercury. It was observed, in a more expressive way, a reduction in the alterations of the renal and hepatic biochemical parameters and of the mutagenic effects in the presence of prolactin, in comparison with the isolated effects of the metal. When prolactin was used together with the metal, a decrease in histological damage and an increase in SOD enzyme activity were also observed. The study results indicate that prolactin has protective effects against toxic impacts of methylmercury.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A base molecular das adaptações visuais nos genes das opsinas de Anableps anableps e Phreatobius cisternarum através da análise de transcriptoma
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-03-14) MARILUZ, Bertha Ruth Zelada; SCHNEIDER, Patrícia Neiva Coelho; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9584217233879031
Although vertebrate eyes share the same general organization, many species have developed specializations that improve their visual perception of the environment. These specializations are often reflected in a variety of visual adaptations that involve changes in visual sensitivity, which in turn can be modulated by the variation on the photoreceptors number, by altering the visual pigments or by combining both mechanisms. In the case of adaptive changes in the pigments, these may occur due to structural differences in the pattern of expression and the repertoire amount of the opsin genes family. However, there is no much information regarding adaptive changes on visual pigments over different luminosity on aquatic environments. This research aims to evaluate the molecular basis of the visual adaptations in the opsin genes from Anableps anableps and Phreatobius cisternarum, species present in environments with different light conditions, the first one from a surface environment and the second one from an underground habitat, through transcriptome analysis. This investigation comprises two chapters. The first chapter comprises the studies of the Anableps anableps specie. We combined the analysis of RNA-Seq and in situ hybridization of the eye tissue of this specie aiming to understand them visual adaptations to the aerial-aquatic environment. RNA-Seq data from the eye exhibited a repertoire of 20 non-visual opsin genes, which reflects the environmental heterogeneity these species lives. Likewise, comparative analyzes in protein coding sequences of the opsins allowed the identification of six opsins presenting the typical amino acid motifs of C-type and nine of Group 4, conserved among themselves. In situ hybridization studies on the retina showed asymmetric expression of these non-visual opsins at different stages, as well as during the ocular development. The second chapter presents the studies of the Phreatobius cisternarum specie. We combine histological, molecular and RNA-Seq analyzes to understand the visual and sensorial adaptations of P. cisternarum to the phreatic environment. RNA-Seq data from P. cisternarum head revealed a repertoire of eleven opsin genes, three visual opsins and eight non-visual opsins. Two visual opsins, rh1 and lws, presented amino acid substitutions that potentially contributed to the red and blue shift, respectively. Our histological analysis showed the presence of a rudimentary retina, while the RNA-Seq analysis identified the expression of 38 genes related to the lens fiber cells and 51 genes related to the retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE), indicating that the reduced eyes of P. cisternarum retained some lens structures. The extra-retinal expression of opn4m3 is possibly associated with the peripheral clock regulation. Furthermore, the presence of potential opsin pseudogenes would be regulated by a small retina exposed to a low-light environment. The chapters introduce and provide an overview of the investigation on opsins amino acid substitutions, changes on expression patterns and opsin repertoire size (duplication and pseudogenization), and how these could contribute to the shift in spectral sensitivity and finally visual adaptation of A. anableps and P. cisternarum to their peculiar environment. The present study provides fundamental evidence for the understanding of the adaptive molecular basis in the opsin genes to subterranean and aerial-aquatic environments, in the species P. cisternarum and A. anableps.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Caracterização química, avaliação da toxicidade oral aguda e da atividade antinociceptiva do extrato metanólico das folhas de Montrichardia linifera (Arruda) Schott
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-08) COSTA, Wellington Junior Taisho Nagahama; AMARANTE, Cristine Bastos do; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4101983776191966; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8602-8180; BASTOS, Gilmara de Nazareth Tavares; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2487879058181806
Background: Montrichardia linifera (Arruda) Schott is popularly known as “aninga”, “aningaçu”, “aningaíba” and “aninga-do-igapó”. The compresses and plasters from the leaves of the medicinal plant are used to treat abscesses, tumors and pain caused by stingray stings. Aim of the study: The study aimed to investigate the antinociceptive potential of the methanolic extract of Montrichardia linifera leaves (MEMLL), as well as carry out chemical characterization and acute oral toxicity. Materials and methods: The leaves were collected during the rainy season and the methanolic extract was obtained after gradient extraction in different solvents. The MEMLL was analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR). The evaluation of the acute oral toxicity test was used to observe the presence of toxic substances. Subsequently, acetic acid, hot plate and formalin tests were used to evaluate the analgesic effects. Results: The HPLC fingerprint analysis allowed the identification of rutin, quercetin and epicatechin. The analysis of NMR spectra identified rutin and quercetin, as well as the flavonoids luteolin and chrysoeriol. The MEMLL did not demonstrate effects considered toxic. In the acetic acid test, the MEMLL inhibited peripheral pain by 51.46% (p < 0.05) at a dose of 50 mg/kg and 75.08% (p < 0.001) at a dose of 100 mg/kg. The hot plate test evaluated the latency time of animals, demonstrating central activity at 30 and 60 min increasing by 164.43% (p < 0.01) and 122.95% (p < 0.05) at a dose of 50 mg /kg and 162.62% (p < 0.01) and 136.68% (p < 0.05) at a dose of 100 mg/kg. The formalin test evaluated the central and peripheral antinociceptive effect of the MEMLL. In the neurogenic phase, a reduction of 35.25% (p < 0.05) at a dose of 50 mg/kg and 52.30% (p < 0.01) at a dose of 100 mg/kg. In inflammatory pain, a reduction of 66.39% (p < 0.0001) and 72.15% (p < 0.0001) was observed. Conclusion: The antinociceptive activity supports its ethnopharmacological use. This analgesic effect is probably associated with the identified flavonoids, all of which have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive properties. Furthermore, the MEMLL was non-toxic.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Dimorfismo sexual da espessura da retina: uma análise de aprendizagem de máquina
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-03) FARIAS, Flavia Monteiro; SALOMÃO, Railson Cruz; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9518575270670446; SOUZA, Givago da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5705421011644718; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4525-3971
The present research compared the accuracy of machine learning algorithms in classifying the thickness and volume measurements of retinal layers as obtained from male and female subjects. The study evaluated the retina of sixty-four healthy participants (38 women and 26 men), with normal vision and without eye or systemic diseases, aged between 20 and 40 years. The data acquisition was obtained with a Spectralis HRA+OCT tomograph in the macular region of the retina and its layers: retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), ganglion cell layer (GCL), inner plexiform layer (IPL), inner nuclear layer (INL), outer plexiform layer (OPL), outer nuclear layer (ONL), retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), inner retina (IRL) and outer retina (ORL). The classification accuracy was obtained with the following algorithms: support vector classifier (SVC), logistic regression (LR), linear discriminant analyses (LDA), k-nearest neighbors (kNN), decision tree (DT), gaussian naive bayes (GNB) and random forest (RF). The characteristics attributed to each participant's samples were the thickness values in the nine regions of the macula plus the total macular volume of each retinal layer. The statistical tests Two-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD post-hoc were used in the statistical comparisons between the accuracies for the classifier and retinal layer variables, considering a significance level of < 0.05. All factors (classifier, retinal layer, and their interactions) had significant influences on accuracy (p < 0.05). The main effect of the algorithm type factor resulted in an F ratio of F (6, 630) = 4.527, p = 0.0002. The main effect for the retinal layer produced an F ratio of F (9, 630) = 51.64 and p < 0.0001. The interaction effect was also significant, F(54, 630) = 1.741, p = 0.0012. All algorithms classified with high accuracy (> 0.70) the innermost layers of the retina (total retina, inner retina, RNFL, GCL, INL) according to the gender of the participants, where we observed significant differences between genders in thickness and measurements volume. The SVC, LDA, and LR algorithms produced high accuracy (>0.70) when thickness and volume data came from the RNFL compared to the outermost layers of the retina. The KNN, RF and DT algorithms performed better in correctly classifying the total retina data in relation to the outermost layers. The thickness and volume of the retina and the innermost layers of the retina allow machine learning algorithms to be more accurate in separating data from different sexes.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Dinâmica de sucção disfuncional em lactentes com anquiloglossia
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-11) CUNHA, Bruna Mendes Lourenço; SILVA FILHO, Manoel da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2032152778116209
Introduction: Breastfeeding is widely recommended as an exclusive diet until 6 months of age and continued until two years or more. Its benefits are numerous and proven, including improving the immune system, a nutrient-rich diet and craniofacial development from the sucking movement. However, not all babies are able to breastfeed due to some difficulties, with ankyloglossia. Known as tongue tie, it can restrict tongue movements, making breastfeeding difficult and, in some cases, being responsible for early weaning. Objective: Compare infant suction in babies with and without ankyloglossia using a microprocessor-controlled pressure sensor coupled to a pacifier. Method: Fifty-five infants from 0 to 2 months of age underwent clinical examination for ankyloglossia, after which they were offered a silicone pacifier connected to the pressure acquisition device and suction activity was recorded. Thus, we extracted the frequency of sucks within a burst, the average suck duration, the burst duration, the number of sucks per burst, the maximum amplitude of sucks per burst and the inter-burst interval. Results: The key difference in newborns with ankyloglossia in relation to control was that they perform longer bursts of suction activity. Conclusion: The longer burst durations are likely a compensatory strategy and may underlie the pain reported by mothers during breastfeeding. We therefore propose a method for objectively quantifying some parameters of infant suction capacity and demonstrate its use in assisting the evaluation of ankyloglossia.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Efeito do óleo da espécie vegetal Caryocar villosum em linhagem de células vero in vitro
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-08) LOPES, Izabella Carla Silva; NASCIMENTO, José Luiz Martins do; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7216249286784978; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3647-9124
Fibroblasts are cells that participate in different processes in the body, being indispensable in the development and homeostasis of tissues. They are important agents in the healing process, being present in the inflammatory, proliferative and remodeling phases. These cells produce biomolecules that constitute the extracellular matrix, such as collagen, which provide the necessary support for healthy healing. However, healing is a complex process, and it is proneto failure, so it´s important to investigate therapeutic alternatives to produce more effective treatments in cases where natural healing is not effective. Natural products from plants are widely used as therapeutic forms for healing considering their lower side effects, low cost, this combined with traditional knowledge makes it attractive to studies that prioritize valuing biodiversity. Caryocar villosum (Cv), a fruit native to the Amazon region, is a remarkable source of bioactive compounds with therapeutic potential that has cosmetic and pharmaceutical applications. In this work, the action of Cv oil (CvO) on VERO cell line (fibroblast-like cells)was investigated. The cells were treated with 75, 125 and 250 μg/mL for 24 hours. Cytotoxicity assays, optical microscopy, cell proliferation, morphological analysis, and analysis of extracellular matrix components, such as phalloidin staining and immunofluorescence for type III collagen antibody, were performed. Any cytotoxicity was observed in the cells after CvOtreatment. CvO treatment induced morphological and physiological changes in the cells indicating cell activation. Fluorescence microscopy revealed greater cell spreading, rearrangement of actin filaments and increased cell surface exposure compared to untreated cells. Furthermore, this study suggests that fibroblasts treated with CvO are activated through cytoskeletal rearrangement, increasing cell surface, proliferating, and increasing collagen synthesis. These findings indicate that CvO may be a good therapeutic strategy from biodiversity to stimulate the healing process.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estudo sobre o crescimento do tambaqui (Colossoma macropomom) submetido à dieta suplementada com camu camu (Myrciaria dubia) em água corrente e aquecida
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-09) CANTO, Miguel Angelo de Oliveira; SALGADO, Claudio Guedes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9601463988942971; DINIZ, Domingos Luiz Wanderley Picanço; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9601463988942971
This study investigated the growth of the tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) (Cm), an caracid teleost in the Amazon region, in the laboratory. Juvenile fish were submitted to the simulation of the natural conditions of feeding, climate and running water, corresponding to the flood and dry periods of the Amazonian hydrological cycle. In the flood, its diet is predominant of fruits and seeds, the environment is mild (28 ± 2°C) and the current is higher (0.2 to 0.3 m/s). In drought, the feed is based on animal protein, there is no current and the average temperature rises (34 ± 2°C). Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Myrciaria dubia (Md) on the growth of Cm in the drought or flood simulations with respect to the mild (28 ° C) or heated (34 ° C), standing or running water (0,2 or 0.3m/s), and diet with higher (45%) or lower (32%) crude protein (CP) content. For this, juveniles of Cm were acclimatized (70 or 126 days) in tanks of (310 or 500 liters) according to the experimental protocol. Protocol I: diet with fractioned daily supply (3x/day) and supplemented with Md; crude protein (45 or 32%); running water (0.2 m/s) or stopped at 28 or 34°C; analysis of muscle contents of IGF1 and total lipids. protocol II: single or fractioned offer (3x / day); standing or running water (0.3 m/s), intercalated, (12 hours) or continuous; quantification of the cavity fat mass. The results are presented on average plus or minus the standard error of the mean and compared by ANOVA plus Bonferrone post-test. Correlation test for weight, length or cavity fat versus running water; in the conditions of single or fractional supply was performed to verify interrelations between the phenomena studied. A potentiation of body mass expansion rather than length occurred by the diet supplemented with Md in standing and heated water. In contrast similar potentiation occurred for running and heated water in the 45% CP diet. In turn, lower growth performance (weight and length) was observed in the group submitted to a 32% CP diet. The running water also potentiated the accumulation of cavitary and muscular fat of total lipids, suggesting that the swimming effort demands accumulation of potential energy possibly related to the preservation of protein anabolism, since the protein content in the muscle tissue was not altered. On the other hand, the single daily supply of food was not enough to maintain the resulting growth performance to sustained swimming (running water). In the fractioned supply, the group submitted to continuous running water showed the best performance, suggesting that sustained swimming in running water may be a determinant factor for the growth of Cm if it is offered a diet with high protein content, considering the warm environment as the most favorable. Finally, the increased IGF-1 content in the muscle confirms the participation of this growth factor as the final pathway of humoral regulation of muscle hypertrophy. Hypertrophy results in increased swimming effort, and, surprisingly, in response to diet supplemented by Md.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estudos citogenéticos e moleculares nos gêneros Mesomys e Lonchothrix (Rodentia, Echimyidae, Eumysopinae)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-08-29) OLIVEIRA, Leony Dias de; SILVA, Willam Oliveira da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0903402972891613; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3125-1075; NAGAMACHI, Cleusa Yoshiko; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8887641213110093; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1516-2734
The Echimyidae family is considered the most taxonomically diverse among South American hystricognathi rodents, comprising 25 genera and 93 species. The subfamily Eumysopinae is represented by nine genera, among which we highlight the arboreal genera Mesomys, which has four recognized species, and Lonchothrix described as monotypic (L. emiliae), both distributed in the Amazon. Morphological, molecular and chromosomal studies in the genera Mesomys and Lonchothrix have contributed to a better understanding of taxonomic design, phylogenetic relationships and karyotypic patterns. Recent molecular investigations have shown an as yet undescribed diversity, suggesting that these taxa are even more diverse than previously assumed. Furthermore, the limits of geographic distribution in the Amazon for the species M. hispidus and M. stimulax have been questioned by some authors. In this sense, the current study sought to investigate the karyotypic diversity and the geographic limits of the Mesomys and Lonchothrix genera, based on classical and molecular cytogenetic analysis and through sequences of the mitochondrial genes Cytochrome b (Cytb) and Cytochrome Oxidase - Subunit I (COI) from different locations in the Brazilian Amazon. The species M. stimulax and Mesomys sp. n. presented 2n=60/NF=110, while M. hispidus presented 2n=60/NF=112 and Lonchothrix emiliae presented 2n=66/NF=126, both unpublished karyotypes for the genera. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed Mesomys and Lonchothrix as sister genera and showed a high intraspecific rate in M. hispidus and Mesomys sp. n. from Itaituba, may be related to a new lineage in the genus Mesomys.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Expressão gênica durante o desenvolvimento ocular e regulação de assimetria de opsinas na espécie Anableps anableps, peixe de quatro olhos
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-11) SOUSA, Daniele Salgado de; SCHNEIDER, Patrícia Neiva Coelho; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9584217233879031
The ocular development is a complex process orchestrated by several events that include: cell specification, morphogenesis and differentiation. All these developmental and functional processes are extremely conserved among living vertebrate species, however, unique adaptations are sometimes observed, such as in fish of the genus Anableps. Unlike most fishes, which use their eyes to explore a submerged world, in Anableps anableps (Anablepidae: Cyprinodontiformes), the eye is adapted for the simultaneous perception of a world above and below the water line. These exceptional adaptations include: duplicated corneas and pupils, as well as a specialized retina region associated with simultaneous aerial and aquatic vision, and which have asymmetrical gene expression. Recently, by transcriptomic analysis of the developing eyes of A. anableps, 20 non-visual opsin genes were identified to be asymmetrically expressed between pre- and post-duplication stages of corneas and pupils. Thus, here, we analyzed by in situ hybridization the gene expression of a bistable opsin (parapinopsin) and a neuropsin (Opn5) in A. anableps larvae. Our data showed that the pattern of gene expression of these opsins is symmetrical between the dorsal and ventral retina, respectively, with expression in the ONL, INL and GCL layers. We also investigated the expression of three non-visual melanopsin genes (opn4x1, opn4x2, opn4m3), one eleost multiple tissue opsin (tmt1b), and two visual opsins (lws and rh2-1) in the dorsal and ventral retinas of juvenile A. anableps, after changing the photic conditions in which the juvenile fish were. Then, we showed that in the transition from an environment of high turbidity to one of clear water, opsins have their expression patterns changed. Additionally, by immunofluorescence, we revealed the expression of Lamin A/C, proteins expressed as part of eye development in A. anableps as well as in other developing organisms, as well as in adult individuals. Therefore, we believe that the information described here elucidates many aspects of the molecular mechanisms behind the development and adaptive plasticity of A. anableps’ eyes.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O extrato aquoso de Coriandrum sativum L. promove neuroproteção contra alterações motoras e danos oxidativos na progênie de ratas expostas ao metilmercúrio
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2020-01) RODRIGUES, Keuri Eleutério; PRADO, Alejandro Ferraz do; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7016475842644161; NASCIMENTO, José Luiz Martins do; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7216249286784978; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3647-9124
This study aimed to investigate the efects of Coriandrum sativum aqueous extract (EACS) on the rat progeny of mothers exposed to methylmercury (MeHg). The presence of bioactive compounds and EACS's antioxidant capacity been evaluated, and the spring were assessed for their total mercury levels, motor behavioral parameters and oxidative stress in the cerebellum. The analysis of the bioactive compounds revealed significant amounts of polyphenols, flavonoids, and anthocyanins, as well as a variety of minerals. A DPPH test showed the EACS had important antioxidant activity. The MeHg + EACS group performed significantly better spontaneous locomotor activity, palmar grip strength, balance, and motor coordination in behavioral tests compared the MeHg group, as well as in the parameters of oxidative stress, with similar results to those of the control group. The MeHg + EACS group alsohad significantly reduced mercury levels in comparison to the MeHg group. Based on the behavioral tests, which detected large locomotor, balance, and coordination improvements, as well as a reduction in oxidative stress, we conclude that EACS had positive functional results in the spring of rats exposed to MeHg.