Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oncologia e Ciências Médicas - PPGOCM/NPO
URI Permanente desta comunidadehttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/4631
O Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oncologia e Ciências Médicas (PPGOCM) integra o Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia (NPO) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA). Trata-se do único centro de referência em pesquisa e formação de recursos humanos stricto sensu na área de oncologia na região Norte do Brasil. Os outros centros se concentram nas cidades do Rio de Janeiro e São Paulo.
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Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Efeitos do consumo de água de pH alcalino em pacientes com gastrite e correlação com marcadores epigenéticos relacionados com a inflamação(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-10-10) CHAVES, Juliana Ramos; KHAYAT, André Salim; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6305099258051586In the carcinogenesis of gastric cancer, the stages usually manifest clinically as gastritis, gastric atrophy, ulcerations, intestinal metaplasia, dysplasia and finally, as malignant neoplasia. The association between gastric cancer and diet is already widely described in the literature and several studies have demonstrated the influence of food intake with preservatives and with high concentration of nitrates and salt, with the development of this neoplasia. Regarding water consumption, there’s no relevant evidences. The pH of most of the water sold in the metropolitan área of Belem does not match the standarts recommended by the govermnment Health department, being more acidic. Thus, the benefits of both healthy eating and alkaline water consumption are object of several discussions. Nowadays the other types of markers that can aid the detection of pre-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions will be hosted. Among them, find themselves as epigenetic proteins. Environmental factors such as diet, inflammation and infection have been excluded as contributors to epigenetic changes. Hence, the present work intends to provide evidence that only the water pH modification is able to lead the variations the expressions pattern of miRNAs, associated with a first stage of gastric carcinogenesis, a gastritis. For this it was applied the microRNAs miR-7, mir-155, mir-29c and mir-135b, in 28 patients porters of gastritis that were burned to digestive endoscopy alkaline PH. After collection, the RNA from the samples was extracted, and the complementary tape DNA (cDNA) was obtained. The cDNAs were submitted to qPCR amplification analysis for analysis of miRNA expression. They assessment were using the Biostat and Stata 11.0 programs, being statistically superior to values of p <0.05. Comparing the levels of expression and clinical evaluation of gastritis by EDA before and after alkaline water consumption, the results demonstrated that there was a increasing of the target microRNAs, of miR-7 (p = 0.09), miR155 (p = 0.13), miR-29c (p =0.21) and miR-135b(p=0.19). On the other hand, it was possible to observe a significant endoscopic improvement of the gastritis (p=0.024), demonstrating the clinical benefit of alkaline water intake.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Estudo da resposta terapêutica e prognóstico de pacientes com diagnóstico de leucemia linfóide aguda com fusões gênicas em um hospital de referência do Pará(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-07-31) PANTOJA, Laudreísa da Costa; KHAYAT, André Salim; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6305099258051586Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) is the main neoplasia that affects children and adolescents, accounting for 25% of all types of cancer in the age group. It is a hematopoietic system neoplasia. and can be classified by several types of cell morphology, immunophenotyping, cytogenetic and molecular biology. Despite advances in treatment, up to a quarter of patients with ALL are still relapsed, and are associated with recurrent genetic conditions. In recent years, intensive efforts have been devoted to identifying the genetic factors that contribute to a leukemogenesis, influence a response to treatment and which are applied in the clinic as new prognostic tools and/or as new therapeutic targets. In this sense, this project aims to evaluate the therapeutic response and prognosis of patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia carriers of the main genetic fusions that are believed to play an important role in the diagnosis, prognosis and targeting of therapeutic actions of ALL, such as a TCF3-PBX1, MLL-AF4, BCR-ABL, TEL-AML1 and SIL-TAL, in pediatric patients at a referral center in the State of Pará. Material and Methods: Bone marrow and peripheral blood samples were extracted from 55 patients from 0 to 18 years, with ALL, which were also submitted to data collection. Their samples were submitted to RT-PCR technique to investigate the main fusions found in leukemias. Results: Patients older than 10 years were more refractory to treatment than the other patients (p=0.017). The initial leukometry presented a mean of 92.235 leukocytes and 35.3% presented leukometry greater than 50.000, being a higher risk factor (p=0.000) and present other factors of poor prognosis as age group (p= 0.004) and Egil classification of ALL T (p= 0.001). The frequency of fusions was BCRABL-11%; MLL-AF4 = 3.6%; TEL-AML1 - 7.2%, E2A-PBX1 - 21.8% and SIL-TAL 5.4%. Patients with TEL-AML1 fusion were mostly HR (p=0.026, OR= 0.82 e IC= 0.68– 0.99), those with MLL-AF4 presented a relative risk for death of 1.33, and all died (p=0.019), those with SIL-TAL had an unfavorable age at diagnosis (greater than or equal to 10 years) (p=0.017) and initial leukometry greater than 50.000 (p=0.039). The refractoriness of the initial treatment was 9%, recurrence 18% and death 14.5%, not being significantly associated with gender, age, leukocyte count at diagnosis, cell line or presence of fusions in this limited number of patients, except for the MLL-AF4 fusion that presented a death chance ratio of 1.33 (p = 0.019) and all pacients died. Conclusion: The population studied has a worse prognosis even in those patients with favorable genetic characteristics such as TEL-AML1 fusion. The frequency of fusions in this research was high, and associated with other prognostic factors such as age greater than 10 years and initial hyperleukocytosis contributed to a worse prognosis and decrease of the therapeutic response and in addition, MLL-AF4 fusion in infants alone presented a high risk for death. The outcomes in children with ALL may be a reflection of health care conditions, socioeconomic status, and other associated genetic factors.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Expressão imunofenotípica da PD-1 e PD-L1 em adenocarcinoma gástrico de pacientes atendidos no Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-08-31) CANELAS, Érika Thaiane Couto; DEMACHKI, Samia; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7568391537270652Gastric cancer is the third leading cause of cancer-related death in both genders, and at an advanced stage the prognosis has been unfavorable. Human tumors are prone to escape from immunovigilance, and one of the axes involved in this scenario is PD-1, a receptor expressed on the surface of cells, and its PD-L1 linker, which have already been detected in samples from gastric adenocarcinoma. This study aimed to characterize the immunophenotypic expression of PD-1 and PD-L1 proteins in tissue adjacent to the tumor, primary gastric adenocarcinoma tissue, associated with clinicopathological and demographic findings from patients attending at University Hospital João de Barros Barreto since 2008 to 2016. We selected 92 samples from patients with gastric adenocarcinoma and 55 tissue samples adjacent to the tumor. Tissue microarrays (TMA) were constructed and automated immunostaining was performed (GX Ventana - Roche ®) for PD-1 and PD-L-1. The immunoreactivity for PD-L1 in tumor cells was observed in 8 cases (8.7%), all of them of intestinal histological type of Láuren and advanced staging, presenting, in the most, grade II of differentiation. Whereas cytoplasmic immunoreactivity for PD-1 in the lymphocyte of the intratumoral microenvironment (TIL) was observed in the cytoplasm and occurred in 64 cases (69.6%), being the majority of intestinal histological type of Láuren, advanced staging and grade II of differentiation. Intratumoral PD-1 positive lymphocytes were observed in a greater number of cases when evaluated intratumoral stroma, as compared to the tumor-associated PD-1 lymphocyte lymphocytes adjacent to the tumor. These data reinforce that patients with gastric adenocarcinoma who features the histopathological characteristics found in predominance for both markers analyzed, may be more likely to activate the PD-1 / PD-L1 pathway and are eligible candidates to use anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody or anti- PD-L1.