Dissertações em Saúde, Ambiente e Sociedade na Amazônia (Mestrado) - PPGSAS/ICS

URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/10373

Navegar

Agora exibindo 1 - 5 de 5

Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise sobre a formação profissional e experiência dos médicos cooperados do programa mais médicos no Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-04-03) TAVARES, Roseane Bittencourt; SILVA, Hilton Pereira da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3917171307194821
The More Doctors Program (Programa Mais Médicos-PMM) was established in 2013 because of social pressures, from the Unified Health System (Sistema Único de Saúde-SUS) and population in general. One of its aims is to ensure the provision of medical professionals to work in Primary Healthcare (Atenção Básica-AB) in difficult access areas, due to the insufficiency of these professionals in the SUS. However, on the first calls for participation, Brazilian doctors boycotted the Program. One of the solutions for its implementation was to sign a cooperation agreement between Brazil and Cuba through the Pan American Health Organization. Thus, thousands of Cuban doctors came to Brazil to work on the PMM. However, these professionals’ arrival was widely criticized by medical associations, which affirmed that they didn’t have the necessary training to practice medicine in Brazil. That said, the objective of this study is to analyze the professional training and previous experience of the cooperated physicians participating in the PMM. To do so, we shared data with the multicentric research “Analysis of the effectiveness of the More Doctors initiative in the realization of the universal right to health and in the consolidation of the Health Services Networks”, coordinated by the University of Brasilia. Data was collected using interviews with the cooperative doctors in every regions of the country. We carried out the interviews content analysis and, in addition, we compared the curricula of Cuban and Brazilian medical schools, observing their similarities and differences. Two articles were written from this research. The first article was published in Revista Interface - Comunicação, Saúde, Educação (vol.21, Supplement I, issue 63, 2017, pp. 1257-1268) and is about how the participants understand and are involved in BA in the country. The second article was submitted to the special edition of the Revista Pan-americana de Salud Pública, which theme is “Primary Health Care in the Americas: Forty Years of Alma-Ata”, and its focus is on the qualification of the foreign physicians working in Para. As a result, we observed that Cuban doctors have adequate training in medical practice, once Cuba's medical curricula are, in general, similar to those of Brazil, they all have some postgraduate degree, and in addition they have medical experiences in other countries, due to the internationalist premise of their medical schools. Thus, there is no reason to criticize the training of these professionals, who come from a country recognized for its public health and the way they practice medicine. It is concluded that it is necessary to recognize their technical competence and learn from their humanitarian practice, which has been applied not only to the Cuban population, but also to populations from everywhere in the world where they are needed.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Insegurança alimentar em famílias de crianças matriculadas na rede municipal de educação infantil, Belém-PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-08-20) LEITE, Juliane Costa; GONZAGA, Irland Barroncas; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4404609403033945
Analytical study, observational of cross-sectional design that aimed to estimate the prevalence food and nutrition insecurity among the families with enrolled children at schools from the municipal early childhood education network in Belém-PA-Brazil. As an instrument to collect data, it was used the Brazilian Scale of Insecurity Food Measurement, and, in order to evaluate the family profile, it was used the socio demographic form. It was also managed with the children anthropometric evaluation for the children nutritional situation analysis. Three hundred sixty-eight families from Belém-PA participated in the study, they were proportionally divided into six administrative districts, eighty-seven schools and six age groups. The sampling technique considered a error of 5,16% and it was a proportional stratified random. In statistical analysis of the association among the socio demographic indicators and insecurity food, the Chi-square tests were used and G test. Prevalence rates and prevalence ratios were estimated for food insecurity, and Poisson multiple regression analysis with robust variance was performed and the respective confidence intervals (CI 95%). In all tests, it was adopted the significance level (a) equal to 5%. The statistic program that was used in the reviews was BioEstat 5.3 and SPSS 24.0. As a result, it was found the prevalence of 85,6% of food and nutritional insecurity, that was distributed according to the severity gradient, in 36,4% light food and nutritional insecurity, 28,8% were moderated and 20,4% were serious. It was verified a significative statistically association between insecurity food and family income per capita, have work, education level of the family chief, received of the Bolsa Família and type of material used in the construction of the home. In the Poisson regression model, it was observed that food insecurity was associated with have a family income per capita that is less than half a minimum wage (PR = 1,61) and does not have work (PR = 1,10). The study presents an important instrument to identify those risks and permits the analysis of the investigated problems causes.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Percepções, vivências e perspectivas de professores sobre o Programa Saúde na Escola
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-04-25) PEREIRA, Fabrício Moraes; NASCIMENTO, Liliane Silva do; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1267238580647081
Health at school is the subject of relevant discussions on health promotion. From intersetoriality reflexions, literature review and field research, this study aims to understand the actions resulting from the School Health Program in municipal public schools in Belém, Pará, from the perspective of teachers. It is a descriptive-observational study, with analysis of interviews with 22 teachers of municipal public basic education. Field research took place from April to June 2018. A content analysis was carried out, proposed by Bardin, generating four thematic units: Evaluation of the SHP in Belém’s municipal schools context; The social determinants of health and the school community; Basic education teacher: inherent health educator; The indissociability of care in health-education binomial. Half of those interviewed were unaware of the program or its operation. Different modes of interaction between the program's actions managers were observed, from the most punctual and inefficient to the most contextualized and integrative. The study of social health determinants is necessary to better understand the processes and needs of these actions in the municipal school environment, with emphasis on issues of basic sanitation, food insecurity, violence and drugs. It is highlighted the need for self-recognition of the teacher as a health educator, in order to insert them in the construction of the health promotion in their pedagogical practices. The school's articulation with the school community can serve as an input for greater integration and stimulation of social control practices. It is understood the existence of challenges to overcome through the concreteness of intersectoriality: the deep-rooted effects of the biomedical model, the distortions of the conception of health promotion, the need for better understanding and application of intersectoriality, conciliation of agendas, fragmentation of health actions, professional valorization in both sectors and better quality in communication and interprofessional information exchange.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Perspectivas de integralidade em saúde na percepção de profissionais do Núcleo Ampliado de Saúde da Família e Atenção Básica e usuários da equipe de estratégia Saúde da Família no município de Belém
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-08-27) SILVA, Thaís do Socorro da Luz; SILVA, Marcos Valério Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0379783635000306
Since its inception, SUS has been showing significant progress, including the creation of the Family Health Strategy (ESF), adopted as a prioritary model for the reorganization of primary health care in Brazil. In January 2008, the Family Health Support Center (Nasf) was created to expand, increase the resolutiveness and comprehensiveness of health care, and was later called the Expanded Family Health Center (Nasf-AB). Nasf-AB acts in a number of eSF, being made up of professionals from different areas of knowledge to act in support and in partnership with the eSF. This research aimed to evaluate the Nasf-AB regarding the challenges for comprehensiveness, from the perspective of professionals of two Nasf-AB teams and users of two ESF in Belém, Pará. This was a qualitative, case-study approach with participant observation. Semi-structured interviews were conducted from August to December 2017, and subsequently, the content analysis of this material. Nine professionals of two Nasf-AB teams and nine users of two ESF teams took part in this research. The results show that five professionals have postgraduate degrees, but only one has specialization in the area of Collective Health, indicating insufficient specific theoretical training of the team. Regarding the time that the users participate in the activities in Nasf-AB teams groups, the half of the sample has been doing activities for three years. Among the changes brought by the implementation of ESF reported by the users, the dynamics of scheduling appointments, improvement in access to health services and home visits by the professionals stand out. The professionals demonstrated to understand the essence of comprehensiveness in a critical way, as a fight flag for modifying health practices and consolidating the care model. It was also identified that the interviewees associated the groups of physical activities with improvements in the quality of life of the users, besides being considered the main tool to reach the comprehensiveness in the practices. Finally, it was noticed that the Nasf-AB teams studied need to move forward to offer better working conditions to professionals and stimulate practices of permanent education in health, making possible the transformation of professional practices.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A voz do servidor público da UFPA: um estudo sobre os sentidos da promoção da saúde no local de trabalho
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-09-21) TEIXEIRA, Maria de Nazaré Barbosa; PIANI, Pedro Paulo Freire; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6434100473666705
Introduction: The National Policy for Civil Servant’s Health and Work Security (Política Nacional de Atenção à Saúde e Segurança do Trabalho do Servidor Público Federal – PASS) is an established state policy, and is used as a legal tool for promoting and surveilling health among the public organs of the Federal Public Administration in the executive. PASS leads three principles: health assistance for civil servants; health and vigilance expertise; and health promotion. The latter recommends that changing actions must be developed in the workplace in order to reflect health gain for the servants. Methodology: Descriptive and exploratory study; qualitative research approach with a theoretical and methodological support based on the discursive practices by Spink (2010). The research consisted of a semi-structured interview, and aimed at investigating civil servants’ production of meanings on health promotion in the workplace. 17 (seventeen) federal civil servants from UFPA’s personnel took part in the interview. Result and discussion: The interviews were analyzed through two distinct processes: servants’ knowledge on “health” and “health promotion” – which was highlighted by terms/words – and the elaboration of four categories that appeared a posteriori about participants’ speech, considering: 1- the meanings about health promotion in the workplace; 2- health gain in the workplace due to health promotion; 3- health promotion, vigilance and intervention; and 4- information as a support for health gain. The categories were interpreted based on the narratives in light of the five main fields of health promotion proposed by the Ottawa charter, the guidelines that comprise the set of actions from PASS, and the theoretical background. The research result indicated the need of improving the theoretical discussions on health, risks, vulnerability, territory, intersectorality, critical autonomy, empowerment, and social participation as a way to face situations that prevent health gain. The interlocutors aim at gaining health from new social and environmental attitudes, social interactions, and health service reorientations. From the narratives, there was the need for an institutional planning that prioritizes programs and projects with the purpose of: improving UFPA’s campus infrastructure in Belém; promoting life quality in the workplace; and qualifying the servants about the policy for civil servants’ health and work security (PASS), which includes vigilance to environment and work process, and health promotion to servants. Conclusion: In the civil service, outside the healthcare sector, actions for health promotion aim at improving environment, organization, and work process in order to promote a health valuation culture through changing habits and behavioral attitudes individually and collectively, and to reduce morbimortality in the workplace. However, it can only happen through changes in social and environmental attitudes, social interactions, and health service reorientations. Furthermore, the institutional planning must have programs and projects to enhance life quality promotion in the workplace, and qualify the servants to develop their personal skills suitable for health gain.

Navegar

Navegando Dissertações em Saúde, Ambiente e Sociedade na Amazônia (Mestrado) - PPGSAS/ICS por Linha de Pesquisa "SÓCIO-ANTROPOLOGIA, POLÍTICA, PLANEJAMENTO E GESTÃO EM SAÚDE NA AMAZÔNIA"