Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Ambientais - PPGCA/IG
URI Permanente desta comunidadehttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/2854
O Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Ambientais (PPGCA) integra o Instituto de Geocências (IG) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA) em parceria com o Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi (MPEG) e a Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA/Amazônia Oriental) iniciou suas atividades em 2005 com o Mestrado Acadêmico e em 2011 com o Doutorado Acadêmico.
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Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Dinâmicas socioambientais associadas as ocorrências de febre chikungunya no município de Belém do Pará.(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-09-09) SILVA, Jaqueline Portal da; PIMENTEL, Márcia Aparecida da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3994635795557609Chikungunya fever (CHIKF) is an arbovirus caused by the Chikungunya virus (CHIKV). Its transmission occurs through the bite of female Aedes aegypti or Aedes albopictus mosquitoes infected with CHIKV. The signs and symptoms of CHIKF are similar to those of dengue, however the main clinical manifestation that differs from it is the involvement of joints such as the joints of the wrists, ankles and elbows causing severe pain inflammation accompanied by swelling, redness and local heat. The objective of this research was to evaluate the influence of income, population density, sanitation and climate variables on CHIKF occurrences. The study was conducted from 2016 to 2018, with application area in the municipality of Belém (PA). The variables were analyzed based on descriptive statistics, from which the mean, standard deviation, coefficient of variation, median, minimum and maximum were determined. The normalities of the variables were tested to define by using parametric or nonparametric correlation tests. Linear regression analysis was performed for variables with statistical significance. Spatial analysis identified the expansion of the disease in the municipality over the period analyzed. As well as outbreaks of high concentration and maintenance of the disease were identified in certain neighborhoods. For socioeconomic variables, Pearson's correlation identified an association between CHIKF and the demographic density variable in 2017, which resulted in a weak but significant linear regression. Significant correlations were identified for indicators of quantity and regularity of water supply, solid waste collection and level of access to sanitation services. While the temperature and precipitation variables in 2016, presented respectively positive and weak association and negative and weak association in relation to CHIKF. The results of this research showed that the urban area of the municipality of Belém (PA), Brazilian Amazon, has significant natural and anthropic elements for the insertion of active transmission foci of Chikungunya fever.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Impactos do uso e cobertura do solo no regime hidrológico da bacia hidrográfica do rio Apeú/PA.(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-06-17) SANTOS, Joyse Tatiane Souza dos; SOUSA, Adriano Marlisom Leão de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4371199443425884The preservation of a river basin is a key process to guarantee the functioning of the system that involves the hydrological cycle, whose fundamental element is water. The general objective of this work was to analyze the distribution of water, based on the flow dynamics and to verify the behavior of the different hydrological processes in the different conditions of use and soil cover. The study was developed in the watershed of the Apeú river, located in northeastern Para, is a complex basin, which is inserted in both rural and urban environments, and which suffers constant anthropic interventions. The Soil and Assessment Tool (SWAT) model was applied, using climatic data from a meteorological station, belonging to the National Institute of Meteorology (INMET), and geocartographic data from institutions such as the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) National Institute of Space Research (INPE) and the Brazilian Agricultural Research Company (EMBRAPA). It was also discussed the applicability of the SWAT model as a complementary tool in the management of water resources, motivated by the search for alternative knowledge of the processes occurring in the Apeú river basin. It was also sought to spatially evaluate the distribution of water in the basin, through the simulation of water production (WYLD) generated by the SWAT model, during the period from August 2007 to August 2018, a simulation of scenarios with different use and occupation of the soil, of the basin under study, and these were compared with the current scenario (TerraClass 2014). With the results it can be affirmed that the SWAT model is a help in the generation of information in basins that do not have monitoring, being possible through it, to identify the amount of WYLD, as a function of the difference of water entering the system (precipitation) in relation to their losses (evapotranspiration, among others). In order to obtain better planning of the water resources in the basin under analysis. By verifying that the WYLD is closely linked with the dynamics of the land uses and occupations and the morphometry of the Apeú river basin and not only the seasonality of precipitation in the region, then as a strategy to minimize environmental impacts an information booklet was proposed focused on environmental issues with the aim of informing the community about the importance of conserving the Apeú river and with this to obtain benefits and quality of life.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Qualidade ambiental da área urbana do município de Belém/PA: o desafio de mensurar.(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-06-21) NUNES, Lana Patrícia Martins; LIMA, Aline Maria Meiguins de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6572852379381594; PIMENTEL, Márcia Aparecida da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3994635795557609The accelerated and disorderly growth of cities has not been accompanied by the growth and improvement of urban infrastructure, which contribute decisively to the quality of life of its inhabitants. Studies on the urban environment reveal that the urbanization process generates impacts, both environmental and social, however these impacts can be avoided or at least minimized through an effective planning process. For this reason, the great challenge of urban planning bodies is to understand the functioning of the urban environment and provide the right conditions for communities to develop sustainably, seeking a balance between quality of life and preservation of the environment. In this sense, studies that deal with the reality of environmental quality in urban ecosystems are of fundamental importance to support planning policies and more efficient land management. This research aims to evaluate the environmental quality in the urban area of the municipality of Belém / PA, one of the municipalities of the northern region of the country that presents, in population terms, large extensions of subnormal clusters and highlights in the real estate scenario, with characteristics similar to many Brazilian cities. To evaluate the environmental quality, the methodological procedures developed by Borja (1998) and Kawakubo et. al., (2005) were used, using environmental and infrastructure indicators (water supply, sanitary sewage, urban cleaning, flooding, noise pollution and cover (SIPAM, CIOP, SESAN, IBGE, etc.) for the construction of a synthetic index of environmental quality.In order to observe stratifications between the districts, environmental quality charts and basic indexes were developed using Arcgis software. The perception of the residents was also investigated through structured questionnaires whose items correspond to the same indicators selected in the objective data. In order to observe possible contrast between the objective and subjective data an index of environmental perception was constructed using the same methodological precepts for the construction of the objective data and their respective spatialization. The data show that although the results point to a sufficient level of environmental quality, residents are dissatisfied with the infrastructure and quality of the environment.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Variação sazonal do carbono e um ecossistema de manguezal na Amazônia Oriental: florística, clima e economia(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-02-25) RODRÍGUEZ, Nelson Antonio Castellón; JARDIM, Mário Augusto Gonçalves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9596100367613471; VITORINO, Maria Isabel; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4813399912998401This interdisciplinary research aims at investigating the seasonal and economic dimensions of the mangrove forest, in relation to the capture, storage and carbon emissions, from spatial variation of floristic, physical-chemical, biological and climatic variables for the period of 2016 and 2017 in the Eastern Amazon. The study area is located at the Experimental Site of UFRA / UFPA in the village of Cuiarana, Salinópolis-PA. The floristic inventory method consisted of transects and plots, with DBH measures ≥ 2.5cm, monthly precipitation data generated by the CMORPH technique and the tide of the Salinopólis Fundeadouro. The stock of organic carbon, CO2 emissions and physico-chemical and biological variables were measured through seasonal sampling in nine 20x20m plots in three mangrove strata. Socioeconomic data are based on the combination of carbon dioxide fluxes measured by a micrometereological tower installed in the study area and interviews with residents of Cuiarana Village. Spatially, the main results show that for the three mangrove strata the dominance of Rhizophora mangle (L) was observed, with the highest values of phytosociological indices. The species Avicennia germinans (L.) Stearn presented a higher positive correlation (0.72) with organic carbon during the rainy season. The largest stocks and emissions of organic carbon in the soil occurred in the adult mangrove in the rainy season when compared to the young / dwarf and intermediate strata. In the socioeconomic context, the villagers identified nine mangrove properties of which the main ones are the consumption and the sale of the crab in the less rainy season. However, services for carbon capture and storage in the soil presented higher income in the rainy season. The incomes estimated by mangrove goods and services were R $ 92,660.50 per hectare per year.