Programa de Pós-Graduação em História - PPHIST/IFCH
URI Permanente desta comunidadehttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/4187
O Programa de Pós-Graduação em História (PPHIST) do Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas (IFCH) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA) foi criado em 2004, em nível de Mestrado. Em 2010, teve o seu Doutorado aprovado, cuja primeira turma iniciou em meados de 2011. O objetivo do PPHIST/UFPA é o de refletir historiograficamente sobre a diversidade social, étnica e cultural da Amazônia na sua relação com a biodiversidade local. Nesse sentido, trata-se de formar e capacitar pesquisadores e professores dentro desse campo de múltiplas realidades. Por outro lado, objetiva-se também o fomento e a criação de estudos históricos que relacionem a realidade e a historicidade da Amazônia com análises de outras dinâmicas históricas brasileiras e da Pan-Amazônia. Como primeiro Doutorado em História da região amazônica, o PPHIST/UFPA quer se consolidar como uma Pós-Graduação de referência para os demais estados da região e, inclusive, para os países que compõem a Pan-Amazônia.
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Dissertação Acesso aberto (Open Access) Agostinho de Souza Moreira, comandante dos rios Guamá e Capim: trajetória de uma liderança cabana do interior da Amazônia (1829-1837)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-03-14) NASCIMENTO, Wesley David Silva do; RICCI, Magda Maria de Oliveira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4368326880097299This dissertation analyzes the trajectory of Agostinho de Souza Moreira, a leader from the interior of Grão-Pará in the early years of Cabanagem (1835-1836). Through the research around this subject, this work aims to address the unfolding of the hut war in the Capim and Guamá rivers, which comprises the parishes of São Domingos da Boa Vista and São Miguel da Cachoeira, and the village of Ourém; in addition to exerting influence in the town of Bragança and in the place of Viseu. In these locations, Agostinho Moreira acted as General Commander with the responsibility of legitimizing the authority of the cabano government in the region. Previously, this guy had stints in the City Council, the Ordinary Court and the National Guard, which allowed him to meet many people, the supervision of the region's production, in addition to the local geography. Historically marked by escapes, by the action of the mocambos, indigenous resistance and military desertions, this region known as the middle of the road between Pará and Maranhão was convulsed in many struggles led by these peoples, who fought for better living conditions and their freedoms, during the 1820s. Thus, from 1836 onwards, when Cabanagem began to radicalize to the interior of Pará, Agostinho Moreira secured notoriety for having control of a region that held the necessary goods for a war economy that threatened the control of the interprovincial authorities who armed themselves heavily in the hunt for the cabano leader. In this sense, we will present the region of Agostinho Moreira's activity marked by crossings and refuges. And then we will analyze his trajectory in search of a place in local power until his rise as a cabano leader, highlighting his organization, his war strategies and his escapes during the anticabana repression. We did this through the search for documentary traces that would lead us to Agostinho Moreira found in letters and correspondence exchanged between authorities, terms of council, and newspaper reports that circulated in the Empire, using the methodology of the indiciary paradigm to identify the action of the amocambados and indigenous people in the period of greatest radicality of the Cabana war.Tese Acesso aberto (Open Access) Aqueles que merecem a opinião pública: justiça de paz, cidadania e mobilização política nas primeiras eleições no Grão-Pará (1827-1841)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-09-25) MOURA, Danielle Figuerêdo; RICCI, Magda Maria de Oliveira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4368326880097299This thesis is devoted to studying the relationship between the first elections for representatives of the justice of the peace in Grão-Pará and the Cabano movement. Its scope ranges from 1827, with the regulation of this position, until 1833, when the third election for this position took place since its creation and which preceded the Cabano movement. The in-depth study of correspondence between municipal councils, judicial authorities, and provincial presidents, especially those concerning municipal elections, has proven that blacks, indigenous people and mixed-race people mobilized around local elections and assumed important positions in the legal and civil administration of towns, parishes and places in Grão-Pará between 1828 and 1834. It is demonstrated that despite the set of laws inaugurated with the 1824 Charter not extending many of its benefits to this segment of the population, the reality was quite different, since the appropriations made by the new legal devices informed daily struggles for expanding citizenship. This thesis argues, therefore, that the Cabano movement was born out of ethnic and political conflicts that had as an important stage the elections of lay judges. The experience of political mobilization, both in their election, deposition and acclamation, was in constant dialogue with a repertoire of new laws and a constitutional and liberal vocabulary, and was therefore fundamental to the emergence and diversity of dynamics of the Cabano movement. Finally, it is shown that the discussion raised by the Cabano movement in the Court in Rio de Janeiro, about the need to defend an idea of “order” and “civilization”, contributed to the arguments of the “lawyers” for the review of the justice of the peace, which culminated in its national reformulation in 1841.Tese Acesso aberto (Open Access) Arranjos, lei e consolidação do império: aplicação da lei das terras e apropriação das fazendas nacionais do Rio Branco (1830-1880)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-09-18) SANTOS, Maria José dos; FONTES, Edilza Joana Oliveira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9447513031256372This thesis investigated the process of application of the Law no. 601 of 1850, known as the Land Law in the Province of Amazonas and its developments on the border of Rio Branco. It was sought to understand the social, political and economic constitution of the subjects that formed the group of landlords from the creation of the Fazenda Reais and private farms, analyzing, afterwards, the creation of the Upper Amazon Region, setting up tents and the expansion process of farms after the extinction of the Sesmarias Law. Historically, the region of Rio Branco has undergone intense territorial and political processes of disputes that threatened Portuguese domination and, successively, the consolidation of the Brazilian Empire on that frontier. The 1830s and 1870s were marked by the attempt of land grabbing by the United Kingdom, known as the Pirara conflict in Rio Branco, and by the pressure of the United States of America that demanded Brazil to open up for navigation and trade on the Amazon River. All these factors made the Brazilian Empire expend different dimensions for other regions, more flexible with military and other people, maintaining them as allies to defend, colonize and consolidate the empire at the border of Rio Branco. In this context, the lands of the national farms, which belonged to the State, were gradually incorporated into the private patrimony of the military and exiled, as well as lands considered vacant, which were also public patrimony. The Land Law was not enforced, since, according to it, the only form of access to land was the purchase, but it was used politically by the Empire to secure the support of the local landlord class. This process lasted until the 1870s, when this relationship began to have another dimension, much more rigorous, less attached to the local elite and disposed of more charges, especially on the part of the Treasury over the appropriation of assets belonging to the Treasury as the lands of the national farms of the Rio Branco, clear indications that the Brazilian Empire in the borders of the Amazon finally recognized itself consolidated.Dissertação Acesso aberto (Open Access) Assinado, Pierre Beltrand. Por Ubiratan de Aguiar (1957-2023)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-01-10) PINHEIRO, Marcelo Coelho do Amaral; FONTES, Edilza Joana Oliveira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9447513031256372Dissertação Acesso aberto (Open Access) Belém, uma história da chuva (1890 – 1920)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-08-29) GOMES, Kelvyn Werik Nascimento; RICCI, Magda Maria de Oliveira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4368326880097299This dissertation aims to explore the history of rain in the city of Belém, in the period from 1890 to 1922, with a specific focus on the influence that this natural phenomenon had on certain groups and the city itself. To achieve this, it examines the interest of various social actors in rain in Belém throughout the 19th century, but primarily in the final years of this century and the early 20th century. This includes the observations made by naturalist travelers who visited the region and observed the rain phenomenon, as well as the insights of memoirists and geographers. The work of naturalist Emilio Goeldi in collecting meteorological data is also highlighted, exploring how the study of rain was related to politics and Goeldi's public image, and how this interest became a significant part of scientific research in the region. This dissertation also focuses on the practical implications of rain in the daily lives of Belém's inhabitants. It examines how rain affected the relationship between the population, the Municipal Intendency, and nature, with an emphasis on attempts to address the population's demands regarding rain, especially in terms of urban transformations that have impacted and continue to affect the city and its residents. The influence of newspapers as mediators between the population and the government regarding rain-related issues is also explored, revealing how the media played a significant role in shaping public opinion and government actions. In conclusion, this dissertation delves into the importance of rain as a complex and multifaceted topic in Belém's history during the studied period, considering its impact on the scientific, political, and social spheres of the city.Tese Acesso aberto (Open Access) A Cidade dos Lázaros: isolacionismo, políticas públicas e lepra no Pará (1900-1934)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-06-28) VIEIRA, Elis Regina Corrêa; SANJAD, Nelson Rodrigues; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9110037947248805; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6372-1185At the end of the XIX century and the beginning of XX, leprosy went through a process of singularization marked by an intense debate about etiology, therapy and prophylaxis of the disease. In this context, there was a theoric effort to consolidate leprosy as a disease caused by a bacillus and transmitted by contagion. At the same time, if the disease was contagious and its means of transmission was uncertain, the idea of isolating the patients was the only way of avoiding the spread of the disease became strength. In Brazil, many doctors and intellectuals participated in an international network of scientists that debated about the disease. In the same context, the health movement demanded that the Union increase its responsibilities in public health. The leprosy prophylaxis was benefited by these discussions and the federal government started to implement several leprosariums in partnership with the state government. Lazarópolis do Prata, in the state of Pará, was created in this context. It was installed in 1923 and officially opened in June 1924. My thesis proposes that doctors created a model of isolation to Lazarópolis, however, the experience of different individuals recreated the senses of this isolation, challenging the hygienist ideal of a kind, disciplined, and submissive "lázaro" to the doctors. Thus, even an institution seen as a model faced challenges such as escapes and violations to the established norms.Tese Acesso aberto (Open Access) Cidade e educação: memórias e experiências do ensino primário e ginasial em Breves – Marajó das Florestas (1943-1985)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-06-30) PUREZA, Enil do Socorro de Sousa; PACHECO, Agenor Sarraf; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5839293025434267In order to understand the construction process of the city of Breves, in Marajó das Florestas, as a regional development hub, focusing on the 20th century, this research presented as a central thesis the assertion that educational experiences in primary and secondary education in the city of Breves , between the 1940s and 1980s, were of great importance for the formation, expansion of urban space and development of the municipality, attracting institutions, public and private services necessary for life in the 20th century to its structure. To arrive at the confirmation of this thesis, we started with the following problematizing questions: How were the city and education, and education and the city historically built in the territory of Breu, in the period from 1943 to 1985? How did the educational and sociocultural practices experienced by residents occur in the expansion and development of urban life? How did the implementation and/or strengthening of primary and secondary education take place in the city? From these guiding questions, the objectives of the research were: to analyze city and education and education and city through written, oral and visual documents, identifying historical-social changes and continuities in the ways of living in Brevense between the 1940s and 1980s; understand the trajectory of formation of the school group from 1943 in the city, the expansion and consolidation of primary education and follow the emergence of secondary education in the context of the 1960s/70s, its contributions to the expansion of the city and the visibility of the city in the regional and state scenario in times of military regime. Based on Social and Cultural History and dialoguing with written, oral and visual documents, the results indicate that Breves became the main educational center of the Marajós das Florestas, from the 1960s onwards with the implementation of the Miguel Bitar State Gym, which joined to primary education, which began in the 1940s with the Dr. Lauro Sodré, Boarding School Evangélico Amazonas and Colégio Santo Agostinho. They also showed that, in the education and city movement, the city became a regional reference in several sectors, and education played a sine qua non role, because through the training of people, multiple development possibilities were opened for Breves to become , nowadays, an educating city.Tese Acesso aberto (Open Access) Ciência e construção do consenso desenvolvimentista na Amazônia a partir de quatro cientistas durante a Ditadura Militar (Pará, 1964-1985)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-03-08) SBRANA, Tayanná Santos de Jesus; PETIT, Pere; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8376409779394321; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8970-3073Dissertação Acesso aberto (Open Access) Da anistia à redemocratização: o processo de esquecimento da 5ª Companhia de Guardas(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-07-10) COSTA, Carolina Silva da; PETIT, Pere; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8376409779394321; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8970-3073When talking about the dictatorship of 1964-1985, one goes back to a sensitive past, laden with memories and traumas that persist in power struggles, installed in the democratic process in Brazil since Law nº 314/1967 on National Security, passing through Law 6,683/1979 from Amnesty to the current historic buildings. Understanding and knowing the speeches and characters whose past lived is a study developed by researchers of the history of the present time, as well as problematizing the memory that permeates through subjective and also physical fields - the museums - places of memories brought by Nora (1988). Those spaces whose purpose is to remember, however, when they create a gap of forgetfulness, it becomes paradoxical, making it necessary to provoke historiographical constructions with regard to the dictatorial period. In this way, the methodology with bibliographical analysis was used in articles, books and productions, which cited the 5th Company of Guards as a place of prison, today Museum of Contemporary, Modern Art and photos, or House of Eleven Windows, located in the neighborhood of Cidade Old woman in Belém–PA. Museum that makes up one of the formative spaces of Happy Lusitânia, the set of heritage revitalized and resignified within the project that aims to publicize the first contacts of the European colonizer and the natives. House of Eleven Windows, in its chronological functions, served as the home of Domingos Bacelar, then as a Military Hospital and a space for the collection of testimonies and incarcerations of subversives in the 20th century, the 5th Company of Guards and finally the Museum. However, the point of discussion of this research is that in its current curatorial proposal, its repressive past is not disclosed, leaving the visitor out of tune with the real history contained in general, since not even all passivity passed on actually occurred in this space. Therefore, gathering in this research a historiographical base of names identified as subversive, in their actions within the resistance and that were sent to provide clarifications in the 5th Company of Guards, is the objective of this research, with the intention of provoking the sensitive memory in opposition to the speeches implanted by the silence and oblivion built in the building.Dissertação Acesso aberto (Open Access) De imigrantes na Amazônia a nobres em Portugal: Visconde de Monte Redondo, Visconde de Penedo e Visconde de Nazaré(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-09-30) QUARESMA, Luís Augusto Barbosa; SARGES, Maria de Nazaré dos Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2076421409418420The dynamics that are found in the trajectory of the cities present them as elements in constant transformation, effervescence, movements, interruptions and continuities that (re)write themselves as the time goes by. Such scenario can be found in the city of Belém, capital of the state of Pará, which, in the period between 1870 and 1914, inserts itself in the period called Belle Époque, when significant changes occurred, which marked the trajectory of the city and of the people that lived in it towards the modernity that was materializing from the 19th century to the 20th century. In this scenario, there’s a significant flux of European immigrants that moved to the Amazon region, mainly, in the case of this study, of Portuguese people. In this context, this thesis has the goal of understanding the trajectory of Joaquim Antonio de Amorim (Viscount of Monte Redondo), Antonio José Antunes Sobrinho (Viscount of Penedo) and Bernardo Antonio Nunes (Viscount of Nazaré), who stablished themselves at the capital of Pará during the heyday of the rubber market. A diversified theoretical basis was used, which gave support to the construction of the trajectory of these individuals, as well carrying out documental and iconographic research, based on newspapers and official sources, such as reports, testimonies, inventories in institutions with collections that collaborated with this work. The results showed that such subjects had relevant roles in the socioeconomical dynamic of Belém, got involved with cultural, structural and sanitary changes of the city, which brought them to economical and sociopolitical prosperity. They left marks in the city and in the Portuguese community, thus, this thesis reveals the importance of these people to the existing Portuguese community in Pará and to the other people that transited in the Amazon city between the second half of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century.Dissertação Acesso aberto (Open Access) De professores civis a oficiais militares: experiências sociais de militares temporários para o magistério na Força Aérea Brasileira (2011-2019)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-08-31) GAUDÊNCIO, Sandra Letícia Magalhães; NUNES, Francivaldo Alves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4125313573133140This dissertation analyzes the temporary hiring process of teachers as Military Officers, considering the demands related to basic education in a militarized structure. The objective is to understand the process of training and performance of temporary military officers summoned to the teaching staff (teaching and pedagogy) of the Brazilian Air Force - FAB, between the years 2011 and 2019, at Colégio Tenente Rêgo Barros (CTRB). Therefore, it is relevant to understand the daily training of these temporary officers, “the swabs” and the dynamics of a “military spirit” whose scope was determined by internal social relations. The hypotheses raised are that the various experiences of social subjects, men and women who worked in this area, permeated through strangeness, resistance, mediation, conflicts that begin from the selection process to the performance in the CTRB. With regard to the sources, the relevance of orality is highlighted based on the use of the technique of interviews, authorized and recorded through google meet, made with the temporary Officers, their memories and forgetfulness, as well as official documents, newspapers, magazines and photographs. We will seek to understand the entry process of civilian teachers in 2011 who became temporary military and are professionals in the area of Teaching and Pedagogy, considering the demands aimed at teaching in a welfare school and the profile of the professionals who sought to reach summoned and formed for a temporary “career” in the Brazilian Air Force-FAB, the so-called 2nd class Reserve Officers Squad Convocados - QOCON.Tese Acesso aberto (Open Access) Emigrados do sertão: secas e deslocamentos populacionais Ceará-Piauí (1877-1891)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-02-28) SILVA, Márcio Douglas de Carvalho e; LACERDA, Franciane Gama; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1007392320101957In the second half of the 19th century, some provinces in the North of the Brazilian Empire faced successive droughts, which caused the migration of the population residing in the affected areas to others where it was believed that there were resources that would enable survival. In 1877, a drought began in Ceará that lasted until 1879. At the end of the 1880s, the phenomenon once again visited Ceará, leaving its visible marks, mainly in 1888 and 1889. great was the displacement of men and women from Ceará to other Brazilian provinces, including the neighboring one, Piauí, which to a certain extent was already affected by drought in the form of a climatic phenomenon, starting to experience it as a social product. The objective of this thesis is to analyze the migration of people from Ceará to Piauí, between the years 1877 and 1891, considering these displacements an act of protagonism by men and women, poor and rich, who undertook the migratory journeys as a possibility of overcoming the difficulties imposed by the dry in its place of origin, choosing Piauí as route and also destination. As a basis for the time frame, the year in which the flow of people from Ceará became more intense towards the neighboring province, until the beginning of the 1890s, when welfare practices were still carried out through public assistance, and it was already possible to find people from Ceará constituting new families in Piauí. Among the sources defined for carrying out the research, there are the different newspapers published in Piauí and Ceará, as well as reports, messages, speeches, minutes, as well as letters and other documents from the Public Aid Commission. Thus, this thesis investigates the fact that, in addition to the migratory flows that occurred in the 19th century, already known in historiography, there were other migrant destinations undertaken by people from Ceará, including Piauí, which was also affected by droughts, seen as a receiving pole, either for those who were destined for that region, as it offered better conditions for survival than Ceará, or for those who were trying to cross to Maranhão and Pará. Because it was intense at many times, migration brought to Piauí the worsening of the consequences of the drought, requiring measures to combat its effects by the local government, which established the Public Aid Commissions, promoting welfare and moving part of the migrants to the fronts of work, either in public works or in Colonial Nuclei. Upon arriving in Piauí, migrants almost always found it difficult to survive, however, many managed to settle in that region and did not return to Ceará after the end of the drought. In this way, the thesis of the importance of Piauí in the migratory contexts of the 19th century is defended, as a receiving space for migrants from Ceará and a generator of multiple social experiences.Tese Acesso aberto (Open Access) Emília Snethlage e Heloísa Alberto Torres: gênero, ciência e turismo na Amazônia do século XX(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-08-04) ALBERTO, Diana Priscila Sá; PACHECO, Agenor Sarraf; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5839293025434267The presence of women in the history of science, especially in the Western world, is intertwined with the very constitution of this field of knowledge, but for a long time they have remained in the shadows of male performance. The historical science, since its birth, has marked the "man" as the central character of the narratives and, even though some scholars pointed out that women were included in this historical being, the disciplinary field of history kept them away from the stage of mankind's sociocultural formation. Scientific travel, from the 19th century on, proved to be a rich path to problematize this vision and the meanings of its silences, allowing interpretative connections between science, gender, and tourism. The history of female participation in the history of sciences in the Amazon in the 20th century, focusing on the performance and legacy of two women scientists, one German and one Brazilian, Emília Snethlage (1868-1929) from the Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi - MPEG and Heloísa Alberto Torres (1895-1977) from the Museu Nacional do Rio de Janeiro - MNRJ, is the central theme of this thesis. These scientists, who lived experiences in regions of Brazil, especially in the Amazon, used tactics to build an important path in their fields of expertise in the natural sciences (ornithology) and humanities (anthropology). Their expeditions left important clues for the investigation of the history of tourism in the region, by presenting elements that made up the modern tourist phenomenon, such as lodging, food, and transportation. From this contextualization, the objective of this work was to investigate, in the light of studies on the history of science, gender and tourism, the female participation played, in particular, by Emília Snethlage and Heloísa Alberto Torres, in the construction of scientific knowledge in the Amazon in the early twentieth century, entering into their professional trajectories, strategies and their respective universes. In relation to the problematic, the question was asked about the importance of the role of women in the history of science in Brazil and how was the specific participation of these scientists in the Amazon? The research was based on Edward P. Thompson with Social History and his reflections on experience and tactics in everyday life; Carlo Ginzburg with Micro-History when entering in the indications of other paths taken by them; Michelle Perrot, Londa Schiebinger and Anne McClintock when referencing the role of women in the scientific field, helping to inquire forms of coloniality experienced in the daily life and work of Emília and Heloisa. As far as tourism studies are concerned, we dialogued with Paulo de Assunção, Alexandre Panosso Netto, and Helena Doris. A. B. Quaresma when dealing with the reflection of the tourist phenomenon and its openings in history and research in the Amazon. The methodological path traced clues of the performance of these women of science in the Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Guilherme de La Penha Archives. Files on Emília Snethlage were also searched in virtual media at the Biblioteca Nacional Digital and at the Museu de Astronomia e Ciências Afins, where a collection on Heloísa Alberto Torres was found. The documentary research started in 2018 and went on until mid-2022, mainly by virtual environment, due to the Covid-19 pandemic. To answer the problematic of the thesis, the research mapped and analyzed evidence in newspapers, articles produced by these scientists, personal and institutional letters, and novels, which made visible experiences and practices of these scientists in their institutions and in the daily life of research in the Amazon. Based on these findings, the thesis demonstrates that Emília and Heloísa played a fundamental role in the construction of science in the Amazon, through their actions and "world sensibilities", at a time of full hegemony of male domination in the scientific field. These women built their trajectories in ornithology and anthropology in such a way that their publications and scientific achievements spread beyond their institutions, making their mark in the history of science in Brazil and abroad. Furthermore, the trips have revealed new directions for understanding the tourist phenomenon in the Amazon region, since they have used the constituent elements of the practice in the activity. Thus, they contributed to think the emergence of a new epistemology about tourist trips.Dissertação Acesso aberto (Open Access) As faces do sindicalismo cutista no Pará: a trajetória e os embates internos da Central Única dos Trabalhadores (CUT) (1980-1990)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-04-12) SOUZA, Caio de Lucas Oliveira; PETIT, Pere; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8376409779394321; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8970-3073This dissertation discusses aspects of the Central Única dos Trabalhadores (CUT) in Pará and its trajectory. Additionally, it analyzes the actions of different union segments through documentary research in periodicals such as Resistência, as well as institutional documentation from the CUT itself and accounts from unionists which were involved during its state-building process. The moment when the CUT was founded was characterized as one of the driving forces behind its formation, given the political “ardent” that emerged at the time, along with the formulation of new ideas, such as the advent of the new unionism, which was equally unique in this context. The period studied has been targeted from the late 1970s, through the 1980s until the 1990s. Thus, the dissertation has looked for analyzing the action, performance, and strategies from different political union which existed before and after the foundation of the CUT, giving emphasis on the clashes of it in the central.Dissertação Acesso aberto (Open Access) A formação da ARENA e do MDB paraenses: cultura política e Ditadura Militar na Amazônia (1964 – 1970)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-12-14) MATOS, Flávio William Brito; FONTES, Edilza Joana Oliveira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9447513031256372The objective of this master’s thesis is to understand – based on party political trajectories – how the political frameworks of the National Renewal Alliance (ARENA) and the Brazilian Democratic Movement (MDB) were formed and constituted in Pará. Two axes guide the analysis of this trajectory: the concept of political culture used by historian Rodrigo Motta and the discourse on the locus where this political action takes place, the Amazon. The time frame of the research begins with the collapse of the democratic government in 1964, still in a multi-party environment, and ceases with the effects of Institutional Act Number 5 (AI-5), the moment in which the closure of the Legislative Assembly of the State of Pará (ALEPA) was decreed. A wide range of written and oral documentary sources were used, particularly the Annals of the Legislative Assembly, the Arthur Viana Public Library newspapers, and information from the National Information Service now retained in the National Archives. As conclusions of this work, the continuity in political arrangements before and after the military coup is highlighted, even on the part of militaries who were theoretically newcomers to politics. The role of the political class in building social consensus around Military Governments stands out. And, finally, the hypothesis of the discourse on the Amazon as a mechanism of understanding negotiations and political accommodations within the state is presented.Tese Acesso aberto (Open Access) “Guiados pelo raciocínio e pela razão”: ciência e modernidade a serviço da agricultura paraense (1908-1929)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022) SANTOS, Francisnaldo Sousa dos; NUNES, Francivaldo Alves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4125313573133140This thesis seeks to discuss the implementation of a new development model designed for agriculture in Pará at the beginning of the 20th century. Especially from the second term of governor Augusto Montenegro onwards, a change of orientation is observed, no longer exclusively focused on the creation of colonial nuclei and their consequent occupation by foreign settlers, but also focused on the qualification of these agricultural workers. In other words, the quality of labor for the field gained more and more importance. With the help of science, public agents then sought the technical qualification of the farmer through agricultural education in institutions such as experimental stations and demonstration fields or through mobile agricultural education. This new methodology required the creation, in 1908, of a section dedicated exclusively to agriculture and livestock within the Secretariat of Public Works, Lands and Transport, showing a close approximation between the state and the agricultural elite of Pará, since the representative of this patronage, the Marajoara farmer José Ferreira Teixeira, took over the direction of the 4th Section of Agriculture. The publication of the magazine A Lavoura Paraense, which circulated between 1908 and 1912, portrayed this new moment well in its pages. One of the objectives of public agents was to overcome monoculture and develop other products, especially when rubber exports showed signs of crisis, making agriculture increasingly relevant to the Pará economy in the first decades of the 20th century. In addition to the fear of sustaining an entire economy based on a single product, we can point out not only the unsatisfactory results with the old model of agricultural development that had been adopted since the mid-nineteenth century, but also the entire increase that the Museum underwent. Paraense from the arrival of the Swiss Emílio Goeldi and his successor in the direction of this institution, the also Swiss Jacques Huber. However, the promising expectation regarding the modernizing wave for the countryside, based on the rationalization of agricultural practices from the current agronomic precepts of the time, did not actually materialize, since the extractive sector remained high compared to the agricultural sector, with highlights at the end of the 1920s for some products such as rice and cotton.Tese Acesso aberto (Open Access) História, ciência e natureza na política Ilustrada de D. Rodrigo de Sousa Coutinho para o meio-norte da América Portuguesa (1796-1801)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-04-18) COSTA JÚNIOR, Flávio Pereira; SANJAD, Nelson Rodrigues; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9110037947248805; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6372-1185Science was an important element in the political construction of the Portuguese Empire in the 18th century. It would be through this knowledge that the economic potential of the nature of the possessions would be evaluated, with the aim of developing trade for the benefit of the Crown. It is thus understood that science was a useful colonial instrument to maintain the union between the European center of that Empire with its other portions on the Globe, especially with the colonial States in Portuguese America. Securing territories and developing projects to reach the other empires economically, above all to compete in markets already established by such empires. Fauna, flora and minerals would be objects of this knowledge, and for that purpose qualified men were sent for such research, entering the sertões in search of new specimens and evaluating the already known ones. Agriculture was also part of this study list, in the interest of expanding production. An exemplary case of this type of symbiosis between politics and science was that of Dom Rodrigo de Sousa Coutinho during the period when he was Minister of the Navy and Overseas (1796-1801). Due to the academic background and situation in which this individual was involved, one can see the attention he devoted to nature. As a case study, the thesis focuses on the States of Maranhão and Piauí. The objective of this work is to present how the political vision, through science in the administration of Dom Rodrigo de Sousa Coutinho, had as a project to insert Maranhão and Piauí in international trade.Dissertação Acesso aberto (Open Access) Honrarias e mercadorias: os principais indígenas e a formação de alianças na vila de Barcelos (1755-1765)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2025-02-26) BORGES, Ricardo dos Santos; GUZMÁN, Décio Marco Antônio de Alencar; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0656841754619406; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3219-4404The honors and the merchandises defined the way in which the relations of alliances between the main indigenous people and the Portuguese were configured in the Rio Negro during the second half of the eighteenth century, a period in which the region underwent profound changes as a result of the Pombaline reforms and the geopolitical conflicts on the borders of the Northwest Amazon. In view of this, the present dissertation aims to analyze the role of the concessions of honors and the negotiations of goods in the formation of alliances with the main indigenous people in the village of Barcelos, between 1755 and 1765. Through the analysis of the official documentation and the specialized bibliography, we sought to verify how the advances of the urban projects that aimed to reform the entire urban network of the territory of the village of Mariuá to consolidate it into the village of Barcelos and capital of the Captaincy of São José do Rio Negro, led the Principals to become the primary agents in the intermediation of the descents and the control of the indigenous labor exploited in this work front, which led the Portuguese to use honorific titles and colonial objects again as essential strategies in establishing alliances with such authority figures. In the wake of this process, we sought to ascertain the role of the granting of honors in the maintenance of indigenous alliances and the performance of colonial leaders, under the honorific title of Principal, in administrative and military functions and in the management of indigenous labor within the colonial space of Barcelos, as well as in independent trade relations. Then, we also analyzed the bargaining of merchandises that aimed to conquer the alliances of the Principals considered influential among the natives they led and indispensable in the middle of the descents to the village. The hypothesis that is intended to be based in this work is that the concessions of honors and the negotiations of merchandises, basic in the formation of alliances with the Principals from the Portuguese perspective, strengthened the political authority of these native leaders both in the colonial village of Barcelos and in the indigenous world located on the Rio Negro.Tese Acesso aberto (Open Access) Os humildes peregrinos da civilização cristã: grupos letrados da cidade de Vigia de Nazareth – Grão Pará (1866-1883)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-06-29) SOEIRO, Antonio Igo Palheta; SARGES, Maria de Nazaré dos Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2076421409418420In the small town of Vigia de Nazareth in the Province of Grão-Pará in the final decades of the 19th century, a literate group of simple people who we call "humble pilgrims" aimed to accomplish a sociopolitical project, which was based on the development of education as a strategy to fight for rights. Led by the teachers Araújo Nunes, Vilhena Alves and Bertoldo Nunes, they created schools, literary, beneficent and theatrical entities and wrote periodicals, cultural practices that mediated the dreamed Christian civilization, molded from popular Catholicism and the appropriation and resignification of ideas of the civilizing movement in Brazil. The initiative of a new sociopolitical project clashed with the objectives of the other literate groups led by the economic elites in the cultural field of the city, in a social context of misery, illiteracy, and slavery that the group found ways to combat, seeking the formation of an educated individual, politically active and with a social conscience.Dissertação Acesso aberto (Open Access) A imprensa ilustrada: uma análise das representações fotográficas em Belém (1910-1920)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-04-25) GOMES, Rodrigo Neves; LACERDA, Franciane Gama; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1007392320101957The research aims to analyze photographs published in newspapers and other printed matter such as albums and magazines that circulated through the city of Belém-PA, in the first decades of the twentieth century. The main newspapers of the period, such as Estado do Pará, Província do Pará and Folha do Norte, started to bring portraits of people and the urban space that accompanied the articles, helping in the understanding and in the idea of credibility of the news transmitted. Many of these photos showed aspects of the city that were different from the way the capital of Pará was represented in the heyday of latex exports. Thus, the images published in the periodicals highlight other angles of the city. Therefore, the dissertation discusses how the representations of some urban aspects of Belém and its residents recorded through photographs, help us to understand the economic, political and social context in which these productions were published, during the so-called rubber crisis.
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